Steinberg studied at Jerusalem's Horev Yeshiva [he] high school and Ma'ale Eliyahu [he] yeshiva in Tel Aviv.[1] He enlisted in the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) in August 2000 and was assigned to Battalion 931 in the Nahal Brigade. After completing basic training, he served as a combat soldier in the battalion. He underwent the IDF's Combat Intelligence Collection Corps course and the IDF's Officer Candidate School. Upon completing the courses, he returned to Battalion 931, where he was appointed a platoon commander and participated in combat operations against Palestinian militants during the Second Intifada.[1][2]
Later, he served as a company commander in Battalion 931.[1] Between 2011 and 2012, he served as the deputy commander of Battalion 931. Following that, he served as the Assistant Brigade Commander (Operations) of the Nahal Brigade between 2012 and 2013. Subsequently, he was appointed the Chief of Staff's Military Secretary, serving in this role between 2013 and 2015.[3] In 2016, he served as lieutenant colonel in Battalion 931[1] In 2019, he was appointed commander of the Binyamin Brigade [he] of the IDF,[4] reaching the rank of colonel.[5] In 2022, he was made chief leader for tactical operations and held this position until 2023. He was made commander of the 933rd Brigade in May.[2][6][7]
On 7 October 2023, Steinberg was killed in action in an exchange of fire with Palestinian militants during the Hamas-led attack on Israel.[8][9] He was one of the most senior IDF officers to be killed in action for some time.[10] His army-issued weapon was found by Israeli commandos in the Hamad City neighbourhood of Khan Yunis, along with personal effects of Israeli abductees, in March 2024.[11]
^Toledano, Elhanan (10 March 2024). "בלב השכונה היוקרתית בחאן יונס: אותר הנשק של אל"ם יהונתן שטיינברג הי"ד" [In the Heart of Khan Yunis' Upper-class Neighbourhood: Colonel Yonatan Steinberg's Weapon Was Found]. jdn.co.il (in Hebrew). Retrieved 19 May 2024. The weapon of the commander of the Nahal Brigade who was killed at the beginning of the war, Colonel Yonatan Steinberg, was found in recent days by the commando brigade in 'Hamad City' in Khan Yunis. Along with the weapon of the senior officer, the fighters located effects of Israeli abductees.