Wardruna is a Norwegian music group formed in 2003 by Einar Selvik along with Gaahl and Lindy-Fay Hella.[1] They are dedicated to creating musical renditions of Norse cultural and esoteric traditions, and make significant use of Nordic historical and traditional instruments including deer-hide frame drums, flutes, kraviklyra, tagelharpe, mouth harp, goat horn, and lur. Non-traditional instruments and other sources of sound like trees, rocks, water, and torches are also used.[2]
The band have released five full-length albums, the first three based on Norse runes, the fourth based on the sayings of Odin from the Völuspá and other old Norse sources. The name Wardruna means "the guardian of secrets" or "she who whispers".[3]
Wardruna was formed in 2003. Selvik and Gaahl were both previously members of Gorgoroth, appearing together on the album Twilight of the Idols and the live DVD Black Mass Krakow 2004.[4][5] Selvik had also recorded with other projects including Det Hedenske Folk,[4] Bak de Syv Fjell, Jotunspor, Sahg, Dead to this World, Skuggsjá, and Faun.[6][4] Gaahl also recorded with Trelldom, Gaahlskagg, and God Seed.[7]
The group's debut album, Runaljod – Gap Var Ginnunga, was released on 19 January 2009 by Indie Recordings, followed by Runaljod - Yggdrasil on 15 March 2013.
In 2014, Selvik announced on the group's official Facebook page that they would take part in composing the score for season 2 of Vikings along with Trevor Morris.[8][9] He later appeared as an actor on the show.[10] In 2015, Gaahl left Wardruna on amicable terms.[11]
Wardruna's third album, Runaljod – Ragnarok, was released on 21 October 2016. Thanks in part to the success of Vikings, the album debuted at No. 1 on Billboard's World Albums chart.[12]
In August 2017, Wardruna headlined the 20th alternative music, folk music, and experimental music festival Mėnuo Juodaragis in Dūburys Lake, Lithuania.[13] In early 2018, they embarked on their first tour of North America.[14]
The band's fourth album, the acoustic Skald, was released on 23 November 2018.[15]
In October 2019, Wardruna announced they had signed to major labels Sony Music/Columbia Records.[16] The band released their fifth studio album in January 2021, named Kvitravn, which means "white raven".[17] This was followed by the live album Kvitravn – First Flight of the White Raven in early 2022.[18]
Wardruna's tours for 2020 and 2021 were cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The band returned to touring in 2022, with European and North American shows as well as a performance at Midgardsblot.[19]
Jonathan Selzer of Metal Hammer magazine described Wardruna's music as "a conjunction of the earthy, the organic and the ethereal" with "runic-based rites inhabiting a frequency that once heard have always seemed just adjacent to everyday consciousness".[20] Hannah May Kilroy of Kerrang! magazine wrote that "Wardruna may be at odds with the modern world, but, perhaps, they are exactly what the modern world needs."[21]
Current members[citation needed]
Past members[citation needed]
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هذه المقالة يتيمة إذ تصل إليها مقالات أخرى قليلة جدًا. فضلًا، ساعد بإضافة وصلة إليها في مقالات متعلقة بها. (سبتمبر 2021) فاميلي غاي (الموسم 20) ملف:Familyguyseason20dpi.jpgصورة الشراء الرقمية المسلسل فاميلي غاي البلد الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية العرض الشبكة شبكة فوكس التلفزيونية العرض ا…
Questa voce o sezione sull'argomento calciatori algerini non cita le fonti necessarie o quelle presenti sono insufficienti. Puoi migliorare questa voce aggiungendo citazioni da fonti attendibili secondo le linee guida sull'uso delle fonti. Segui i suggerimenti del progetto di riferimento. Questa voce sull'argomento calciatori algerini è solo un abbozzo. Contribuisci a migliorarla secondo le convenzioni di Wikipedia. Segui i suggerimenti del progetto di riferimento. Nesser Edine Drid N…
スパ・フランコルシャン24時間レース24 Hours of Spa インターコンチネンタルGTチャレンジGTワールドチャレンジ・ヨーロッパ開催地 スパ・フランコルシャン初開催 1924年耐久時間 24時間最多勝利（ドライバー） エリック・ヴァン・デ・ポール (5)最多勝利（マニファクチャー） BMW (25) スパ・フランコルシャン24時間レース（スパフランコルシャンにじゅうよじかんレース、英
American football player (born 1988) American football player John ClayClay in the 2011 NFL season.No. 38Position:Running backPersonal informationBorn: (1988-01-04) January 4, 1988 (age 35)Racine, Wisconsin, U.S.Height:6 ft 1 in (1.85 m)Weight:248 lb (112 kg)Career informationHigh school:Washington Park (Racine, Wisconsin)College:Wisconsin (2007–2010)Undrafted:2011Career history Pittsburgh Steelers (2011) Career highlights and awards Third-team All-American (2010)…
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NBC affiliate in Birmingham, Alabama Not to be confused with WTVM. This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: WVTM-TV – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (August 2009) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) WVTM-TV Birmingham–Tuscaloosa–Anniston, AlabamaUnited StatesCityBirmingh…
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Trading name for Citybus in Belfast, Northern Ireland MetroA Metro Wright StreetDeck Hydroliner fuel cell bus on Upper Queen Street in Belfast, July 2023ParentNorthern Ireland Transport Holding CompanyFounded1973 (as Citybus)2005 (as Metro)Service areaBelfastService typebus service, bus rapid transitFleet260OperatorTranslink (Northern Ireland)WebsiteTranslink/Metro Metro is the trading name for bus company Citybus in Belfast, Northern Ireland. It is a subsidiary of the Northern Ireland Transport…
AlsaceExel IATA ICAO Callsign XT - - Founded2004Commenced operationsMarch 28, 2004Ceased operationsJanuary 31, 2005HubsStrasbourg AirportFleet size4Parent companyExelAviation GroupHeadquartersStrasbourg, FranceWebsitewww.alsaceexel.com AlsaceExel was an airline based in Strasbourg, France. It was part of the ExelAviation Group operating services from Strasbourg Airport to regional destinations in Europe. History An AlsaceExel ATR 42-320 at Amsterdam Schiphol Airport in 2005 The airline was estab…
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