Tune of Li Zhongtang

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Lǐ Zhōng táng Yuè
Tune of Li Zhongtang
Unofficial anthem of Qing Dynasty
Lyrics	Wang Jian
Music	Li Hongzhang, 1896
Adopted	1896
Relinquished	1906
Preceded by	Pu Tian Yue
Succeeded by	Praise the Dragon Flag

"Pu Tian Yue" (unofficial)	1878–1896
"Tune of Li Zhongtang" (unofficial)	1896–1906
"Praise the Dragon Flag" (unofficial)	1906–1911
"Cup of Solid Gold"	1911–1912
"Song of Five Races Under One Union"	1912–1913
"Song to the Auspicious Cloud"	1913–1915
"China Heroically Stands in the Universe"	1915–1921
"Song to the Auspicious Cloud"	1921–1928
"Three Principles of the People"	1930–present
"The Internationale"	1931–1937
"March of the Volunteers"	1949–present

The Tune of Li Zhongtang (simplified Chinese: 李中堂乐; traditional Chinese: 李中堂樂; pinyin: Lǐ Zhōng táng Yuè) is the first semi-official national song of China, written by Li Hongzhang in 1896 during the Qing dynasty. As an unofficial anthem for the dynasty, it was so named because "Zhongtang" was a bureaucratic title meaning viceroy or grand secretary.^[1]

History

In 1896, (the 22nd year of Guangxu), Li Hongzhang (李鴻章), Minister of Beiyang and Governor of Zhili, paid a diplomatic visit to Western Europe and Russia. As a national anthem was requested for the welcome ceremony, Li Hongzhang adopted a Tang dynasty poem by Wang Jian for the event.

As a former commander of the Beiyang Fleet, Li also wrote an anthem for it to the same tune.^[1]

Lyrics

Chinese Wikisource has original text related to this article:

李中堂樂

Simplified Chinese

金殿当头紫阁重，
仙人掌上玉芙蓉，
太平天子朝天日，
五色云车驾六龙。

Traditional Chinese

金殿當頭紫閣重，
仙人掌上玉芙蓉，
太平天子朝天日，
五色雲車駕六龍。

Hanyu Pinyin

Jīndiàn dāng tóu zǐgè chóng,
Xiānrén zhǎng shàng yù fúróng,
Taìpíng Tiānzǐ cháo tiān rì,
Wǔ sè yúnchē jià liù lóng.

English translation

In the Golden Palace, amongst the overlapping purple pavilions,
Like a jade lotus flower in an immortal's palm,
The Son of Heaven of Supreme Peace pays tribute to Heaven's sun,
In its five-colour chariot of clouds, drawn by six dragons.

References

^ ^a ^b Nielsen, Mads Vesterager (2021-02-25). "One song under Heaven: A history of China's national anthems". The China Project. Retrieved 2024-02-03.

v t e Chinese patriotic songs
Qing dynasty	Pu Tian Yue Tune of Li Zhongtang Praise the Dragon Flag Cup of Solid Gold Training Soldier Song Anthem of the Beiyang Fleet
Republic of China (on the Mainland) 1912–1949	How Great is Our China! China Heroically Stands in the Universe Song of Five Races Under One Union Song to the Auspicious Cloud March of the Volunteers National Anthem of the Republic of China National Flag Anthem of the Republic of China 800 Heroes Song The Sword March Along the Songhua River The Great Wall Ballad Guerrillas' Song In the Taihang Mountains [zh] Marshal Training Soldier Song Song of the National Revolution Gong Xi Gong Xi
Chinese Soviet Republic and People's Republic of China	March of the Volunteers Workers, Peasants and Soldiers, Unite [zh] The East is Red The Internationale Military Anthem of the Eighth Route Army Nanniwan Ode to the Motherland Song of the Military and Political University of Resistance Against Japan Three Rules and Eight Notices Unity Is Strength Osmanthus Flowers Blooming Everywhere in August The Sky Above the Liberated Zone When the Motherland Calls Upon Us Yellow River Cantata To the Rear of the Enemy I Love Beijing Tiananmen March of the People's Liberation Army I Love the Motherland's Blue Skies My Motherland Long Live Comrade Mao for Ten Thousand Years Red Star Shines Socialism is Good I Am a Soldier [zh] Learn from Comrade Lei Feng Sailing the Seas Depends on the Helmsman Without the Communist Party, There Would Be No New China My Chinese Heart My People, My Country Bloodstained Glory Loyalty to the Country Story of Spring When That Day Comes Towards Revival I Love You, China On the Great Road
Republic of China (on Taiwan) since 1949	National Anthem of the Republic of China National Flag Anthem of the Republic of China Ode to the Republic of China The Plum Blossom 800 Heroes Song Night Raid [zh] The Veteran Chiang Kai-shek Memorial Song Chiang Ching-kuo Memorial Song Go and Reclaim the Mainland Taiwan Is Good The Anti-Communist and Anti-Russian Aggression Song

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