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1784 in Great Britain
Great Britain-related events during the year of 1784
1784 in Great Britain:
Other years
1782
|
1783
|
1784
|
1785
|
1786
Countries of the United Kingdom
Scotland
Sport
1784 English cricket season
Events from the year
1784
in
Great Britain
.
Incumbents
Monarch
–
George III
Prime Minister
–
William Pitt the Younger
(
Tory
)
[1]
Events
15 January –
Henry Cavendish
's paper
Experiments on Air
reveals the composition of
water
.
[2]
28 February –
John Wesley
charters the
Methodist Church
.
[3]
8 March – Mary Bailey, a
mariticide
, becomes one of the last persons in Britain, convicted of murder, to be sentenced to be hanged, and their body burned. Mary Bailey and John Quin, accused of murdering Cornelius Bailey at Portsmouth, are both convicted and hanged at
Winchester
; Bailey claims her innocence to the end. After execution, Quin's body is handed to the surgeons for dissection, and Mary Bailey's body burned.
[4]
15 April –
general election
won by
William Pitt the Younger
's
Tory Party
.
[5]
20 May – a
treaty
is signed in
Paris
with the
Dutch Republic
formally ending the
Fourth Anglo-Dutch War
.
21 June –
Commutation Act
reduces duties on
spirits
and
tea
, and implements
window tax
.
[5]
1 August – the beginning of the driest twelve months in England and Wales for which reliable records exist – the
England and Wales Precipitation
totalled just 522.0 millimetres or 20.55 inches
[6]
– with a second successive extended, cold and dry winter from October to March
2 August – the first
mail coach
runs between
Bristol
and
London
.
[3]
13 August –
Parliament
passes
Pitt's India Act
(
An Act for the better Regulation and Management of the Affairs of the
East India Company
and of the British Possessions in India
).
[7]
It requires the governor-general to be chosen from outside the Company and makes company directors subject to parliamentary supervision.
16 August – Britain creates the colony of
New Brunswick
in
Canada
.
21 August –
Joseph Bramah
receives his first
lock
patent.
25 & 27 August – Scottish apothecary
James Tytler
makes the first
balloon
ascents in Britain, in a
hot air balloon
from
Edinburgh
.
15 September – the Italian
Vincenzo Lunardi
makes the first
hydrogen
balloon flight in Britain, from
Moorfields
in London to
South Mimms
.
[3]
4 October – the Englishman
James Sadler
makes the first hot air balloon flight in England, from
Oxford
to
Woodeaton
.
[8]
Undated
Britain receives its first bales of
cotton
imported from the
United States
.
Brick tax
introduced.
Industrial Revolution
:
Henry Cort
of
Funtley
,
Hampshire
, applies the coal-fired
reverbatory furnace
to the
puddling
process for conversion of
cast
to
wrought iron
[9]
and
Edmund Cartwright
designs his first
power loom
.
Publication of the
Annals of Agriculture
edited by
Arthur Young
begins.
Two long, severe winters following the eruption of the
Laki
volcano in Iceland produce the coldest weather since 1740 and eighth-coldest calendar year (mean
Central England temperature
7.82 °C or 46.08 °F) for which reliable records exist – this despite May 1784 being among the ten hottest in that record.
[10]
Births
28 January –
George Hamilton Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen
,
Prime Minister
(died 1860)
31 January –
Bernard Barton
, Quaker poet (died 1849)
12 March –
William Buckland
, geologist, palaeontologist and theologian (died 1856)
25 May –
John Frost
, Welsh-born
Chartist
leader (died 1877)
17 June –
Andrew Crosse
, 'gentleman scientist', pioneer experimenter in electricity and poet (died 1855)
18 August –
Robert Taylor
,
Radical
and
freethinker
(died 1844)
25 September –
Louisa Gurney Hoare
, diarist and writer on education (died 1836)
19 October –
Leigh Hunt
, critic, essayist and poet (died 1859)
20 October –
Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston
, Prime Minister (died 1865)
October –
Sarah Biffen
, painter (died 1850)
Hyde Parker
, Vice Admiral (died 1854)
Deaths
10 August –
Allan Ramsay
, painter (born 1713)
13 December –
Samuel Johnson
, writer and lexicographer (born 1709)
See also
1784 in Wales
References
^
"History of William Pitt 'The Younger' - GOV.UK"
.
www.gov.uk
. Retrieved
1 July
2023
.
^
Cavendish, Henry (1784).
"Experiments on Air"
.
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London
.
75
: 372–384.
doi
:
10.1098/rstl.1785.0023
.
JSTOR
106582
.
^
a
b
c
Penguin Pocket On This Day
. Penguin Reference Library. 2006.
ISBN
0-14-102715-0
.
^
Reading Mercury
, 22 Mar 1784, p.1;
"Timeline of capital punishment in Britain"
. Retrieved
2011-02-02
.
^
a
b
Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992).
The Chronology of British History
. London: Century Ltd. pp. 228–230.
ISBN
0-7126-5616-2
.
^
Lough, Janice; Wigley Tom and Jones, Phil; ‘Spatial patterns of precipitation in England and Wales and a revised homogeneous England and Wales precipitation series’; in
Journal of Climatology
; Volume 4, pp. 1–25 (1984)
^
Williams, Hywel (2005).
Cassell's Chronology of World History
. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp.
336–337
.
ISBN
0-304-35730-8
.
^
Hibbert, Christopher (1988). "Sadler's Balloon Ascents".
The Encyclopædia of Oxford
. London: Macmillan. pp. 370–1.
ISBN
0-333-39917-X
.
^
Gales, W.K.V. (1981).
Ironworking
. Princes Risborough. p. 8.
ISBN
0-85263-546-X
.
{{
cite book
}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
link
)
^
Hadley Centre Ranked Central England temperature.
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1784 in Europe
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