Мекиберна

Мекиберна
Μηκύβερνα
Карта на Халкидики с местоположението на Мекиберна
Карта на Халкидики с местоположението на Мекиберна
Местоположение
40.2783° с. ш. 23.3961° и. д.
Мекиберна
Местоположение в Гърция
Страна Гърция
ДемПолигирос
Археология
Видград
ЕпохаАнтичност

Мекиберна (на старогръцки: Μηκύβερνα, новогръцко произношение Микиверна) е античен гръцки град, чиито останки се намират на територията на днешна Северна Гърция, Халкидическия полуостров, част от дем Полигирос в административна област Централна Македония. Развалините на Мекиберна са на 1 km югоизточно от днешното село Каливес Полигиру. Мекиберна е независимо пристанище на Олинт[1] на Торонийския залив.[2]

История

Мекиберна, чието име изглежда е от преди елинизма, не е основана като гръцка колония. Когато в VII век пр. Хр. тракийското племе ботеи (Βοττιαῖοι, Bottiaei) е изгонено от македоните от територията на Термайския залив и се заселва на Халкидика, основавайки Олинт, най-вероятно не прогонва местните хора, а заживява заедно с тях. В този смисъл историята на Мекиберна е сходна с тази на Олинт.[3]

По време на Пелопонеската война Мекиберна е завладяна от Атина и атиняните разполагат свой гарнизон на пристанището. Въпреки присъствието на атински гарнизон, Мекиберна е нападната и завзета от Олинт през зимата на 421 година пр. Хр.[4][5]

В 348 г. пр. Хр. цар Филип II Македонски предприема кампания в Халкидики и завзема ключовото пристанище Мекиберна, с което Олинт е изключително затруднен в получаването на подкрепления от Атина.[6] След това Олинт e разрушен от Филип II Македонски.[3]

Литература

  • Mylonas, G. Excavations at Mecyberna 1934, 1938, American Journal of Archaeology, 1943.

Бележки

  1. ↑ Сайт на дем Полигирос
  2. ↑ Страбон, География, книга 7, Фрагменти, 29.
  3. ↑ а б Tsetskhladze, Gocha R. Greek Colonisation: An Account of Greek Colonies and Other Settlements Overseas, vol. 2, Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, 2008, p. 49. ISBN 978-90-04-15576-3
  4. ↑ Robert B. Strassler, The Landmark Thucydides: A Comprehensive Guide to the Peloponnesian War, 1996, Map 5.35, 5.39. ISBN 978-0-684-82790-2
  5. ↑ Тукидид, V 18.
  6. ↑ Richard A. Gabriel. Philip II of Macedonia: Greater Than Alexander, Potomac Books Inc. 2010, p. 152.
     Портал „Македония“         Портал „Македония“    

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