Georgeg

Georgeg
Enghraifft o'r canlynoliaith, iaith lenyddol, iaith fyw Edit this on Wikidata
MathKarto-Zan Edit this on Wikidata
Rhagflaenwyd ganOld Georgian Edit this on Wikidata
Yn cynnwysAdjarian dialect Edit this on Wikidata
Enw brodorolქართული ენა Edit this on Wikidata
Nifer y siaradwyr 
  • 3,700,000 (2014)
  • cod ISO 639-1ka Edit this on Wikidata
    cod ISO 639-2kat, geo Edit this on Wikidata
    cod ISO 639-3kat Edit this on Wikidata
    GwladwriaethGeorgia, Twrci, Rwsia, Iran, Aserbaijan, Armenia Edit this on Wikidata
    System ysgrifennuyr wyddor Georgeg, Braille Georgeg, Asomtavruli, Nuskhuri, Mkhedruli Edit this on Wikidata
    Tudalen Comin Ffeiliau perthnasol ar Gomin Wicimedia

    Iaith Gartfelaidd yw Georgeg (ქართული [kʰartʰuli]) a siaredir gan Georgiaid. Hi yw iaith swyddogol Georgia yn y Cawcasws. Mae ganddi ei hwyddor arbennig ei hun.

    Perthynas â ieithoedd eraill

    Mae Georgeg yn perthyn i deulu'r ieithoedd Cartfeleg - a hi yw'r iaith fwyaf adnabyddus yn y teulu, gyda'r nifer uchaf o siaradwyr. Ac eithrio theorïau amheus, does dim cysylltiad genynnol wedi ei brofi rhwng yr ieithoedd hyn ag unrhyw deulu arall yn y byd. O blith y ieithoedd Cartfelaidd eraill, yr ieithoedd Zan (Mingreleg a Lazeg) sydd â'r berthynas agosaf at Sioreg; mae ymchwil yn awgrymu iddyn nhw ymwahanu tua 2700 o flynyddoedd yn ôl. Mae'r iaith Sfaneg yn perthyn o bell hefyd, ond ymwahanodd Sfaneg a'r ieithoedd eraill oddeutu 4000 o flynyddoedd yn ôl.

    Yr wyddor Sioraidd

    Wyddor Georgeg o The American Cyclopædia, 1879
    Arwydd ffordd sy'n defnyddio'r wyddor Mtavruli (Georgeg) a'r wyddor Ladin
    "Mshrali khidi" (pont sych) arwydd ddwyieithog yn Georgeg ac Eidaleg yn Tbilisi.
    Yr wyddor Sioraidd gyfoes
    Llythyren Trawsgrifiad
    swyddogol
    Trawsgrifiad
    IPA
    a ɑ
    b b
    g ɡ
    d d
    e ɛ
    v v
    z z
    t
    i i
    k’
    l l
    m m
    n n
    o ɔ
    p’
    zh ʒ
    r r
    s s
    t’
    u u
    p
    k
    gh ɣ
    q’
    sh ʃ
    ch t͡ʃʰ
    ts t͡sʰ
    dz d͡z
    ts’ t͡sʼ
    ch’ t͡ʃʼ
    kh x
    j d͡ʒ
    h h

    Statws

    Georgeg yw iaith swyddogol Georgia. Yn Abchasia a De Osetia, mae'r sefyllfa'n wahanol, gyda'r llywodraethau sydd ohoni yn hyrwyddo Abchaseg Oseteg a Rwseg ar draul y Georgeg. Mae llywodraeth Abchasia yn honni hyrwyddo addysg yn Oseteg, ond mewn gwirionedd addysg cyfrwng Rwseg sydd ar gynydd yno.[1]

    Siaredir Georgeg mewn rhannau o Iran megis ardal Fereydan ger Isfahan, ond nid oes gan yr iaith unrhyw fath o statws swyddogol yno.

    Gweler hefyd

    Vladimir Mayakovsky

    Cyfeiriadau

    1. "Maria Gruzdeva ar ymylon Rwsia". pedwargwynt.cymru. Cyrchwyd 2021-09-18.
    Eginyn erthygl sydd uchod am iaith. Gallwch helpu Wicipedia drwy ychwanegu ato.
    Eginyn erthygl sydd uchod am Georgia. Gallwch helpu Wicipedia drwy ychwanegu ato.

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