Eurypygiformes

Eurypygiformes

Sonnenralle (Eurypyga helias)

Systematik
Unterstamm: Wirbeltiere (Vertebrata)
Überklasse: Kiefermäuler (Gnathostomata)
Reihe: Landwirbeltiere (Tetrapoda)
Klasse: Vögel (Aves)
Ordnung: Eurypygiformes
Wissenschaftlicher Name
Eurypygiformes
Fürbringer, 1888

Die Eurypygiformes sind eine aufgrund molekulargenetischer Untersuchungen festgelegte Ordnung der Vögel, zu der nur zwei rezente Arten gehören, der Kagu (Rhynochetos jubatus) und die Sonnenralle (Eurypyga helias). Der Kagu lebt ausschließlich auf der Insel Neukaledonien, die Sonnenralle kommt in tropischen Regenwäldern in Mittel- und Südamerika vor. Beide Vögel werden etwa einen halben Meter lang, ernähren sich carnivor von Wirbellosen und kleinen Wirbeltieren und leben in permanenter Monogamie.

Systematik

Kagu und Sonnenralle stehen in eigenen monogenerischen Familien (Rhynochetidae und Eurypygidae), die traditionell den Kranichvögeln (Gruiformes) zugeordnet wurden. Innerhalb der Kranichvögel war die nähere Verwandtschaft aber immer umstritten. In jüngerer Zeit häufen sich die Hinweise, dass Kagu und Sonnenralle zwar Schwesterarten sind, aber mit den Kranichvögeln oder einer anderen Vogelordnung überhaupt nichts gemein haben.[1][2]

Die Zuordnung zu der neuen Ordnung Eurypygiformes wurde 2009 vom International Ornithological Committee und der American Ornithologists’ Union anerkannt.[3][4][5]

Möglicherweise müssen auch die fossilen Gattungen Messelornis und Aptornis den Eurypygiformes zugeordnet werden. Der Kagu und die Sonnenralle sind vielleicht die letzten Überreste einer einst viel größeren Klade von Vögeln, die auf Gondwana verbreitet war und durch das Auseinanderdriften der Kontinente getrennt wurde.[6][7]

Einzelnachweise

  1. ↑ Per G. P. Ericson et al.: Diversification of Neoaves: integration of molecular sequence data and fossils. Biol. Lett. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2006.0523
  2. ↑ Hackett et al.: A Phylogenomic Study of Birds Reveals Their Evolutionary History. Science 27 June 2008: Vol. 320. no. 5884, pp. 1763–1768 doi:10.1126/science.1157704
  3. ↑ Frank Gill and Minturn Wright: Birds of the World. Recommended English Names. Princeton University Press, 2006, ISBN 0713679042
  4. ↑ WorldBirdNames.org IOC World Bird List (Memento des Originals vom 22. Mai 2011 im Internet Archive)  Info: Der Archivlink wurde automatisch eingesetzt und noch nicht geprüft. Bitte prüfe Original- und Archivlink gemäß Anleitung und entferne dann diesen Hinweis.@1@2Vorlage:Webachiv/IABot/www.worldbirdnames.org
  5. ↑ AOU Committee on Classification and Nomenclature (North & Middle America) Proposals 2008-C (PDF; 109 kB)
  6. ↑ Bradley C. Livecey: A phylogenetic analysis of the Gruiformes (Aves) based on morphological characters, with an emphasis on the rails (Rallidae). Philosophical Trans. Royal Society London B (1998) 353, S. 2077–2151 doi:10.1098/rstb.1998.0353
  7. ↑ Alan Feduccia: The Origin and Evolution of the Birds. 2. Aufl., Yale University Press, New Haven/London, 1999, ISBN 0300078617 doi:10.1098/rstb.1998.0353
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