Никита Хониат

Никита Хониат
византийски историк
Роден
1155 г.
Починал
1217 г. (62 г.)
Религияправославие
Научна дейност
ОбластИстория
Семейство
Братя/сестриМихаил Хониат

Никита Хониат (на гръцки: Νικήτας Χωνιάτης) е византийски историк и висш държавен служител от втората половина на ХІІ век. Автор е на „История“ (Χρονική Διήγησις) на Византия, обхващаща периода 1118 – 1206 г. - важен исторически извор и за историята на българските земи през Средновековието. Хониат е пряк свидетел и участник в някои от описваните събития.

Биография

Истинското му име е Никита Акоминат (Νικήτας Ακομινάτος). Роден е около средата на ХІІ век, в град Хон (Χωναί), Фригия, от чието име идва псевдонимът, с който е известен. Брат е на Михаил Хониат, митрополит на Атина. Получава добро образование в Атина[1] и по-късно става чиновник при двора на императорите Мануил I Комнин и Алексий II Комнин. Прави успешна кариера при Исак II Ангел, в чиито опити да попречи на освобождението на българите от византийска власт участва и той. Заема постовете: велик логотет (μέγας λογοθέτης) и началник на царските спални.

В 1189 г. е управител на тема Филипопол (Пловдив) и взема участие в преговорите с водача на Третия кръстоносен поход, император Фридрих I Барбароса.

Около 1204 г. е сенатор в Константинопол. Забягва в Никея, губейки цялото си имущество, когато столицата е превзета от участниците в Четвъртия кръстоносен поход. Служи при никейския император Теодор I Ласкарис. Тук завършва своята „История“.

Умира около 1215 – 1217 г.

Никита Хониат е автор и на реторически произведения и писма. Сред тях е „Реч, съставена за прочитане пред кир Теодор Ласкарис...“ написана в края на 1206 г. В нея под името Йоан Мизийски (по името на областта Мизия) е упоменат цар Калоян.[2]

В изкуството

В романа на Умберто Еко „Баудолино“ (2000 г.) един от персонажите е Никита Хониат, представен като доверен приятел на главния герой.

Външни препратки

Бележки

  1. ↑ Г.И.Б.И., Том IX, Никита Хониат, История, Издание на Българската Академия на Науките, С., 1983, стр.7
  2. ↑ Choniates, Nicetae. IA // Nicetae Choniates: Orationes et epistulae. Berolini et Novi Eboraci, 1972. с. 106. (на латински)

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