William Armstrong, Baron Armstrong of Sanderstead GCB MVO PC (3 March 1915 – 12 July 1980) was a British civil servant and banker.
The son of William Armstrong and Priscilla Hopkins, he was born in Clapton in London. Armstrong was educated at Bec School in Tooting and Exeter College, Oxford. From 1938 to 1943, Armstrong worked for the Board of Education.
From 1943 to 1945 he was private secretary to the Secretary of the War Cabinet Sir Edward Bridges. Between 1949 and 1953, he was principal private secretary to the three successive Chancellors of the Exchequer Sir Stafford Cripps, Hugh Gaitskell and then R. A. Butler.
Armstrong was Under-Secretary to the Overseas Finance Division of the Treasury from 1953 to 1957, and from 1957 to 1958 of the Home Finance Division. Between 1958 and 1962, he was Third Secretary and Treasury Officer of Accounts. In 1962, he became Permanent Secretary to the Treasury and, in 1968, Head of the Home Civil Service. Due to his influence in Edward Heath's government he was called the "Deputy Prime Minister".[1] During its dispute with the miners over the government's imposition of a Three-Day Week, however, Armstrong suffered a nervous breakdown.[2]
He returned to office after a period of sick leave but shortly after made known to his Second Permanent Secretary, Ian Bancroft, that he had been approached to accept appointment as Chairman of the Midland Bank. There was internal discussion between Bancroft, the Cabinet Secretary, and the Prime Minister (by this time not Heath but Harold Wilson) as to the propriety of an official who was so close to the government's handling of economic affairs moving to the chairmanship of a clearing bank. Somewhat earlier the outgoing Chancellor of the Exchequer, Anthony Barber, had taken up the chairmanship of the Standard Chartered Bank. The Prime Minister decided that Armstrong had the right to accept the post, and he resigned from the Civil Service to do so. It is not true, as is sometimes stated, that Armstrong was replaced as head of the Civil Service.[1]
He was on the governing body of Abingdon School.[3]
In 1945, Armstrong was made a Member of the Royal Victorian Order (MVO).[4] He also was appointed a Companion of the Order of the Bath (CB) in 1957,[5] promoted to a Knight Commander (KCB) in 1963[6] and eventually a Knight Grand Cross (GCB) in 1968.[7] He was sworn in as a member of the Privy Council in 1973. On 29 January 1975, he was created a life peer with the title Baron Armstrong of Sanderstead, of the City of Westminster.[8] Armstrong died in Radcliffe Infirmary in Oxford.
Armstrong also received an Honorary Doctorate from Heriot-Watt University in 1975.[9]
In 1942, he married Gwendoline Enid Bennett, daughter of John Bennett. She died in 2020 at the age of 101.[10][better source needed]
この存命人物の記事には、出典がまったくありません。信頼できる情報源の提供に、ご協力をお願いします。存命人物に関する出典の無い、もしくは不完全な情報に基づいた論争の材料、特に潜在的に中傷・誹謗・名誉毀損あるいは有害となるものはすぐに除去する必要があります。出典検索?: 張田京 – ニュース · 書籍 · スカラー · CiNii · J-ST…
?†Brachysuchus megalodonЧас існування: пізній тріас, 228–209 млн р. т. PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Ꝑ N Біологічна класифікація Домен: Ядерні (Eukaryota) Царство: Тварини (Animalia) Тип: Хордові (Chordata) Клас: Плазуни (Reptilia) — Архозаври (Archosauria) Ряд: †Фітозаври (Phytosauria) Родина: †Parasuchidae Рід: †BrachysuchusCase, 1929 Вид: B. meg…
Sekolah Menengah Atas Nankai Tianjin天津南开中学InformasiAlamatSitus webNankai High SchoolMotoMoto允公允能，日新月异 Sekolah Menengah Atas Nankai Tianjin (Hanzi sederhana: 天津南开中学; Hanzi tradisional: 天津南開中學; Pinyin: Tiānjīn Nánkāi Zhōngxúe) merupakan sekolah persiapan untuk masuk kolese atau perguruan tinggi yang berlokasi di Tianjin, Tiongkok. Sekolah ini adalah SMA Nankai yang asli dan sering disebut SMA Nankai di Tianjin untuk membe…
Overview of the conflicts between Iglesia ni Cristo and Members Church of God International Since 1980, there have been conflicts between Philippine-based Christian religious organizations Iglesia ni Cristo (Church of Christ, INC) and the Members Church of God International (MCGI), when MCGI Overall Servant Eliseo Soriano started his radio program Ang Dating Daan (ADD). Through his program, he discussed biblical issues and exposed what he believes to be wrong doctrines of other religious groups,…
Christian Friedel fotografiert von Oliver Mark, Berlin 2015 Christian Friedel (* 9. März 1979 in Magdeburg) ist ein deutscher Schauspieler und Musiker. Neben seiner Arbeit am Dresdner und Düsseldorfer Theater, auch gemeinsam mit seiner Band Woods of Birnam, ist er insbesondere bekannt für seine Hauptrollen in Das weiße Band und Elser sowie zuletzt für seine Auftritte in Babylon Berlin und Parfum. Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Leben 2 Auszeichnungen 3 Theater 4 Filmografie 5 Hörspiele (Auswahl) 6 Di…
Tugu Kartini Tugu Kartini adalah sebuah tugu atau monumen yang sering dipakai sebagai simbol atau lambang dari kota Jepara.[1] Tugu ini terletak di tengah persimpangan Jalan dengan sebelah Utara Jl. RA. Kartini, sebelah Timur Jl. Pemuda, Selatan Jl. K.S. Tubun, dan sebelah Barat Jl. Cokroaminoto. Tugu Kartini yang berbentuk Patung R.A Kartini dengan tangan kanan memegang obor menjulang tinggi dan tangan kiri menggandeng seorang gadis dengan ditangan kiri gadis itu memegang sebuah buku. T…
Salafist Islamic scholar in Saudi Arabia (1933–present) Saleh Al-FawzanTitleShaykhPersonalBorn1933 (age 89–90)Saudi ArabiaReligionIslamNationality Saudi ArabianEraModernRegionArabian PeninsulaJurisprudenceHanbaliCreedAthariMovementSalafiMain interest(s)Fiqh, AqeedahAlma materImam Muhammad ibn Saud Islamic UniversityOther namesSaleh Ibn Fawzan Ibn Abdullah Saleh Ibn Fawzan al-FawzanOccupationCleric Member of Council of Senior Scholars Member of the Permanent Committee …
Flag of Araripina Coat of Arms of Araripina Gypsum exploration in Araripina Microregion Araripina is a Brazilian municipality in the state of Pernambuco. Has an estimated population in 2020 of 84,864 inhabitants according with IBGE.[1] Total area of 1.847,5 km2 and is located in the state mesoregion of Sertão, at 622 meters above the sea level and 683 km West from the state capital, Recife. The exploration of gypsum (95% of the Brazilian reserves) and calcarium is the base of …
2003 Disney Channel original movie This article is about the Disney movie. For the 1987 Breakfast Club single by the same name, see Right on Track (song). This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Right on Track – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (January 2021) (Learn how and when to remove thi…
New Hampshire gubernatorial election 1829 New Hampshire gubernatorial election ← 1828 March 10, 1829 1830 → Nominee Benjamin Pierce John Bell Party Democratic National Republican Popular vote 22,615 19,583 Percentage 53.53% 46.35% Governor before election John Bell National Republican Elected Governor Benjamin Pierce Democratic Elections in New Hampshire Federal government Presidential elections 1788-89 1792 1796 1800 1804 1808 1812 1816 1820 1824 1828 1832 1836…
34°03′22″N 118°10′05″W / 34.056°N 118.168°W / 34.056; -118.168 A cell block at Sybil Brand Institute The Sybil Brand Institute is a disused women's jail in Monterey Park, Los Angeles County, California. It is named for 20th century jail conditions activist Sybil Brand. The jail was completed in 1963 and at one time had over 2,000 inmates.[1] It was closed in 1997 because of its poor physical condition[1] as a result of damage suffered during th…
Prince regent of Kingdom of Serbia and later King of Yugoslavia 1921–34 For other people with similar names, see Alexander of Yugoslavia (disambiguation) and Alexander of Serbia (disambiguation). Alexander IKing of YugoslaviaReign3 October 1929 – 9 October 1934SuccessorPeter IIKing of the Serbs, Croats and SlovenesReign16 August 1921 – 3 October 1929PredecessorPeter IPrince Regent of Serbia and the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and SlovenesReign24 June 1914 – 16 August 1921MonarchPeter IBorn(…
Brain area Brodmann area 24Brodmann area 24 (shown in orange)Brodmann areas - Medial surface.DetailsPart ofCingulate gyrusArteryAnterior cerebralIdentifiersLatinArea cingularis anterior ventralisNeuroNames2113, 1007NeuroLex IDbirnlex_1755FMA68621Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy[edit on Wikidata] Brodmann area 24 is part of the anterior cingulate in the human brain. Human In the human this area is known as ventral anterior cingulate area 24, and it refers to a subdivision of the cytoarchitect…
American diplomat (born 1952) This article uses bare URLs, which are uninformative and vulnerable to link rot. Please consider converting them to full citations to ensure the article remains verifiable and maintains a consistent citation style. Several templates and tools are available to assist in formatting, such as reFill (documentation) and Citation bot (documentation). (August 2022) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Stephen A. SecheStephen A. SecheUnited States Ambassador…
Former Pakistan Army Lieutenant General Lieutenant General (R)Nigar Johar KhanHI(M) TI(M)نگار جوہرPersonal detailsBornSwabi, KPK, PakistanSpouseJohar(-2019)EducationPresentation Convent Girls High SchoolAlma materArmy Medical CollegeArmed Forces Post Graduate Medical InstituteMilitary serviceAllegiance PakistanBranch/service Pakistan ArmyYears of service1985 – 2022Rank Lieutenant GeneralUnitPakistan Army Medical CorpsCommands Colonel commandant of Army Medical Corps, Pak…
Dutch cyclist (born 1995) In this Dutch name, the surname is de Jong, not Jong. Demi de JongDe Jong at the 2017 Holland Ladies TourPersonal informationFull nameDemi de JongBorn (1995-02-11) 11 February 1995 (age 28)Ossendrecht, NetherlandsTeam informationCurrent teamParkhotel ValkenburgDisciplineRoadRoleRiderProfessional teams2014–2016Boels–Dolmans2017Parkhotel Valkenburg–Destil2018–2019Lotto–Soudal Ladies[1]2020–2021Chevalmeire Cycling Team[2][3 …
Hypothesis in evolutionary biology Part of a series onEvolutionary biologyDarwin's finches by John Gould Index Introduction Main Outline Glossary Evidence History Processes and outcomes Population genetics Variation Diversity Mutation Natural selection Adaptation Polymorphism Genetic drift Gene flow Speciation Adaptive radiation Co-operation Coevolution Coextinction Divergence Convergence Parallel evolution Extinction Natural history Origin of life Common descent History of life Timeline of evol…
Mountain in Switzerland Hinteres FiescherhornThe Hinteres Fiescherhorn (centre left) and the Grosses Fiescherhorn (centre right) with the Mönch in backgroundHighest pointElevation4,025 m (13,205 ft)Prominence102 m (335 ft)[1]Parent peakGrosses FiescherhornIsolation0.7 km (0.43 mi) Coordinates46°32′47″N 8°04′04″E / 46.54639°N 8.06778°E / 46.54639; 8.06778NamingEnglish translationHorn of Fiesch in the backLanguage…
Artikel ini sebatang kara, artinya tidak ada artikel lain yang memiliki pranala balik ke halaman ini.Bantulah menambah pranala ke artikel ini dari artikel yang berhubungan atau coba peralatan pencari pranala.Tag ini diberikan pada Juni 2012. Azaria ChamberlainAzaria dan ibunya, Lindy.Lahir(1980-06-11)11 Juni 1980Mount Isa, Queensland, AustraliaMenghilang(1980-08-17)17 Agustus 1980 (7001670000000000000♠2 bulan 6 hari)Uluru (Ayers Rock), Teritorial Utara, AustraliaStatusDinyatakan seca…
Melodifestivalen is an event organised by Swedish public broadcasters Sveriges Television (SVT) and Sveriges Radio (SR) to determine the country's representative at the Eurovision Song Contest. The voting procedures to select the entrant for the annual contest have varied over the years since the country's debut in 1958. The Swedish broadcasters have experimented with techniques including splitting the juries by age, regional voting, and using an expert jury. Televoting was controversially first…
Lokasi Pengunjung: 3.22.42.92