Yoshinori Ohsumi

Yoshinori Ohsumi
Ohsumi in 2016
Born (1945-02-09) February 9, 1945 (age 79)
Fukuoka, Japan
Alma materUniversity of Tokyo (BSc, DSc)
Known forAutophagy
AwardsKyoto Prize (2012)
Gairdner Foundation International Award (2015)
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (2016)
Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences (2017)
Scientific career
FieldsCell biologist
InstitutionsInstitute of Science Tokyo
Tokyo Institute of Technology
Websitewww.ohsumilab.aro.iri.titech.ac.jp/english.html

Yoshinori Ohsumi (大隅 良典, Ōsumi Yoshinori, born February 9, 1945) is a Japanese cell biologist specializing in autophagy, the process that cells use to destroy and recycle cellular components. Ohsumi is a professor at Institute of Science Tokyo's Institute of Innovative Research.[1] He received the Kyoto Prize for Basic Sciences in 2012,[2] the 2016 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, and the 2017 Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences[3] for his discoveries of mechanisms for autophagy.[4]

Biography

Ohsumi addressed at Gairdner Foundation International Award Ceremony (at the Royal Ontario Museum in October 2015)
with John Dirks, Kenjirō Monji and D. Lorne Tyrrell

Ohsumi was born on February 9, 1945, in Fukuoka. He received a B.Sci. in 1967 and a D.Sci. in 1974, both from the University of Tokyo. In 1974–77 he was a postdoctoral fellow at the Rockefeller University in New York City.[1]

He returned to the University of Tokyo in 1977 as a research associate; he was appointed Lecturer there in 1986, and promoted to Associate Professor in 1988. In 1996, he moved to the National Institute for Basic Biology, Japan in Okazaki City, where he was appointed as a professor. From 2004 to 2009, he was also professor at the Graduate University for Advanced Studies in Hayama. In 2009, he transitioned to a three-way appointment as an emeritus professor at the National Institute for Basic Biology and at the Graduate University for Advanced Studies, and a professorship at the Advanced Research Organization, Integrated Research Institute, Tokyo Institute of Technology (Tokyo Tech). After his retirement in 2014, he continued to serve as Professor at Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology. Currently, he is head of the Cell Biology Research Unit, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology.[5]

Christian de Duve coined the term autophagy in 1963 whereas Ohsumi began his work in 1988. Prior to that time, less than 20 papers per year were published on this subject.[6] During the 1990s, Ohsumi's group described the morphology of autophagy in yeast, and performed mutational screening on yeast cells that identified essential genes for cells to be capable of autophagy.[7][8]

In 2016, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine "for his discoveries of mechanisms for autophagy".[9][10] He is the 25th Japanese person to be awarded a Nobel Prize.[11] Ohsumi's spouse Mariko, a Professor of Teikyo University of Science, collaborated on his research.[12] She is a co-author of many academic papers with him.[13]

Recognition

Ohsumi in his Tokyo Tech lab

Source:[5]

Selected publications

His original findings about autophagy in yeast cells:[18]

  • Takeshige K; Baba M; Tsuboi S; Noda T; Ohsumi Y (October 1992). "Autophagy in yeast demonstrated with proteinase-deficient mutants and conditions for its induction". Journal of Cell Biology. 119 (2): 301–11. doi:10.1083/JCB.119.2.301. ISSN 0021-9525. JSTOR 1615399. PMC 2289660. PMID 1400575. Wikidata Q29614187.

Follow up with more research on yeast:[18]

Others

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Yoshinori Ohsumi's ORCID 0000-0003-2384-2166
  2. ^ Biemiller, Lawrence (November 10, 2012). "Kyoto Prize Is Awarded to 3 Scholars". The Chronicle of Higher Education Blogs: The Ticker. Retrieved October 4, 2016.
  3. ^ "Laureates—Breakthrough Prize". Breakthrough Prize. Retrieved December 5, 2016.
  4. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2016". The Nobel Foundation. October 3, 2016. Retrieved October 3, 2016.
  5. ^ a b "Yoshinori Ohsumi Biography". Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology. Retrieved October 10, 2016.
  6. ^ "Yoshinori Ohsumi: What is autophagy? A dynamic cellular recycling process". Molecular Frontiers Symposium at the Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan. October 2017. Retrieved January 15, 2018.
  7. ^ Science Staff (October 3, 2016). "Nobel honors discoveries on how cells eat themselves". Science. doi:10.1126/SCIENCE.AAH7373. ISSN 0036-8075. Wikidata Q57407776.
  8. ^ Klionsky DJ (November 2007). "Autophagy: from phenomenology to molecular understanding in less than a decade". Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology. 8 (11): 931–7. doi:10.1038/NRM2245. ISSN 1471-0072. PMID 17712358. S2CID 7376303. Wikidata Q29614174.
  9. ^ "Yoshinori Ohsumi – Nobel Lecture: Autophagy – an Intracellular Recycling System". Nobel Prize. December 7, 2016. Retrieved January 15, 2018.
  10. ^ Kolata, Gina; Chan, Sewell (October 3, 2016). "Yoshinori Ohsumi of Japan Wins Nobel Prize for Study of 'Self-Eating' Cells". The New York Times. Retrieved October 10, 2016.
  11. ^ Wanklyn, Alastair (October 3, 2016). "Japanese microbiologist Yoshinori Ohsumi wins Nobel in medicine for autophagy research". The Japan Times. Retrieved October 8, 2016.
  12. ^ "大隅萬里子教授の共同研究がノーベル医学・生理学賞として選定されました" [A joint research of Professor Mariko Ohsumi won Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]. Teikyo University of Science. October 5, 2016.
  13. ^ "Google Scholar". Scholar.google.com.
  14. ^ "Yoshinori Ohsumi". Kyoto Prize. Retrieved October 3, 2016.
  15. ^ "Yoshinori Ohsumi wins Nobel prize in medicine for work on autophagy". The Guardian. Retrieved October 3, 2016.
  16. ^ "Breakthrough Prize – Life Sciences : Breakthrough Prize Laureates – Yoshinori Ohsumi". Breakthroughprize.org. Retrieved October 15, 2018.
  17. ^ Yoshinori Ohsumi awarded Honorary Doctorate, delivers special lecture (13 July 2017) | 京都大學
  18. ^ a b "Nobel Prize Laureate Yoshinori Ohsumi's Work". Jstor Daily. October 3, 2016.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Yoshinori Ōsumi.
  • Yoshinori Ohsumi on Nobelprize.org Edit this at Wikidata inclkuding the Nobel Lecture December 7, 2016 Molecular Mechanisms of Autophagy in Yeast
Scholia has an author profile for Yoshinori Ohsumi.

Read other articles:

Al Kifaf

Etisalat Tower 2 adalah salah satu bangunan terkenal di Al Kifaf —— Permukiman di Uni Emirat Arab —— Al Kifafالكفاف Negara Uni Emirat Arab Emirat Dubai Kota Dubai Jumlah daerah 324 Statistik permukiman Luas 0.8 km² Jumlah penduduk 35[1] (2000) Kepadatan penduduk 44/km² Permukiman sekitarnya Zabeel, Oud Metha, Al Jafilia, Al Karama Koordinat 25°14′07″N 55°17′47″E / 25.235321°N 55.296507°E / 25.235321; 55.296507Koordina...

 

كأس فنلندا 2012

كأس فنلندا 2012 تفاصيل الموسم كأس فنلندا  النسخة 58  البلد فنلندا  التاريخ بداية:6 يناير 2012  نهاية:29 سبتمبر 2012  المنظم اتحاد فنلندا لكرة القدم  البطل هونكا  عدد المشاركين 198   كأس فنلندا 2011  كأس فنلندا 2013  تعديل مصدري - تعديل   كأس فنلندا 2012 (بالفنلندية:...

 

Phoronix

Phoronix Adresse www.phoronix.com Description Actualité autour du logiciel libre Publicité Actualité sur les logiciels libres Langue Anglais Inscription Facultative Créé par Michael Larabel Lancement 2004 État actuel En ligne modifier  Phoronix est un site internet d'actualités informatique spécialisé dans les distributions Linux, les interviews, les actualités et les tests de produits à destination de Linux. Phoronix a été lancé en juin 2004 par Michael Larabel, qui est a...

Oscar Rauch

Questa voce sull'argomento calciatori svizzeri è solo un abbozzo. Contribuisci a migliorarla secondo le convenzioni di Wikipedia. Segui i suggerimenti del progetto di riferimento. Oskar Rauch Nazionalità  Svizzera Calcio Ruolo Centrocampista Carriera Squadre di club1 1933-1940 Grasshoppers? (?) Nazionale 1933-1939 Svizzera5 (0) 1 I due numeri indicano le presenze e le reti segnate, per le sole partite di campionato.Il simbolo → indica un trasferimento in prestito.   M...

 

Bretazenil

Chemical compound BretazenilClinical dataATC codenonePharmacokinetic dataElimination half-life2.5 hoursIdentifiers IUPAC name tert-butyl-8-bromo-11,12,13,13a-tetrahydro-9-oxo-9H-imidazo(1,5-a)-pyrrolo(2,1-c)(1,4)benzodiazepine-1-carboxylate CAS Number84379-13-5 YPubChem CID107926IUPHAR/BPS4146ChemSpider97049 YUNIIOSZ0E9DGOJChEMBLChEMBL366947 YCompTox Dashboard (EPA)DTXSID6046266 Chemical and physical dataFormulaC19H20BrN3O3Molar mass418.291 g·mol−13D model (JSmol)Intera...

 

Ar Tonelico

Video game seriesAr TonelicoGenre(s)Role-playing gameDeveloper(s)Gust Co. Ltd.BanprestoPublisher(s)BanprestoNIS America505 GamesBandai Namco EntertainmentCreator(s)Akira TsuchiyaPlatform(s)PlayStation 2, PlayStation 3First releaseAr tonelico: Melody of ElemiaJanuary 26, 2006Latest releaseAr tonelico Qoga: Knell of Ar CielJanuary 28, 2010 Ar tonelico[a] is a multimedia project series made in collaboration by Gust Corporation and Banpresto (currently subsidiaries of Tecmo Koei and Namco...

Robert Renwick, 1st Baron Renwick

This article relies largely or entirely on a single source. Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page. Please help improve this article by introducing citations to additional sources.Find sources: Robert Renwick, 1st Baron Renwick – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (April 2016) Robert Burnham Renwick, 1st Baron Renwick, KBE (4 October 1904 – 30 August 1973), known as Sir Robert Renwick, 2nd Baronet, from 1932 to 1964, was a British...

 

西遊記大結局之仙履奇緣

本條目存在以下問題，請協助改善本條目或在討論頁針對議題發表看法。 此條目需要編修，以確保文法、用詞、语气、格式、標點等使用恰当。 (2013年8月6日)請按照校對指引，幫助编辑這個條目。（幫助、討論） 此條目剧情、虛構用語或人物介紹过长过细，需清理无关故事主轴的细节、用語和角色介紹。 (2020年10月6日)劇情、用語和人物介紹都只是用於了解故事主軸，輔助�...

 

Raju Ban Gaya Gentleman

Raju Ban Gaya Gentlemenराजू बन गया जेंटलमैनSutradaraAziz MirzaProduserG.P. SippyDitulis olehManoj LalwaniPemeranShahrukh KhanNana PatekarJuhi ChawlaAmrita SinghPenata musikJatin-LalitSinematograferBinod PradhanPenyuntingJaved SayyedDistributorSippy FilmsTanggal rilis 13 November 1992 (1992-11-13) NegaraIndiaBahasaHindi Raju Ban Gaya Gentleman (Hindi: राजू बन गया जेन्टलमैन, bahasa Indonesia: Raju Menjadi S...

John P. Fardy

US Marine Corps Medal of Honor recipient John Peter FardyMedal of Honor recipientBorn(1922-08-15)August 15, 1922Chicago, Illinois, USDiedMay 7, 1945(1945-05-07) (aged 22)Okinawa, Japanese EmpirePlace of burialHoly Sepulchre Cemetery,Chicago, IllinoisAllegiance United StatesService/branch United States Marine CorpsYears of service1943–1945Rank CorporalUnitCompany C, 1st Battalion, 1st Marines, 1st Marine DivisionBattles/warsWorld War II*Battle of Cape Gloucester*Battle of Pele...

 

Texas wine

Wine made from grapes grown in Texas, United States TexasWine regionA vineyard in the Texas Hill Country AVA near Johnson City.Official nameState of TexasTypeU.S. stateYear established1845Years of wine industry1650-presentCountryUnited StatesSub-regionsBell Mountain AVA, Escondido Valley AVA, Fredericksburg in the Texas Hill Country AVA, Mesilla Valley AVA, Texas Davis Mountains AVA, Texas High Plains AVA, Texas Hill Country AVA, Texoma AVAClimate regionHumid subtropical, also continental in ...

 

Surat high-speed railway station

Railway station in Gujarat, India Surat high-speed railway station Mumbai-Ahmedabad High-Speed Railway stationGeneral informationLocationAntroli, Surat, Gujarat, IndiaCoordinates21°10′49″N 72°55′50″E / 21.1803°N 72.9305°E / 21.1803; 72.9305Elevation38 metres (125 ft)Owned byNational High Speed Rail Corporation LimitedOperated byNational High Speed Rail Corporation LimitedLine(s)Mumbai–Ahmedabad high-speed rail corridorPlatforms2Tracks2ConstructionStr...

Akhtar Abdur Rahman

Pakistani Gunner Officer and intelligence Head (1924–1988) This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages) A major contributor to this article appears to have a close connection with its subject. It may require cleanup to comply with Wikipedia's content policies, particularly neutral point of view. Please discuss further on the talk page. (October 2018) (Learn how and when to remove thi...

 

Amphipolis

Municipality of Macedonia, Greece AmphipolisἈμφίπολιςΑμφίποληAmphipolis sitesShown within GreeceLocationMacedonia, GreeceCoordinates40°49′6″N 23°50′24″E / 40.81833°N 23.84000°E / 40.81833; 23.84000TypeSettlement Map of Amphipolis Amphipolis (Greek: Αμφίπολη, romanized: Amfipoli; Ancient Greek: Ἀμφίπολις, romanized: Amphipolis)[1] was an important ancient Greek polis (city), and later a Roman city, whose ...

 

إفرايم أفيغدور سبايزر

هذه المقالة يتيمة إذ تصل إليها مقالات أخرى قليلة جدًا. فضلًا، ساعد بإضافة وصلة إليها في مقالات متعلقة بها. (فبراير 2021) إفرايم أفيغدور سبايزر معلومات شخصية الميلاد 24 يناير 1902   سكالات  الوفاة 15 يونيو 1965 (63 سنة)   بنسيلفانيا  مواطنة الولايات المتحدة بولندا  الحياة ا...

Aschiza

Group of insects Aschiza Temnostoma sp. (Syrphidae) Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Arthropoda Class: Insecta Order: Diptera Suborder: Brachycera Infraorder: Muscomorpha Section: Aschiza Superfamilies Platypezoidea Syrphoidea The Aschiza are a section of the Brachycera. Two large families, the Syrphidae and the Phoridae, and a number of smaller taxa are in this group. They are similar to most of the familiar Muscomorpha with one notable exception; they do...

 

Dinamarca

Para otros usos de este término, véase Dinamarca (desambiguación). DinamarcaDanmark  (danés) Nación constituyente del Reino de DinamarcaEstado miembro de la Unión EuropeaBandera Escudo Lema: Forbundne, forpligtet, for Kongeriget Danmark(en danés: 'Unidos, comprometidos, por el Reino de Dinamarca') [1] Himno: Der er et yndigt land(en danés: 'Hay un país hermoso')noiconHimno real: Kong Christian stod ved højen mast(en danés: 'El rey Cristián estaba al lado del palo m...

 

Fluitazione

Una massiccia zattera di tronchi nel Columbia River (Canada, anno 1902), contenente l'intera produzione annua di un campo. Battelli fluviali sul fiume Yukon, a Ruby, Alaska La fluitazione è il trasporto lungo i fiumi di legname[1] . Indice 1 Storia 2 La fluitazione ed il trasporto fluviale come risorsa economica 3 Note 4 Voci correlate 5 Altri progetti 6 Collegamenti esterni Storia Probabilmente è stato un tronco caduto o fatto cadere in acqua il primo mezzo di trasporto, durante la...

Unaccusative verb

In linguistics, an unaccusative verb is an intransitive verb whose grammatical subject is not a semantic agent. In other words, the subject does not actively initiate, or is not actively responsible for, the action expressed by the verb. An unaccusative verb's subject is semantically similar to the direct object of a transitive verb or to the subject of a verb in the passive voice. Examples in English are the tree fell; the window broke. In those sentences, the action (falling, breaking) can ...

 

Worcester, England

Cathedral city in Worcestershire, England City of Worcester redirects here. For the U.S. city, see Worcester, Massachusetts. City and non-metropolitan district in EnglandWorcesterCity and non-metropolitan districtFrom left to right:Top: Worcester CathedralMiddle: City Skyline & The CrossBottom: Guildhall & Cathedral skyline Coat of armsWorcester shown within WorcestershireCoordinates: 52°11′28″N 02°13′14″W / 52.19111°N 2.22056°W / 52.19111; -2.22056...