Zodiac (cipher)

Zodiac
General
Designers	Chang-Hyi Lee
First published	2000
Derived from	SAFER, SHARK
Related to	Xenon
Cipher detail
Key sizes	128, 192, or 256 bits
Block sizes	128 bits
Structure	Feistel network
Rounds	16
Best public cryptanalysis
Impossible differential cryptanalysis recovers 128-bit key in 2¹¹⁹ encryptions

In cryptography, Zodiac is a block cipher designed in 2000 by Chang-Hyi Lee for the Korean firm SoftForum.

Zodiac uses a 16-round Feistel network structure with key whitening. The round function uses only XORs and S-box lookups. There are two 8×8-bit S-boxes: one based on the discrete exponentiation 45^x as in SAFER, the other using the multiplicative inverse in the finite field GF(2⁸), as introduced by SHARK.

Zodiac is theoretically vulnerable to impossible differential cryptanalysis, which can recover a 128-bit key in 2¹¹⁹ encryptions.

References

Zodiac Technical Material (PDF) at the Wayback Machine (archive index)
Deukjo Hong; Jaechul Sung; Shiho Moriai; Sangjin Lee & Jongin Lim (April 2001). Impossible Differential Cryptanalysis of Zodiac. 8th International Workshop on Fast Software Encryption (FSE 2001). Yokohama: Springer-Verlag. pp. 300–311. doi:10.1007/3-540-45473-X_25. ISBN 9783540438694. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-12-13. Retrieved 2007-09-14.

HONG D, SUNG J, MORIAI S, LEE S, LIM J (2002). "Cryptography and Information Security. Impossible Differential Cryptanalysis of Zodiac". IEICE Transactions on Fundamentals of Electronics, Communications and Computer Sciences. E85-A (1): 38–43.
Wen Ji & Lei Hu (2008). "Square Attack on Reduced-Round Zodiac Cipher". Information Security Practice and Experience. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Vol. 4991. Springer. pp. 377–391. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-79104-1_27. ISBN 978-3-540-79103-4.

v t e Block ciphers (security summary)
Common algorithms	AES Blowfish DES (internal mechanics, Triple DES) Serpent SM4 Twofish
Less common algorithms	ARIA Camellia CAST-128 GOST IDEA LEA RC5 RC6 SEED Skipjack TEA XTEA
Other algorithms	3-Way Adiantum Akelarre Anubis Ascon BaseKing BassOmatic BATON BEAR and LION CAST-256 Chiasmus CIKS-1 CIPHERUNICORN-A CIPHERUNICORN-E CLEFIA CMEA Cobra COCONUT98 Crab Cryptomeria/C2 CRYPTON CS-Cipher DEAL DES-X DFC E2 FEAL FEA-M FROG G-DES Grand Cru Hasty Pudding cipher Hierocrypt ICE IDEA NXT Intel Cascade Cipher Iraqi Kalyna KASUMI KeeLoq KHAZAD Khufu and Khafre KN-Cipher Kuznyechik Ladder-DES LOKI (97, 89/91) Lucifer M6 M8 MacGuffin Madryga MAGENTA MARS Mercy MESH MISTY1 MMB MULTI2 MultiSwap New Data Seal NewDES Nimbus NOEKEON NUSH PRESENT Prince Q RC2 REDOC Red Pike S-1 SAFER SAVILLE SC2000 SHACAL SHARK Simon Speck Spectr-H64 Square SXAL/MBAL Threefish Treyfer UES xmx XXTEA Zodiac
Design	Feistel network Key schedule Lai–Massey scheme Product cipher S-box P-box SPN Confusion and diffusion Round Avalanche effect Block size Key size Key whitening (Whitening transformation)
Attack (cryptanalysis)	Brute-force (EFF DES cracker) MITM Biclique attack 3-subset MITM attack Linear (Piling-up lemma) Differential Impossible Truncated Higher-order Differential-linear Distinguishing (Known-key) Integral/Square Boomerang Mod n Related-key Slide Rotational Side-channel Timing Power-monitoring Electromagnetic Acoustic Differential-fault XSL Interpolation Partitioning Rubber-hose Black-bag Davies Rebound Weak key Tau Chi-square Time/memory/data tradeoff
Standardization	AES process CRYPTREC NESSIE NSA Suite B CNSA
Utilization	Initialization vector Mode of operation Padding

v t e Cryptography
General	History of cryptography Outline of cryptography Classical cipher Cryptographic protocol Authentication protocol Cryptographic primitive Cryptanalysis Cryptocurrency Cryptosystem Cryptographic nonce Cryptovirology Hash function Cryptographic hash function Key derivation function Secure Hash Algorithms Digital signature Kleptography Key (cryptography) Key exchange Key generator Key schedule Key stretching Keygen Machines Cryptojacking malware Ransomware Random number generation Cryptographically secure pseudorandom number generator (CSPRNG) Pseudorandom noise (PRN) Secure channel Insecure channel Subliminal channel Encryption Decryption End-to-end encryption Harvest now, decrypt later Information-theoretic security Plaintext Codetext Ciphertext Shared secret Trapdoor function Trusted timestamping Key-based routing Onion routing Garlic routing Kademlia Mix network
Mathematics	Cryptographic hash function Block cipher Stream cipher Symmetric-key algorithm Authenticated encryption Public-key cryptography Quantum key distribution Quantum cryptography Post-quantum cryptography Message authentication code Random numbers Steganography
Category

This cryptography-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

Read other articles:

Calendrier berbère

Le calendrier berbère est un calendrier utilisé par les Berbères en Afrique du Nord. Il est employé pour régler les travaux agricoles saisonniers. Le calendrier berbère présente des similitudes avec le calendrier julien par le décalage hérité de la réforme du calendrier grégorien[1]. Ce calendrier, notamment la numérotation des années (le calendrier est décalé de 950 années par rapport à l’ère commune : 2023 de l’ère commune correspond à 2973 du calendrier berbè...

Noh Sa-yeon

Ini adalah nama Korea; marganya adalah Noh. Noh Sa-yeonNoh Sa-yeon ketika bernyanyi dalam perayaan Hari KemerdekaanInformasi latar belakangNama lahir노사연Lahir3 Maret 1957 (umur 67)Changwon, Korea SelatanGenreK-popPekerjaanPenyanyi, Pembawa acaraTahun aktif1978 - sekarang Noh Sa-yeon (Hangul: 노사연; lahir 3 Maret 1957) adalah seorang penyanyi dan pembawa acara televisi asal Korea Selatan. Dia juga menjadi pembawa acara pada program radio 2 o'clock Manse dari tahun 2004 h...

Mimarachnidae

Extinct family of true bugs MimarachnidaeTemporal range: Barremian–Turonian PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N Mimaplax ekrypsan Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Arthropoda Class: Insecta Order: Hemiptera Suborder: Auchenorrhyncha Infraorder: Fulgoromorpha Superfamily: Fulgoroidea Family: †MimarachnidaeShcherbakov, 2007 Genera See text Mimarachnidae is an extinct family of planthoppers known from the Cretaceous period. Their name is derived from spots on ...

Lord Sinclair

British noble title Arms of Lord Sinclair: Argent, a cross engrailed azure. Lord Sinclair is a title in the Peerage of Scotland. According to James Balfour Paul's The Scots Peerage, volume VII published in 1910, the first person to be styled Lord Sinclair was William Sinclair, 3rd Earl of Orkney and 1st Earl of Caithness (died 1480).[1] However, according to Roland Saint-Clair writing in the late 19th century, William Sinclair's father, Henry II Sinclair, Earl of Orkney, who died in 1...

Daftar Bupati Luwu Utara

Bupati Luwu UtaraPetahanaIndah Putri Indrianisejak 17 Februari 2016KediamanRumah Jabatan Bupati Luwu UtaraJl. Simpurusiang Masamba No. 27Masa jabatan5 tahunDibentuk1999Pejabat pertamaM. Luthfi A. Mutty Berikut ini adalah daftar bupati Luwu Utara yang menjabat sejak pembentukannya pada tahun 1999. No Potret Bupati Mulai menjabat Akhir menjabat Partai Wakil Bupati Periode Ref. 1 M. Luthfi A. Mutty 2000 2004 N/A 1 2005 2009 Arifin Junaidi 2 2 Arifin Junaidi 3 November 2010 3 N...

Cambisol

Type of soil Calcaric Cambisol (Humic) profile in Des'a forest in Ethiopia A Cambisol in the World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB)[1] is a soil in the beginning of soil formation. The horizon differentiation is weak. This is evident from weak, mostly brownish discolouration and/or structure formation in the soil profile. Distribution of Cambisols Cambisols are developed in medium and fine-textured materials derived from a wide range of rocks, mostly in alluvial, colluvial and ...

Kiribati

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Kiribati – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (October 2023) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)Country in the central Pacific Ocean For other uses, see Kiribati (disambiguation). Independent and Sovereign Republic of KiribatiKiribati&...

بروتين معدل لنشاط المستقبل 1

RAMP1 التراكيب المتوفرة بنك بيانات البروتينOrtholog search: PDBe RCSB قائمة رموز معرفات بنك بيانات البروتين 2YX8, 3N7P, 3N7R, 3N7S, 4RWG المعرفات الأسماء المستعارة RAMP1, entrez:10267, receptor activity modifying protein 1 معرفات خارجية الوراثة المندلية البشرية عبر الإنترنت 605153 MGI: MGI:1858418 HomoloGene: 4275 GeneCards: 10267 علم الوجود الجي�...

Pornography laws by region

Legality of pornography This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages) This article may need to be rewritten to comply with Wikipedia's quality standards. You can help. The talk page may contain suggestions. (May 2021) This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged an...

Leptuca panacea

Species of crab Leptuca panacea Gulf sand fiddler crab Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Arthropoda Class: Malacostraca Order: Decapoda Suborder: Pleocyemata Infraorder: Brachyura Family: Ocypodidae Subfamily: Gelasiminae Tribe: Minucini Genus: Leptuca Species: L. panacea Binomial name Leptuca panacea(Novak and Salmon, 1974) Leptuca panacea, commonly known as the Gulf sand fiddler crab or the Panacea sand fiddler, is a species of fiddler crab native to...

John Quijada

John QuijadaGambar John Quijada pada laman web Komunitas Bahasa Buatan (bahasa Inggris: Language Creation Society).Lahir1959 (umur 64–65)Los Angeles, Amerika Serikat[1]AlmamaterUniversitas California[1][2]PekerjaanPembuat bahasa buatanDikenal atasBahasa Ithkuil Bahasa IthkuilKata Iţkuîl yang dituliskan dalam sistem penulisan bahasa Ithkuil lama Pembuat John Quijada Ithkuil I (Iţkuîl) Fonologi Morfofonologi Morfologi Sederhana Kasus Verba Tata bahasa...

Shark tunnel

Shark Tunnel at the Georgia Aquarium A shark tunnel (or aquarium tunnel, acrylic tunnel and exhibit tunnel) is an underwater tunnel that passes through an aquarium, typically with sharks and related aquatic life. They are usually made of thick acrylic glass.[1] Most aquarium tunnels are cylindrical in shape, though tunnels can be made elliptical (to make them wider and still keep the top of the tunnel closer to the visitors), or even square.[2] List of aquariums with shark tun...

A New Beginning (speech)

2009 speech by U.S. President Barack Obama U.S. President Barack Obama speaking at Cairo University on 4 June 2009 A New Beginning is the name of a speech delivered by United States President Barack Obama on 4 June 2009, from the Major Reception Hall at Cairo University in Egypt. Al-Azhar University co-hosted the event. The speech honors a promise Obama made during his 2008 presidential campaign to give a major address to Muslims from a Muslim capital during his first few months as president....

Imperial Japanese Army Academy

Defunct office training school in Tokyo, JapanImperial Japanese Army Academy, Tokyo 1907 The Imperial Japanese Army Academy (陸軍士官学校, Rikugun Shikan Gakkō) was the principal officer's training school for the Imperial Japanese Army. The programme consisted of a junior course for graduates of local army cadet schools and for those who had completed four years of middle school, and a senior course for officer candidates. History and background Established as the Heigakkō in 1868 in ...

Aaron Arrowsmith

Aaron Arrowsmith BiografiKelahiran14 Juli 1750 Winston (en) Kematian28 April 1823 (72 tahun)London KegiatanSpesialisasiKartografi Pekerjaankartografer, publisher (en) Murid dariJohn Cary (en) Aaron Arrowsmith (14 Juli 1750 – 23 April 1823)[1] adalah seorang ahli kartografi, pemahat, penerbit, dan anggota dari keluarga ahli geografi Arrowsmith. Sekitar umur dua puluh tahun ia berpindah dari Winston, County Durham menuju ke Lapangan Soho dan dipekerjakan John Cary (p...

Georgios Roilos

Georgios Roilos, potret diri Georgios Roilos (bahasa Yunani: Γεώργιος Ροϊλός; 1 Januari 1867 – 28 Agustus 1928) adalah salah satu pelukis Yunani yang paling penting dan berpengaruh pada akhir abad ke-19-awal abad ke-20. Dia milik apa yang disebut Munich School. Karya utamanya meliputi topik sejarah, potret, dan adegan kehidupan sehari-hari. Salah satu lukisannya yang paling terkenal adalah The Poets, yang menggambarkan beberapa perwakilan terpenting dari seko...

Estación de Santa Lucía (Metrorrey)

Santa Lucía UbicaciónCoordenadas 25°40′17″N 100°17′55″O / 25.6714, -100.29855Dirección Av. Félix U. Gómez entre Tacuba y Gregorio Torres, Colonia Centro.Localidad Monterrey, Nuevo León, MéxicoDatos de la estaciónInauguración 27 de febrero de 2021Servicios N.º de andenes 2N.º de vías 2Operador MetrorreyServicios detalladosPosición ElevadaLíneasLínea(s) Línea 3 General I. Zaragoza Dirección a Universidad ← → Colonia Obrera Dirección a Hospital Met...

George Vancouver

English naval explorer (1757–1798) George VancouverA portrait from the late 18th century by an unknown artist believed to depict George VancouverBorn(1757-06-22)22 June 1757King's Lynn, Norfolk, EnglandDied10 May 1798(1798-05-10) (aged 40)Petersham, Surrey, EnglandAllegianceGreat BritainService/branchRoyal NavyRankCaptainCommands heldHMS Discovery (Vancouver Expedition, 1791–1795)Signature Captain George Vancouver (22 June 1757 – 10 May 1798) was a British Royal Navy officer b...

WDKE (FM)

Radio station in Coleraine, MinnesotaWDKEColeraine, MinnesotaBroadcast areaIron RangeFrequency96.1 MHzBranding96.1 Duke FMProgrammingFormatClassic countryOwnershipOwnerDuey E. Wright(Midwest Communications, Inc.)Sister stationsWEVE-FM, WMFG, WMFG-FM, WNMT, WTBX, WUSZHistoryFirst air dateJuly 1, 1995 (1995-07-01)[1] (as KGPZ)Former call signsKGPZ (1995–2017)Call sign meaningDuKE FMTechnical information[2]Licensing authorityFCCFacility ID36688ClassC1ERP100,000 w...

Siege of Paris (1429)

1429 battle of the Hundred Years' War For other sieges of Paris, see Siege of Paris (disambiguation). This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Siege of Paris 1429 – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (September 2018) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Siege of Paris (1429)Part o...

PROFILPELAJAR.COM