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Yuanjiang

元江县 · *Lalsa xeif*
Yuanjiang 元江县 · Lalsa xeif
Autonomous county
	元江哈尼族彝族傣族自治县; Lalsa Haqniqssaq Haqhholssaq Aqcaoqssaq Ziiqziifxeif; Yuanjiang Hani, Yi and Dai Autonomous County
	Cityscape of county town Lianchi Park Main hall of Maiolian Temple Yuanjiang Conference center Red River Large Bridge
	Location of Yuanjiang County jurisdiction (red) within Yuxi City (pink) and Yunnan
	Yuanjiang Location of the county seat in Yunnan
	Coordinates (Yuanjiang government): 23°35′46″N 101°59′53″E / 23.596°N 101.998°E
Country	China
Province	Yunnan
Prefecture-level city	Yuxi
County seat	Lijiang Subdistrict
Area
• Total	2,858 km2 (1,103 sq mi)
Elevation	396 m (1,299 ft)
Population (2020 census)
• Total	195,647
• Density	68/km2 (180/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+8 (China Standard)
Postal code	653300
Area code	0877
Website	www.yjx.gov.cn

Yuanjiang Hani, Yi and Dai Autonomous County (Chinese: 元江哈尼族彝族傣族自治县; pinyin: Yuánjiāng Hānízú Yízú Dǎizú Zìzhìxiàn; Hani: Lalsa Haqniqssaq Haqhholssaq Aqcaoqssaq Ziiqziifxeif) is a county of south-central Yunnan province, People's Republic of China. The county seat is the town of Lijiang (澧江镇), while the county itself is under the administration of Yuxi City. It derives its name from the Red River (Asia),^[2] which is known as the Yuan River (元江) in Yunnan, and is an important provincial crossroads for access to Southeast Asia.

Administrative divisions

Yuanjiang Hani, Yi and Dai Autonomous County has 3 subdistricts, 2 towns and 5 townships.^[3]

3 subdistricts

Honghe (红河街道)
Lijiang (澧江街道)
Ganzhuang (甘庄街道)

2 towns

Manlai (曼来镇)
Yinyuan (因远镇)

5 townships

Longtan (龙潭乡)
Yangjie (羊街乡)
Nanuo (那诺乡)

Wadie (洼垤乡)
Mili (咪哩乡)

Climate

Due to its location at the bottom of a deep mountainous river valley, Yuanjiang lies at the junction of two different climate types, namely the tropical savanna climate (Köppen Aw) and, uniquely for China, the hot subtype of a semi-arid climate (Köppen Bsh). There are two main seasons: a dry season lasting from late November to early April, with mostly warm and dry weather (and the occasional cold snap) and the wet season covering May through September. The coolest month is December, which averages 18.7 °C (65.7 °F), and the hottest is June, at 30.2 °C (86.4 °F).

Climate data for Yuanjiang, elevation 401 m (1,316 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1971–present)
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Record high °C (°F)	35.2 (95.4)	37.0 (98.6)	39.2 (102.6)	40.9 (105.6)	44.1 (111.4)	41.7 (107.1)	41.6 (106.9)	40.1 (104.2)	39.8 (103.6)	38.3 (100.9)	36.4 (97.5)	32.7 (90.9)	44.1 (111.4)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	24.2 (75.6)	27.6 (81.7)	31.6 (88.9)	34.5 (94.1)	35.0 (95.0)	35.1 (95.2)	34.1 (93.4)	34.0 (93.2)	33.2 (91.8)	30.6 (87.1)	27.6 (81.7)	24.4 (75.9)	31.0 (87.8)
Daily mean °C (°F)	16.7 (62.1)	19.1 (66.4)	23.1 (73.6)	26.4 (79.5)	28.2 (82.8)	29.3 (84.7)	28.6 (83.5)	28.0 (82.4)	27.0 (80.6)	24.6 (76.3)	20.3 (68.5)	17.4 (63.3)	24.1 (75.3)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	11.9 (53.4)	13.4 (56.1)	17.1 (62.8)	20.4 (68.7)	23.1 (73.6)	25.3 (77.5)	25.1 (77.2)	24.4 (75.9)	23.2 (73.8)	20.8 (69.4)	16.0 (60.8)	13.0 (55.4)	19.5 (67.1)
Record low °C (°F)	2.8 (37.0)	6.4 (43.5)	6.1 (43.0)	12.0 (53.6)	14.9 (58.8)	18.7 (65.7)	20.2 (68.4)	20.3 (68.5)	15.5 (59.9)	9.9 (49.8)	7.1 (44.8)	−0.1 (31.8)	−0.1 (31.8)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	24.2 (0.95)	17.7 (0.70)	20.7 (0.81)	53.0 (2.09)	93.5 (3.68)	123.2 (4.85)	140.9 (5.55)	128.9 (5.07)	73.9 (2.91)	71.9 (2.83)	39.8 (1.57)	14.6 (0.57)	802.3 (31.58)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm)	4.4	3.8	4.9	8.6	12.7	14.6	16.9	16.1	11.5	10.8	5.6	3.7	113.6
Average relative humidity (%)	67	61	57	58	62	67	72	74	73	72	74	70	67
Mean monthly sunshine hours	196.9	211.1	231.7	240.1	220.9	169.1	151.5	175.2	175.2	163.9	190.5	182.3	2,308.4
Percent possible sunshine	58	66	62	63	54	42	37	44	48	46	58	55	53
Source 1: China Meteorological Administration^[4]^[5]all-time extreme temperature^[6]
Source 2: Weather China^[2]

Ethnic groups

Hani

The Yuanjiang County Gazetteer (1993:81) lists the following Hani subgroups.

Hani 哈尼 (autonyms: Hani 哈尼, Nuomei 糯美, Nuobi 糯比)
Haoni 豪尼 (exonyms: Haoni 豪尼, Duota 多塔, Asuo 阿梭, Budu 布都, Kaduo 卡多, Biyue 碧约, Ximoluo 西摩洛, Baihong 白宏)

A Hani variety called ɣa21 lo55 (orthography: Hhalo; also known as Angluo) is also spoken in Yuanjiang County.^[7]

The Duoke 堕课 subgroup of the Hani people are located in two hamlets of Xiaogancha 小甘岔^[8] and Xinzhai 新寨^[9] villages near Mili Village 咪哩村 (Li & Minta 2016:8).^[10]

Yi

The Yuanjiang County Gazetteer (1993:89) lists the following Yi subgroups.

Niesu 聂苏
Shansu 山苏
Bula 卜拉
Lalu 腊鲁

Dai

The Yuanjiang County Gazetteer (1993:94) lists the following Dai subgroups and their respective locations.

Dai Le 傣泐 (Water Dai 水傣): Manlai 曼来, Mandan 曼但, Manyang 曼漾, Manfei 曼费, Manzhangna 曼章那, Manliangfei 曼梁费, Linliang 琳琅, Doulang 都郎, Xiaoyan 小燕, Longtan 龙潭, Zhega 者嘎, Lijiang 澧江
Dai Zhong 傣仲 (Large-Headed Flowery-Waist Dai 大头花腰傣): Dashuiping 大水平, Dabaitian 大白田, Longdong 龙洞, Nalu 那路, Lizhishu 荔枝树, Dalu Xinzhai 大路新寨, Nawai 那整, Shagoutou 沙沟头
Dai Ya 傣雅 (Small-Headed Flowery-Waist Dai 小头花腰傣): Ximencun 西门村, Lvlintian 绿林田, Tincun 新村, Shuanggao 双高, Gaokan 高坎, Xiaohongmiao 小红庙
Dai De 傣得 (Dong'e Flowery-Waist Dai 东峨花腰傣): Dong'eba 东峨坝
Dai Zhang 傣涨 (Ganzhuang Flowery-Waist Dai 甘庄花腰傣): Ganzhuangba 甘庄坝
Dai Ka 傣卡 (Chinese Dai 汉傣): Cuoke 撮科, Nancha 南岔, Nanma 南马, Nansa 南洒, Reshuitang 热水塘, Xizhuang 西庄
Dai Lang 傣郎 (Black Dai 黑傣): Gaozhai 高寨, Yangmahe 养马河

Bai

The Yuanjiang County Gazetteer (1993:100) lists the following locations for ethnic Bai.

Yinyuan District 因远区: Sanjia 三甲, Anren 安仁, Anding 安定, Shapu 沙铺, Beize 北泽, Tingqing 廷庆, Benkang 奔扛, Malucun 马鹿村, Budie 补垤

Languages

Bai (2010:148)^[11] lists the following languages spoken in Yinyuan Town 因远镇, Yuanjiang County.

Baihong language: in Wulong 乌龙^[12]
Suobi language: in Yuga 玉嘎^[13]
Honi language: in Anding Xinzhai 安定新寨^[14]
Biyo language: in Cangfang 仓房^[15]
Bai language: in Anren 安仁^[16]
Southwestern Mandarin: in Yinyuanjie 因远街^[17]

Transport

China National Highway 213

References

^ "玉溪市第七次全国人口普查主要数据公报" (in Chinese). Government of Yuxi. 2021-05-28.
^ ^a ^b 元江城市介绍 (in Simplified Chinese). Weather China. Retrieved 2012-12-20.
^ "国家统计局" (in Chinese). National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China. Retrieved 2021-12-07.
^ 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 9 April 2023.
^ 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 9 April 2023.
^ "Extreme Temperatures Around the World". Retrieved 2024-09-22.
^ Bradley, David. 2001. Northern Hani dialects. Paper presented at ICSTLL 34, Kunming, China, 24–28 October 2001.
^ 元江县咪哩乡甘岔村民委员会. ynszxc.net.
^ 元江县咪哩乡甘岔村民委员会新寨. ynszxc.net.
^ Li Kaidong [李凯冬]; Minta Minji [敏塔敏吉] (2016). 中国元江哈尼族多塔人文化实录. Kunming: Yunnan People's Press. ISBN 978-7-222-14571-9.
^ Bai Bibo [白碧波] (2010). 元江县因远镇语言使用现状及其演变 [Sociolinguistics of languages of Yinyuan Town, Yuanjiang County]. Beijing: Ethnic Publishing House. ISBN 9787100070522.
^ http://www.ynszxc.gov.cn/villagePage/vIndex.aspx?departmentid=252385 ^{[dead link‍]}
^ http://www.ynszxc.gov.cn/villagePage/vIndex.aspx?departmentid=252390 ^{[dead link‍]}
^ http://www.ynszxc.gov.cn/villagePage/vIndex.aspx?departmentid=252400 ^{[dead link‍]}
^ http://www.ynszxc.gov.cn/villagePage/vIndex.aspx?departmentid=252435 ^{[dead link‍]}
^ http://www.ynszxc.gov.cn/villagePage/vIndex.aspx?departmentid=252388 ^{[dead link‍]}
^ http://www.ynszxc.gov.cn/villagePage/vIndex.aspx?departmentid=252382 ^{[dead link‍]}

External links

Yuanjiang County Official Website

[1] "玉溪市第七次全国人口普查主要数据公报" (in Chinese). Government of Yuxi. 2021-05-28.

[Cityintro-2] 元江城市介绍 (in Simplified Chinese). Weather China. Retrieved 2012-12-20.

[3] "国家统计局" (in Chinese). National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China. Retrieved 2021-12-07.

[cma_graphical-4] 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 9 April 2023.

[5] 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 9 April 2023.

[Mherrera-6] "Extreme Temperatures Around the World". Retrieved 2024-09-22.

[Bradley2001-7] Bradley, David. 2001. Northern Hani dialects. Paper presented at ICSTLL 34, Kunming, China, 24–28 October 2001.

[8] 元江县咪哩乡甘岔村民委员会. ynszxc.net.

[9] 元江县咪哩乡甘岔村民委员会新寨. ynszxc.net.

[10] Li Kaidong [李凯冬]; Minta Minji [敏塔敏吉] (2016). 中国元江哈尼族多塔人文化实录. Kunming: Yunnan People's Press. ISBN 978-7-222-14571-9.

[11] Bai Bibo [白碧波] (2010). 元江县因远镇语言使用现状及其演变 [Sociolinguistics of languages of Yinyuan Town, Yuanjiang County]. Beijing: Ethnic Publishing House. ISBN 9787100070522.

[12] ttp://www.ynszxc.gov.cn/villagePage/vIndex.aspx?departmentid=252385 ^{[dead link‍]}

[13] ttp://www.ynszxc.gov.cn/villagePage/vIndex.aspx?departmentid=252390 ^{[dead link‍]}

[14] ttp://www.ynszxc.gov.cn/villagePage/vIndex.aspx?departmentid=252400 ^{[dead link‍]}

[15] ttp://www.ynszxc.gov.cn/villagePage/vIndex.aspx?departmentid=252435 ^{[dead link‍]}

[16] ttp://www.ynszxc.gov.cn/villagePage/vIndex.aspx?departmentid=252388 ^{[dead link‍]}

[17] ttp://www.ynszxc.gov.cn/villagePage/vIndex.aspx?departmentid=252382 ^{[dead link‍]}

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PROFILPELAJAR.COM

Yuanjiang Hani, Yi and Dai Autonomous County

Administrative divisions

Climate

Ethnic groups

Hani

Yi

Dai

Bai

Languages

Transport

References

External links

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