Брунтал

Брунтал
Bruntál
— град —
Знаме
      
Герб
Историческият център на града
Историческият център на града
Чехия
49.9884° с. ш. 17.4648° и. д.
Брунтал
Моравско-силезки край
49.9884° с. ш. 17.4648° и. д.
Брунтал
Страна Чехия
КрайМоравско-силезки край
ОкръгБрунтал
Площ29,34 km²
Надм. височина547 m
Население16 925 души (2013)
577 души/km²
КметПетър Рис
Основаваневероятно 1210 г.
Първо споменаване1213 г.
Пощенски код792 01
МПС кодT
Часова зонаUTC+1:00
Официален сайтmubruntal.cz
Брунтал в Общомедия

Брунтал (на чешки: Bruntál; на немски: Freudenthal,[1] Фройдентал) е град в Моравско-силезкия край на Чехия, административен център на едноименния окръг. Населението му е 16 925 жители (2013 г.).[2]

История

За първи път градът се споменава в документ, издаден от бохемския крал Пшемисъл Отокар I през 1223 г.[3] В него владетелят потвърждава правата на град Уничов, дадени му около 10 години по-рано от брат му, маркграф Владислав Индржих; и в същото време му дава Магдебургски права: ...Quas habent Cives nostri de Froudenthal („...Както хората ни (поданиците ни) от Фройдентал“). Поради това се смята, че градът трябва да е основан малко преди Уничов, вероятно около 1210 г. Така Брунтал институционално е най-старият град на територията на днешна Чехия (като първото селище, получило Магдебургско право). До 1352 г. градът е мястото на апелативен съд за всички градове в Северна Моравия (включително Оломоуц и Опава), ползващи се от подобни права.[4][5]

Ръстът на града през Средновековието е свързан с това, че в околностите му се добиват ценни метали.

Първоначално Брунтал влиза в Маркграфство Моравия, но в края на 13 – началото на 14 век преминава под контрола на Опавското княжество. По време на Тридесетгодишната война император Фердинанд II конфискува града от предните му владетели заради поддръжката на противниковата страна, и го предава на брат си Карл I, който е Велик магистър на Тевтонския орден. От 1625 г. в града е учредено лейтенантство на Ордена.

След Първата световна война, в резултат на разпадането на Австро-Унгария, градът влиза в границите на Чехословакия.

Побратимени градове

Източници

  1. ↑ Hosák, Ladislav. Historický místopis země Moravskoslezské. Academia. Praha. 2004. стр. 848. ISBN 80-200-1225-7
  2. ↑ Počet obyvatel v obcích České republiky k 1. 1. 2013 // Архивиран от оригинала на 2013-11-15. Посетен на 2014-10-15.
  3. ↑ Gustav Friedrich. Codex diplomaticus et epistolaris regni Bohemiae. Praha. 1912. стр. 237 – 239.
  4. ↑ Niesner 2012, part 1.
  5. ↑ Wihoda 1998, p. 23, 25, and 27.

Външни препратки

     Портал „География“         Портал „География“          Портал „Чехия“         Портал „Чехия“    

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