Direct Black 38

Strukturformel
Strukturformel C.I. Direct Black 38
Allgemeines
Name C.I. Direct Black 38
Andere Namen
  • Dinatrium-4-amino-3-[(E)-{4'-[(E)-(2,4-diaminophenyl)diazenyl]-4-biphenylyl}­diazenyl]-5-hydroxy-6-[(E)-phenyl­diazenyl]-2,7-naphthalindisulfonat (IUPAC)
  • Chlorazolschwarz E
  • Direkttiefschwarz E
  • Direkttiefschwarz EW
  • Direkttiefschwarz EAC
  • Azo Black
Summenformel C34H25N9Na2O7S2
Kurzbeschreibung

schwarzer Feststoff[1]

Externe Identifikatoren/Datenbanken
CAS-Nummer 1937-37-7
EG-Nummer 217-710-3
ECHA-InfoCard 100.016.101
PubChem 5284349
ChemSpider 17214995
Wikidata Q27096169
Eigenschaften
Molare Masse 781,74 g·mol−1
Aggregatzustand

fest[1]

Sicherheitshinweise
GHS-Gefahrstoffkennzeichnung aus Verordnung (EG) Nr. 1272/2008 (CLP),[2] ggf. erweitert[1]
Gefahrensymbol

Gefahr

H- und P-Sätze H: 350​‐​361d
P: 201​‐​280​‐​308+313[1]
Zulassungs­verfahren unter REACH

besonders besorgnis­erregend: krebs­erzeugend (CMR)[3]

Toxikologische Daten

7600 mg·kg−1 (LD50Ratteoral)[1]

Soweit möglich und gebräuchlich, werden SI-Einheiten verwendet.
Wenn nicht anders vermerkt, gelten die angegebenen Daten bei Standardbedingungen (0 °C, 1000 hPa).

Direct Black 38 (C.I. 30235)[4] ist ein Trisazofarbstoff aus der Klasse der Direktfarbstoffe.

Synthese und Eigenschaften

Die Synthese des Farbstoffs erfolgt durch Tetrazotierung von Benzidin und Kupplung auf m-Phenylendiamin und H-Säure im sauren pH-Bereich. Der entstandene Bisazofarbstoff wird mit diazotiertem Anilin unter alkalischen Bedingungen zum Endprodukt umgesetzt.[5]

Unter reduktiven Bedingungen können die Azogruppen gespalten und damit das karzinogene Benzidin freigesetzt werden. Daher wird auch Direct Black 38 als SVHC (Substances of Very High Concern, deutsch: „besonders besorgniserregende Stoffe“) eingestuft.

Verwendung

Direct Black 38 wurde in der Mikroskopie zum Anfärben von Pilzen und anderer biologischer Präparate eingesetzt.[6]

Regulierung

Über den Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement Act of 1986 besteht in Kalifornien seit dem 1. Januar 1988 eine Kennzeichnungspflicht, wenn Direct Black 38 in einem Produkt enthalten ist.[7]

Einzelnachweise

  1. a b c d e Eintrag zu Dinatrium-4-amino-3-((4'-((2,4-diaminophenyl)azo)(1,1'- biphenyl)-4-yl)azo)-5-hydroxy-6-(phenylazo)naphthalin-2,7- disulfonat Vorlage:Linktext-Check/Apostroph in der GESTIS-Stoffdatenbank des IFA, abgerufen am 3. Januar 2023. (JavaScript erforderlich)
  2. Eintrag zu C.I. Direct Black 38 im Classification and Labelling Inventory der Europäischen Chemikalienagentur (ECHA), abgerufen am 20. Januar 2019. Hersteller bzw. Inverkehrbringer können die harmonisierte Einstufung und Kennzeichnung erweitern.
  3. Eintrag in der SVHC-Liste der Europäischen Chemikalienagentur, abgerufen am 20. Januar 2019.
  4. World Dye Variety: Direct Black 38. Abgerufen am 14. Mai 2019.
  5. Hans Theodor Bucherer: Lehrbuch der Farbenchemie. 2. Auflage. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg 1921, S. 399 (eingeschränkte Vorschau in der Google-Buchsuche).
  6. W. Metheis: Chemische Reagenzien in der Hand des Mykologen 2. Mitt.: Einige Farbstoffe für die Mikroskopie. Zeitschrift für Pilzkunde, Dezember 1975, abgerufen am 19. Januar 2019.
  7. Direct Black 38 (Technical Grade). OEHHA, 1. Januar 1988, abgerufen am 1. Juni 2022 (englisch).

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