Pere I d'Alexandria

Plantilla:Infotaula personaPere d'Alexandria
Imatge
Visió de Pere d'Alexandria; icona russa
Biografia
NaixementΠέτρος (Pétros, Petrus)
segle III Modifica el valor a Wikidata
Alexandria (Egipte) Modifica el valor a Wikidata
Mort25 novembre 311 Modifica el valor a Wikidata
Alexandria (Egipte) Modifica el valor a Wikidata
Causa de mortpena de mort, decapitació Modifica el valor a Wikidata
17è Patriarca d'Alexandria
300 – 311
← Teonàs – Aquil·las → Modifica el valor a Wikidata
Dades personals
ReligióCristianisme Modifica el valor a Wikidata
Activitat
Ocupaciósacerdot Modifica el valor a Wikidata
PeríodeBaix Imperi Romà Modifica el valor a Wikidata
ProfessorsTeonàs Modifica el valor a Wikidata
Bisbe i màrtir
CelebracióEsglésies orientals antigues, Església Ortodoxa, Església Catòlica Romana, esglésies luteranes, Església Anglicana
Festivitat25 de novembre (catòlics); 1 Meixir (8 de febrer, coptes)
IconografiaRobes de bisbe grec

Pere I d'Alexandria (grec antic: Πέτρος, Pétros; llatí: Petrus) (Alexandria, segle iii - 25 de novembre de 311) fou bisbe d'Alexandria, successor de Teonàs en algun moment entre la Pasqua i el novembre del 300.[1][2] És venerat com a sant per la majoria d'esglésies cristianes.

Va exercir durant uns onze anys. No se sap segur si era nascut a Alexandria encara que és el més probable. Va estudiar a l'Escola d'Alexandria de la quan en va arribar a ser director.[3][4] Als tres anys d'ocupar la seu va començar la persecució de Dioclecià continuada pels seus successors i es va haver d'amagar anant d'un lloc a l'altre; va estar a Mesopotàmia, Fenícia i Palestina i a diverses illes; va ser empresonat finalment probablement sota Maximià II, però finalment fou alliberat.[5][6]

Probablement en la seva absència la seu havia estat ocupada per Meleci de Licòpolis al que llavors va deposar iniciant un cisma a l'església egípcia. Al novè any de la persecució, el 312, fou detingut altre cop per orde de Maximí Daia[7] i decapitat segons una crònica oriental de bisbes el 25 o 26 de novembre, que és la data en què modernament es commemora (25 a Rússia i 26 a la resta d'esglésies orientals).[8]

Va deixar escrites diverses obres:

  • 1. Περὶ μετανοίας λόγος, Sermo de Poenitentia
  • 2. Λόγος εἰς τὸ Πάσχα, Sermo in Sanctum Pascha.
  • 3. Περὶ θεότητος βιβλίον, Liber de Divinitate s. Deitate
  • 4. Περὶτη̂ς ἐπιδημίας του̂ Χριστου̂, Homilia de Adcenta Saluatoris s. Christi
  • 5, 6. ἐκ του̂ πρώτου λόγου περὶ του̂ μηδὲ προυπάρχειν τὴν ψυχὴν, μηδε ἁμαρτήσασαν του̂τυ εἰς τὸ σω̂μα βληθη̂ναι, Ex primo Sermone, de eo quod nec praeexstitit Anima, nec cum peccassct propterea in Corpus missa est, i, ἐκ τη̂ς μυσταγωγίας ἡ̂ς ἐποιήσατο πρὸς τὴν ἐκκλησίαν μέλλων τὸν του̂ μαρτυρίου στέφανον ἀναδέχεσθαι, Ex Mystagogia quam fecit ad Ecclesiam cum Martyrii Coronamt suscepturus esset
  • 7. Epistola S. Petri Episcopi ad Ecclesiam Alexandrinam
  • 8. διδασκαλία, Doctrina

Referències

  1. ↑ «St. Peter of Alexandria - Encyclopedia Volume - Catholic Encyclopedia» (en anglès). catholic.org. [Consulta: 3 abril 2022].
  2. ↑ Bacchus, FJ. «St. Peter of Alexandria». A: The Catholic Encyclopedia.. Robert Appleton Company., 1911. 
  3. ↑ Grant, Rorert M. «Early Alexandrian Christianity» (en anglès). Church History, 40, 2, 6-1971, pàg. 133–144. DOI: 10.2307/3162366. ISSN: 1755-2613.
  4. ↑ Hinge, George; Krasilnikoff, Jens A. Alexandria: A Cultural and Religious Melting Pot (en anglès). Aarhus University Press, 2009-12-31. ISBN 978-87-7934-745-8. 
  5. ↑ Hardy, E. R. «The Patriarchate of Alexandria: A Study in National Christianity» (en anglès). Church History, 15, 2, 6-1946, pàg. 81–100. DOI: 10.2307/3160398. ISSN: 1755-2613.
  6. ↑ Hillner, Julia. Prison, Punishment and Penance in Late Antiquity (en anglès). Cambridge University Press, 2015-06-05, p. 244. ISBN 978-1-316-29789-6. 
  7. ↑ Mango, Cyril. The Homilies of Photius, Patriarch of Constantinople: English Translation, Introduction and Commentary (en anglès). Wipf and Stock Publishers, 2018-01-04, p. 245. ISBN 978-1-7252-3923-4. 
  8. ↑ Severus of Al'Ashmunein (Hermopolis) «History of the Patriarchs of the Coptic church of Alexandria, Part 2, Chap. 6: Peter I, the seventeenth patriarch (300-311)». Patrologia Orientalis, 1904, pàg. 383–518.
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