Vatya culture

Vatya culture
Geographical rangeCarpathian Basin, Hungary
PeriodMiddle Bronze Age
Datesca. 2000 BC-1400 BC
Preceded byNagyrév culture
Followed byUrnfield culture, Gáva culture

The Vatya culture was an archaeological culture of the Early to Middle Bronze Age (ca. 2000-1400 BC) located in the central area of the Danube basin in Hungary.[1] The culture formed from the background of the Nagyrév culture together with influences from the Kisapostag culture.[2] It is characterized mainly by fortified settlements, cremation burial sites, and bronze production.[3] It was succeeded by the Urnfield culture.[4]

Százhalombatta-Földvár, located by the Danube river in Hungary, was an important fortified Vatya settlement, with occupation layers up to 6 m deep.[5]

Genetic profile

Six individuals from the Százhalombatta-Földvár and Erd sites were analyzed, Y-DNA haplogroup I was found in an individual, having the other two males the derived clades I2a2a1 and I2a2a1a2a. Mitochondrial DNA was varied: H2a1, J1c9, H11a, T1a1, T2b, and U5a2a.[6]

Százhalombatta-Földvár fortified settlement site, Hungary
  • Gold bracelet from Dunavecse, Hungary, c. 1500 BC.[7][8]
    Gold bracelet from Dunavecse, Hungary, c. 1500 BC.[7][8]
  • Gold rings and amber necklace
    Gold rings and amber necklace
  • Vatya culture cremation urn burial
    Vatya culture cremation urn burial
  • Vatya culture 'urnfield' burials
    Vatya culture 'urnfield' burials

See also

References

  1. ^ "Revealing the Secrets of 4,000 Year-Old Settlements in Hungary". Archaeology wiki. 2014.
  2. ^ Arkov, Klara; Ilon, Gabor (2013). "44: Slovakia and Hungary". In Harding, Anthony; Fokkens, Harry (eds.). The Oxford Handbook of the European Bronze Age. Oxford University Press. pp. 814–825. ISBN 9780199572861.
  3. ^ "Revealing the Secrets of 4,000 Year-Old Settlements in Hungary". Archaeology wiki. 2014.
  4. ^ Cavazzuti, C. (2022). "The First 'Urnfields' in the Plains of the Danube and the Po". Journal of World Prehistory. 35: 45–8. doi:10.1007/s10963-022-09164-0. hdl:10831/85720.
  5. ^ "Százhalombatta Archaeological Expedition". Hungarian National Museum.
  6. ^ Allentoft, Morten E.; Sikora, Martin; Sjögren, Karl-Göran; Rasmussen, Simon; Rasmussen, Morten; Stenderup, Jesper; Damgaard, Peter B.; Schroeder, Hannes; Ahlström, Torbjörn; Vinner, Lasse; Malaspinas, Anna-Sapfo; Margaryan, Ashot; Higham, Tom; Chivall, David; Lynnerup, Niels; Harvig, Lise; Baron, Justyna; Casa, Philippe Della; Dąbrowski, Paweł; Duffy, Paul R.; Ebel, Alexander V.; Epimakhov, Andrey; Frei, Karin; Furmanek, Mirosław; Gralak, Tomasz; Gromov, Andrey; Gronkiewicz, Stanisław; Grupe, Gisela; Hajdu, Tamás; Jarysz, Radosław; Khartanovich, Valeri; Khokhlov, Alexandr; Kiss, Viktória; Kolář, Jan; Kriiska, Aivar; Lasak, Irena; Longhi, Cristina; McGlynn, George; Merkevicius, Algimantas; Merkyte, Inga; Metspalu, Mait; Mkrtchyan, Ruzan; Moiseyev, Vyacheslav; Paja, László; Pálfi, György; Pokutta, Dalia; Pospieszny, Łukasz; Price, T. Douglas; Saag, Lehti; Sablin, Mikhail; Shishlina, Natalia; Smrčka, Václav; Soenov, Vasilii I.; Szeverényi, Vajk; Tóth, Gusztáv; Trifanova, Synaru V.; Varul, Liivi; Vicze, Magdolna; Yepiskoposyan, Levon; Zhitenev, Vladislav; Orlando, Ludovic; Sicheritz-Pontén, Thomas; Brunak, Søren; Nielsen, Rasmus; Kristiansen, Kristian; Willerslev, Eske (11 June 2015). "Population genomics of Bronze Age Eurasia". Nature. 522 (7555): 167–172. doi:10.1038/nature14507.
  7. ^ "Armband from Dunavecse". Institute for the Study of the Ancient World. 2022.
  8. ^ Pazstor, Emilia (2020). "The Role of Sun Symbols in the Burial Rite of the Middle Bronze Age Vatya Culture". Dissertationes Archaeologicae: 112–127. [the Dunavecse bracelet] was made in Transylvania and not at a Vatya workshop, but it was discovered at Dunavecse, in a Vatya cultural region.