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The year 1673 in music involved some significant events.

• John Blow becomes organist of Westminster Abbey.
• Agostino Steffani begins his studies in Rome under Ercole Bernabei.
• Johann Michael Bach becomes organist and town clerk of Gehren.
• Robert Cambert arrives in Britain.
• Giovanni Maria Bononcini publishes his treatise, Musico prattico.
• Henry Purcell is apprenticed to the organist John Hingeston.

• Giovanni Maria Bononcini – Musico prattico, Op.8
• Erasmus Gruber – Synopsis musica
• Matthew Locke – The Present Practice of Musick

• Giovanni-Battista Agneletti – Gloria patri et filio et spiritui sancto
• Heinrich Ignaz Franz Biber - Battalia à 10^[1]
• Cristofaro Caresana – La Tarentella
• Marc-Antoine Charpentier
  • Ouverture et intermèdes, H.494
  • Symphonie devant Regina, H.509
  • Prélude, H.510
  • Prélude, H.512
• Agostino Guerrieri – 13 Sonatas, Op. 1
• Sebastien Knüpfer – Erforsche mich, Gott (May 14)
• Giovanni Legrenzi
  • Violin Duo and continuo^{[clarification needed]}
  • La Cetra (Op. 10), a collection of sonatas
• Matthew Locke – Melothesia
• Jean-Baptiste Lully – La pastorale comique, LWV 33

• Wolfgang Carl Briegel – Das verliebte Gespenst
• Jean-Baptiste Lully
  • Cadmus et Hermione
  • Alceste
• Antonio Sartorio – Orfeo
• Pietro Andrea Ziani – Marcello in Siracuse
• Matthew Locke – Psyche

• January 30 – Marc-Antoine Legrand, lyricist (died 1728)
• February 1 – Alessandro Marcello, composer (d. 1747)
• April 16 – Francesco Feroci, composer (d. 1750)
• June 18 – Antonio de Literes, composer of zarzuelas (died 1747)
• July 25 – Santiago de Murcia, guitarist and composer (died 1739)
• August 28 – Conrad Michael Schneider, composer (died 1752)
• September 29 – Jacques Hotteterre, composer (d. 1763)
• October 26 – Dimitrie Cantemir, composer, musicologist and polymath (d. 1723)
• date unknown – Johannes Kelpius, the first Pennsylvanian composer (died 1708)

• February 2 – Kaspar Förster, composer and musician (born by 1616)
• February 17 – Molière, opera librettist (born 1622)
• date unknown – Lemme Rossi, music theorist