Morbillivirus

Morbillivirus

Rinderpest-Virus

Systematik
Klassifikation: Viren
Realm: Riboviria[2][1]
Reich: Orthornavirae[1]
Phylum: Negarnaviricota
Subphylum: Haploviricotina
Klasse: Monjiviricetes
Ordnung: Mononegavirales
Familie: Paramyxoviridae
Gattung: Morbillivirus
Taxonomische Merkmale
Genom: (−)ssRNA linear
Baltimore: Gruppe 5
Symmetrie: helikal
Hülle: vorhanden
Wissenschaftlicher Name
Morbillivirus
Links
ICTV Taxon History: 201901612
NCBI Taxonomy: 11229
ViralZone (Expasy, SIB): 86
Schemazeichnung eines Virions der Gattung Morbillivirus (Querschnitt)
Genomkarte der Gattung Morbilli­virus

Morbillivirus ist eine Virus-Gattung der Familie Paramyxoviridae, Ordnung Mononegavirales. Es handelt sich um hochansteckende behüllte Viren mit einem helikalen Kapsid. Das Genom besteht aus einer einzelsträngigen, nicht-segmentierten RNA mit negativer Polarität (ss(−)RNA). Die Virushülle besitzt sogenannte Spikes, deren Glycoproteine Hämagglutinin-, Neuraminidase- und hämolytische Aktivität besitzen.

Die Virus-Replikation vollzieht sich im Zytoplasma und an der Zellmembran infizierter Zellen.

Morbilliviren sind meist empfindlich gegenüber Wärme, Austrocknung, fettlösenden Stoffen und den meisten Desinfektionsmitteln.

Systematik

Gattung Morbillivirus[3][4]

  • Spezies Morbillivirus canis (früher Canine morbillivirus) mit
  • Spezies Morbillivirus caprinae mit
  • Spezies Morbillivirus ceti mit
  • Spezies Morbillivirus felis mit
  • Spezies Morbillivirus hominis (früher Measles morbillivirus) mit
  • Spezies Morbillivirus pecoris (früher Rinderpest morbillivirus) mit
  • Spezies Morbillivirus phocae (früher Phocine morbillivirus) mit
    • Seehund-Staupevirus (en. Phocine distemper virus PDV)[17]
      • Subtyp Phocine distemper virus 1 (PDV-1)
      • Subtyp Phocine distemper virus 2 (PDV-2)
  • Spezies „Felines Morbillivirus 2“ („Feline morbillivirus 2“, FeMV 2)[18]
  • Spezies „Hawaiian cetacean morbillivirus“ (HMV)[19] (Buckelwal, Pottwal, Ostpazifischer Delfin, Subtyp von CeMV-1?[12])
  • Spezies „Cetacean morbillivirus 2“ (CeMV-2)[8]
  • Spezies „Fraser's dolphin morbillivirus“[20][9] – infiziert Lagenodelphis hosei (Borneodelfin)[9]

Literatur

  • Michael Rolle und Anton Mayr: Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Infektions- und Seuchenlehre. Enke-Verlag, 7. Auflage, 2007. ISBN 3-8304-1060-3. 10. Auflage

Einzelnachweise

  1. ↑ a b ICTV: ICTV Taxonomy history: Akabane orthobunyavirus, EC 51, Berlin, Germany, July 2019; Email ratification March 2020 (MSL #35)
  2. ↑ ICTV Master Species List 2018b.v2. MSL #34, März 2019
  3. ↑ ICTV: Taxonomy Browser.
  4. ↑ ICTV: Virus Metadata Resource (VMR).
  5. ↑ Researchers study catastrophic disease events in marine mammals auf EurekAlert! vom 19. Juni 2020
  6. ↑ NCBI: Cetacean morbillivirus (species)
  7. ↑ NCBI: Dolphin morbillivirus (no rank)
  8. ↑ a b c d e Francesco Mira, Consuelo Rubio-Guerri, Giuseppa Purpari, Roberto Puleio, Giulia Caracappa, Francesca Gucciardi, Laura Russotto, Guido Ruggero Loria, Annalisa Guercio: Circulation of a novel strain of dolphin morbillivirus (DMV) in stranded cetaceans in the Mediterranean Sea, in: Scientific Reports Band 9, Nr. 9792, 5. Juli 2019, doi:10.1038/s41598-019-46096-w (englisch).
  9. ↑ a b c d e f g Kristi L. West, Ilse Silva-Krott, Nelmarie Landrau-Giovannetti, Dave Rotstein, Jeremiah Saliki, Stephen Raverty, Ole Nielsen, Vsevolod L. Popov, Nicole Davis, William A. Walker, Kuttichantran Subramaniam & Thomas B. Waltzek: Novel cetacean morbillivirus in a rare Fraser’s dolphin (Lagenodelphis hosei) stranding from Maui, Hawai‘i, in: Nature Scientific Reports, Band 11, Nr. 15986, 9. August 2021, doi:10.1038/s41598-021-94460-6 (Erstbeschreibung), Phylogenie [1] Fig. 7. Dazu:
  10. ↑ NCBI: Longman's beaked whale morbillivirus (no rank)
  11. ↑ Jessica M. Jacob, Kristi L. West, Gregg Levine, Susan Sanchez, Brenda A. Jensen: Initial characterization of novel beaked whale morbillivirus in Hawaiian cetaceans, in: Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 117, S. 215–227, Inter-Research Science Publisher, 13. Januar 2016, doi:10.3354/dao02941
  12. ↑ a b Jessica M. Jacob, Brenda A. Jensen, Gregg A. Levine2, Kristi L. West: Screening and Characterization of Morbillivirus in Hawaiian Cetaceans, Infectious Disease I, IAAAM 2013, Veterinary Information Network, Inc.
  13. ↑ NCBI: Pilot whale morbillivirus (no rank)
  14. ↑ a b Wendy K. Jo, Jochen Kruppa, Andre Habierski, Marco van de Bildt, Sandro Mazzariol, Giovanni Di Guardo, Ursula Siebert, Thijs Kuiken, Klaus Jung, Albert Osterhaus, Martin Ludlow: Evolutionary evidence for multi-host transmission of cetacean morbillivirus, in: Emerg Microbes Infect. (2018) 7: 201, 5. Dezember 2018, doi:10.1038/s41426-018-0207-x, PMC 6279766 (freier Volltext), PMID 30514855
  15. ↑ NCBI: Porpoise morbillivirus (no rank)
  16. ↑ Gaya K. Amarasinghe, Yīmíng Bào, Jens H. Kuhn et al.: Taxonomy of the order Mononegavirales: update 2017, in: Virology Division News: Archives of Virology, Band 162, 7. April 2017, S. 2493–2504, doi:10.1007/s00705-017-3311-7 (englisch).
  17. ↑ NCBI: Phocine morbillivirus (species)
  18. ↑ NCBI: Feline morbillivirus type 2 (species)
  19. ↑ NCBI: Hawaiian cetacean morbillivirus (species)
  20. ↑ NCBI: Fraser's dolphin morbillivirus (species)

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