Fluorid chromitý

Fluorid chromitý
Obecné
Systematický názevFluorid chromitý
Anglický názevChromium trifluoride
Chromium(III) fluoride
Německý názevChrom(III)-fluorid
Sumární vzorecCrF3
VzhledZelená krystalická látka
Identifikace
Registrační číslo CAS(bezvodý)
16671-27-5 (tri
hydrát)
123333-98-2 (tetrahydrát)&Units=SI 7788-97-8 (bezvodý)
16671-27-5 (trihydrát)
123333-98-2 (tetrahydrát)
PubChem10154021
SMILES[Cr+2].[F-].[F-].[F-]
[Cr+3].[F-].[F-].[F-]
InChIInChI=1S/Cr.3FH/h;3*1H/q+3;;;/p-3
1/Cr.3FH/h;3*1H/q+2;;;/p-3
1/Cr.3FH/h;3*1H/q+3;;;/p-3
Číslo RTECSGB6125000
Vlastnosti
Molární hmotnost108,991 3 g/mol (bezvodý)
163,037 g/mol (trihydrát)
181,050 g/mol (tetrahydrát)
Teplota tání1 100 °C (sublimuje)
Hustota3,800 g/cm3 (bezvodý)
2,200 g/cm3 (trihydrát)
Rozpustnost ve vodězanedbatelná (bezvodý)
mírně rozpustný (trihydrát)
Rozpustnost v polárních
rozpouštědlech
Nerozpustný v alkoholech
rozpustný v kyselině fluorovodíkové a chlorovodíkové
Struktura
Krystalová strukturaKosočtverečná
Bezpečnost
GHS05 – korozivní a žíravé látky
GHS05
GHS06 – toxické látky
GHS06
GHS07 – dráždivé látky
GHS07
GHS08 – látky nebezpečné pro zdraví
GHS08
GHS09 – látky nebezpečné pro životní prostředí
GHS09
[1]
Nebezpečí[1]
Není-li uvedeno jinak, jsou použity
jednotky SI a STP (25 °C, 100 kPa).

Některá data mohou pocházet z datové položky.

Fluorid chromitý je anorganická sloučenina se (vzorcem CrF3). Vytváří trihydrát, tetrahydrát a hexahydrát. Jedná se o v bezvodém stavu zelenou (trihydrát je také zelený a hexahydrát je fialový) krystalickou látku nerozpustnou v běžných rozpouštědlech, ovšem barevné hydráty [Cr(H2O)6]F3 a [Cr(H2O)6]F3.3H2O jsou rozpustné ve vodě.
Bezvodá forma sublimuje při 1 100–1 200 °C.

Příprava

Fluorid chromitý se vyrábí reakcí oxidu chromitého s kyselinou fluorovodíkovou[2]:

Cr2O3 + 6 HF + 9 H2O → 2 [Cr(H2O)6]F3.

Bezvodá forma se vyrábí reakcí fluorovodíku s chloridem chromitým[3]:

CrCl3 + 3 HF → CrF3 + 3 HCl.

Další možnou přípravou je termický rozklad hexafluorochromitanu amonného:[4]

[NH4]3[CrF6] → CrF3 + 3 NH3 + 3 HF

Použití

Fluorid chromitý se nepoužívá často, ovšem nachází použití jako mořidlo textilií a jako inhibitor koroze.

Reference

V tomto článku byl použit překlad textu z článku Chromium trifluoride na anglické Wikipedii.

  1. a b Chromium(III) fluoride. pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov [online]. PubChem [cit. 2021-05-23]. Dostupné online. (anglicky) 
  2. Gerd Anger, Jost Halstenberg, Klaus Hochgeschwender, Christoph Scherhag, Ulrich Korallus, Herbert Knopf, Peter Schmidt, Manfred Ohlinger, "Chromium Compounds" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2005.DOI:10.1002/14356007.a07_067
  3. Greenwood, N. N.; & Earnshaw, A. (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd Edn.), Oxford:Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 0-7506-3365-4.
  4. KEMNITZ, Erhard; MENZ, Dirk-Henning. Fluorinated metal oxides and metal fluorides as heterogeneous catalysts. Progress in Solid State Chemistry. 1998-01, roč. 26, čís. 2, s. 97–153. Dostupné online [cit. 2023-08-30]. DOI 10.1016/S0079-6786(98)00003-X. (anglicky) 

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