PROFIL
PELAJAR.COM
Timeline of programming languages
Pre-1950
1950s
1960s
1970s
1980s
1990s
2000s
2010s
2020s
See also
References
External links
Privacy Policy
My Blog
My Blog II
Profil Kampus
Prov. Aceh
Prov. Bali
Prov. Bangka Belitung
Prov. Banten
Prov. Bengkulu
Prov. D.I. Yogyakarta
Prov. D.K.I. Jakarta
Prov. Gorontalo
Prov. Jambi
Prov. Jawa Barat
Prov. Jawa Tengah
Prov. Jawa Timur
Prov. Kalimantan Barat
Prov. Kalimantan Selatan
Prov. Kalimantan Tengah
Prov. Kalimantan Timur
Prov. Kalimantan Utara
Prov. Kepulauan Riau
Prov. Lampung
Prov. Maluku
Prov. Maluku Utara
Prov. Nusa Tenggara Barat
Prov. Nusa Tenggara Timur
Prov. Papua
Prov. Papua Barat
Prov. Riau
Prov. Sulawesi Barat
Prov. Sulawesi Selatan
Prov. Sulawesi Tengah
Prov. Sulawesi Tenggara
Prov. Sulawesi Utara
Prov. Sumatera Barat
Prov. Sumatera Selatan
Prov. Sumatera Utara
Kidung Pujian
Digital Literasi
Zona Nonton
Campus Profile
School Profile
Keyword
Keyword 2
Share to:
Timeline of programming languages
This article has multiple issues.
Please help
improve it
or discuss these issues on the
talk page
.
(
Learn how and when to remove these template messages
)
This article
needs additional citations for
verification
.
Please help
improve this article
by
adding citations to reliable sources
. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
Find sources:
"Timeline of programming languages"
–
news
·
newspapers
·
books
·
scholar
·
JSTOR
(
December 2010
)
(
Learn how and when to remove this message
)
This article
relies excessively on
references
to
primary sources
.
Please improve this article by adding
secondary or tertiary sources
.
Find sources:
"Timeline of programming languages"
–
news
·
newspapers
·
books
·
scholar
·
JSTOR
(
December 2010
)
(
Learn how and when to remove this message
)
(
Learn how and when to remove this message
)
Programming language
lists
Alphabetical
Categorical
Chronological
Generational
v
t
e
This is a
dynamic list
and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by
adding missing items
with
reliable sources
.
This is a record of notable
programming languages
, by decade.
Pre-1950
Year
Name
Chief developer, company
Predecessor(s)
1804
Jacquard machine
Joseph Marie Jacquard
none (unique language)
1879
Begriffsschrift
Gottlob Frege
none (unique language)
1943–45
Plankalkül
(year of conceptualization)
Konrad Zuse
none (unique language)
1943–46
ENIAC coding system
John von Neumann
,
John Mauchly
,
J. Presper Eckert
and
Herman Goldstine
after
Alan Turing
. The first programmers of ENIAC were
Kay McNulty
,
Betty Jennings
,
Betty Snyder
,
Marlyn Meltzer
,
Fran Bilas
, and
Ruth Lichterman
.
none (unique language)
1946
ENIAC Short Code
Richard Clippinger and
John von Neumann
after
Alan Turing
none (unique language)
1947–52
ARC/Birkbeck Assembler
Kathleen Booth
ENIAC Short Code
[1]
1948
Plankalkül
(year of concept publication)
Konrad Zuse
none (unique language)
1949
EDSAC Initial Orders
David Wheeler
ENIAC coding system
1949
Short Code
(originally known as Brief Code)
John Mauchly
and William F. Schmitt
ENIAC Short Code
Year
Name
Chief developer, company
Predecessor(s)
1950s
Year
Name
Chief developer, company
Predecessor(s)
1950
Short Code
(for UNIVAC I)
William F. Schmitt
Short Code
1951
Superplan
Heinz Rutishauser
Plankalkül
1951
ALGAE
Edward A. Voorhees and Karl Balke
none (unique language)
1951
Intermediate Programming Language
Arthur Burks
Short Code
1951
Boehm unnamed coding system
Corrado Böhm
CPC Coding scheme
1951
Klammerausdrücke
Konrad Zuse
Plankalkül
1951
Stanislaus (Notation)
Fritz Bauer
none (unique language)
1951
Sort Merge Generator
Betty Holberton
none (unique language)
1952
Short Code
(for UNIVAC II)
Albert B. Tonik,
[2]
J. R. Logan
Short Code (for UNIVAC I)
1952
A-0
Grace Hopper
Short Code
1952
Glennie Autocode
Alick Glennie
after
Alan Turing
CPC Coding scheme
1952
Operator programming
Alexey Andreevich Lyapunov with the participation
Kateryna Yushchenko
MESM
1952
Editing Generator
Milly Koss
SORT/MERGE
1952
COMPOOL
RAND/SDC
none (unique language)
1953
Speedcoding
John W. Backus
none (unique language)
1953
READ/PRINT
Don Harroff, James Fishman, George Ryckman
none (unique language)
1954
Laning and Zierler system
Laning, Zierler, Adams at
MIT
Project Whirlwind
none (unique language)
1954
Mark I Autocode
Tony Brooker
Glennie Autocode
1954–55
FORTRAN
(concept)
Team led by
John W. Backus
at
IBM
Speedcoding
1954
ARITH-MATIC
Team led by
Grace Hopper
at UNIVAC
A-0
1954
MATH-MATIC
Team led by Charles Katz
A-0
1954
MATRIX MATH
H G Kahrimanian
none (unique language)
1954
IPL I
(concept)
Allen Newell
,
Cliff Shaw
,
Herbert A. Simon
none (unique language)
1955
Address programming language
Kateryna Yushchenko
Operator programming – Alexey Andreevich Lyapunov &
Kateryna Yushchenko
&
MESM
1955
FLOW-MATIC
Team led by
Grace Hopper
at UNIVAC
A-0
1955
BACAIC
M. Grems and R. Porter
1955
PACT I
SHARE
FORTRAN, A-2
1955
Freiburger Code
[3]
[4]
University of Freiburg
—
1955–56
Sequentielle Formelübersetzung
Fritz Bauer
and Karl Samelson
Boehm
1955–56
IT
Team led by
Alan Perlis
Laning and Zierler
1955
PRINT
IBM
1958
IPL II
(implementation)
Allen Newell
,
Cliff Shaw
,
Herbert A. Simon
IPL I
1956–58
LISP
(concept)
John McCarthy
IPL
1957
COMTRAN
Bob Bemer
FLOW-MATIC
1957
GEORGE
Charles Leonard Hamblin
none (unique language)
1957
FORTRAN I
(implementation)
John W. Backus
at
IBM
FORTRAN
1957–58
UNICODE
Remington Rand UNIVAC
MATH-MATIC
1957
COMIT
(concept)
Victor Yngve
none (unique language)
1958
FORTRAN II
Team led by
John W. Backus
at
IBM
FORTRAN I
1958
ALGOL 58
(IAL)
ACM/GAMM
FORTRAN, IT, Sequentielle Formelübersetzung
1958
IPL V
Allen Newell
,
Cliff Shaw
,
Herbert A. Simon
IPL II
1959
APT
Douglas T. Ross
1959
FACT
Fletcher R. Jones
,
Roy Nutt
, Robert L. Patrick
none (unique language)
1959
COBOL
(concept)
The
CODASYL
Committee
FLOW-MATIC, COMTRAN, FACT
1959
JOVIAL
Jules Schwartz
at
SDC
ALGOL 58
1959
LISP
(implementation)
John McCarthy
IPL
1959
MAD – Michigan Algorithm Decoder
Bruce Arden
,
Bernard Galler
, and
Robert M. Graham
ALGOL 58
1959
TRAC
(concept)
Calvin Mooers
Year
Name
Chief developer, company
Predecessor(s)
1960s
Year
Name
Chief developer, company
Predecessor(s)
1960
ALGOL 60
ALGOL 58
1960
COBOL
61 (implementation)
The
CODASYL
Committee
FLOW-MATIC, COMTRAN
1961
COMIT
(implementation)
Victor Yngve
none (unique language)
1961
GPSS
Geoffrey Gordon,
IBM
none (unique language)
1962
FORTRAN IV
IBM
FORTRAN II
1962
APL
(concept)
Kenneth E. Iverson
none (unique language)
1962
Simula
(concept)
Ole-Johan Dahl
(mostly)
ALGOL 60
1962
SNOBOL
Ralph Griswold
,
et al.
FORTRAN II, COMIT
1963
Combined Programming Language
(CPL) (concept)
Barron,
Christopher Strachey
,
et al.
ALGOL 60
1963
SNOBOL
3
Griswold
,
et al.
SNOBOL
1963
ALGOL 68
(concept)
Adriaan van Wijngaarden
,
et al.
ALGOL 60
1963
JOSS
I
Cliff Shaw,
RAND
ALGOL 58
1964
MIMIC
H. E. Petersen,
et al.
MIDAS
1964
COWSEL
Rod Burstall
,
Robin Popplestone
CPL, LISP
1964
PL/I
(concept)
IBM
ALGOL 60, COBOL, FORTRAN
1964
Basic Assembly Language
IBM
Assembly language
1964
BASIC
John George Kemeny
,
Thomas Eugene Kurtz
at
Dartmouth College
FORTRAN II, JOSS
1964
IBM RPG
IBM
FARGO
1964
Mark-IV
Informatics
1964
Speakeasy-2
Stanley Cohen at
Argonne National Laboratory
Speakeasy
1964
TRAC
(implementation)
Calvin Mooers
1964
P′′
Corrado Böhm
none (unique language)
1964?
IITRAN
1965
RPG II
IBM
FARGO
,
RPG
1965
MAD/I
(concept)
University of Michigan
MAD
,
ALGOL 60
,
PL/I
1965
TELCOMP
BBN
JOSS
1965
Atlas Autocode
Tony Brooker
, Derrick Morris at
Manchester University
ALGOL 60
,
Autocode
1965
PL360
(concept)
Niklaus Wirth
ALGOL 60
,
ESPOL
1966
JOSS II
Chuck Baker,
RAND
JOSS I
1966
ALGOL W
Niklaus Wirth
,
C. A. R. Hoare
ALGOL 60
1966
FORTRAN 66
John Backus
and his team
FORTRAN IV
1966
ISWIM
(concept)
Peter J. Landin
LISP
1966
CORAL
66
I. F. Currie, M. Griffiths
ALGOL 60
1966
APL
(implementation)
[5]
Kenneth E. Iverson
none (unique language)
1967
BCPL
Martin Richards
CPL
1967
MUMPS
Massachusetts General Hospital
FORTRAN, TELCOMP
1967
Simula
67 (implementation)
Ole-Johan Dahl
, Bjørn Myhrhaug,
Kristen Nygaard
at
Norsk Regnesentral
ALGOL 60
1967
Interlisp
D.G. Bobrow and D.L. Murphy
Lisp
1967
EXAPT
Herwart Opitz, Wilhelm Simon, Günter Spur, and Gottfried Stute at
RWTH Aachen University
and
TU Berlin
APT
1967
SNOBOL
4
Ralph Griswold
,
et al.
SNOBOL3
1967
XPL
William M. McKeeman,
et al.
at
University of California, Santa Cruz
J. J. Horning
,
et al.
at
Stanford University
PL/I
1968
ALGOL 68
(
UNESCO
/
IFIP
standard)
Adriaan van Wijngaarden
,
Barry J. Mailloux
,
John E. L. Peck
and
Cornelis H. A. Koster
,
et al.
ALGOL 60
1968
POP-1
Rod Burstall
,
Robin Popplestone
COWSEL
1968
DIBOL
-8
DEC
DIBOL
1968
Forth
(concept)
Moore
1968
Logo
Wally Feurzeig
,
Seymour Papert
,
Cynthia Solomon
LISP
1968
MAPPER
Unisys
CRT RPS
1968
REFAL
(implementation)
Valentin Turchin
none (unique language)
1968
TTM
(implementation)
Steven Caine and E. Kent Gordon,
California Institute of Technology
GAP, GPM
1968
PILOT
John Amsden Starkweather
,
University of California, San Francisco
Computest
1968
PL360
(implementation)
Niklaus Wirth
ALGOL 60
,
ESPOL
1968
PL/S
(as Basic Systems Language)
IBM
Assembly language
1969
PL/I
(implementation)
IBM
ALGOL 60, COBOL, FORTRAN
1969
B
Ken Thompson
, with contributions from
Dennis Ritchie
BCPL
1969
Polymorphic Programming Language
(PPL)
Thomas A. Standish at
Harvard University
1969
SETL
Jack Schwartz
at
Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences
ALGOL 60
1969
TUTOR
Paul Tenczar &
University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign
1969
Edinburgh IMP
Edinburgh University
ALGOL 60
,
Autocode
,
Atlas Autocode
Year
Name
Chief developer, company
Predecessor(s)
1970s
Year
Name
Chief developer, company
Predecessor(s)
1970
Forth
(implementation)
Charles H. Moore
1970
POP-2
Robin Popplestone
POP-1
1970
SAIL
Dan Swinehart,
Bob Sproull
ALGOL 60
1970
Pascal
Niklaus Wirth
, Kathleen Jensen
ALGOL 60,
ALGOL W
1970
BLISS
Wulf, Russell, Habermann at
Carnegie Mellon University
ALGOL
1971
KRL
Daniel G. Bobrow
at
Xerox PARC
,
Terry Winograd
at
Stanford University
KM, FRL (MIT)
1971
Compiler Description Language
(CDL)
Cornelis H.A. Koster
at
University of Nijmegen
1972
Smalltalk
-72
Alan Kay
,
Adele Goldberg
,
Dan Ingalls
,
Xerox PARC
Simula
67
1972
PL/M
Gary Kildall
at
Digital Research
PL/I, ALGOL, XPL
1972
C
Dennis Ritchie
B, BCPL,
ALGOL 68
1972
INTERCAL
Don Woods
, James M. Lyon
none (unique language)
1972
Prolog
Alain Colmerauer
2-level W-Grammar
1972
Structured Query language (
SQL
)
IBM
ALPHA, Quel (Ingres)
1972
SASL
David Turner
at
University of St Andrews
ISWIM
1973
COMAL
Børge Christensen, Benedict Løfstedt
Pascal, BASIC
1973
ML
Robin Milner
1973
LIS
Jean Ichbiah
et al.
at
CII Honeywell Bull
Pascal, Sue
1973
Speakeasy-3
Stanley Cohen, Steven Pieper at
Argonne National Laboratory
Speakeasy-2
1974
CLU
Barbara Liskov
ALGOL 60, Lisp, Simula
1974
GRASS
Thomas A. DeFanti
BASIC
1974
BASIC FOUR
MAI BASIC Four Inc.
Business BASIC
1974
PROSE modeling language
CDC 6600
Cybernet Services
SLANG, FORTRAN
1974
sed
Lee E. McMahon
of
Bell Labs
ed
1975
ABC
Leo Geurts and
Lambert Meertens
SETL
1975
PROSE modeling language
Time-Sharing Version
CDC 6400
Cybernet KRONOS Services
SLANG, FORTRAN
1975
Scheme
Gerald Jay Sussman
,
Guy L. Steele Jr.
LISP
1975
Altair BASIC
Bill Gates
,
Paul Allen
BASIC
1975
Modula
Niklaus Wirth
Pascal
1976
Smalltalk
-76
Xerox PARC
Smalltalk-72
1976
Mesa
Xerox PARC
ALGOL
1976
Ratfor
Brian Kernighan
C, FORTRAN
1976
S
John Chambers
at
Bell Labs
APL, PPL, Scheme
1976
SAS
SAS Institute
1976
Integer BASIC
Steve Wozniak
BASIC
1977
FP
John Backus
none (unique language)
1977
Bourne Shell
(
sh
)
Stephen R. Bourne
none (unique language)
1977
Commodore BASIC
Jack Tramiel
BASIC
1977
IDL
David Stern of Research Systems Inc
Fortran
1977
Standard MUMPS
MUMPS
1977
Icon
(concept)
Ralph Griswold
SNOBOL
1977
Euclid
Butler Lampson
at
Xerox PARC
,
Ric Holt
and
James Cordy
at
University of Toronto
1977
Applesoft BASIC
Marc McDonald
and
Ric Weiland
BASIC
1978
RAPT
Pat Ambler
and
Robin Popplestone
APT
1978
C shell
Bill Joy
C
1978
RPG III
IBM
FARGO
,
RPG
,
RPG II
1978
HAL/S
designed by Intermetrics for NASA
XPL
1978
Applesoft II BASIC
Marc McDonald
and
Ric Weiland
Applesoft BASIC
1978?
MATLAB
Cleve Moler
at the
University of New Mexico
Fortran
1978?
SMALL
Nevil Brownlee at the
University of Auckland
Algol60
1978
VisiCalc
Dan Bricklin
,
Bob Frankston
marketed by
VisiCorp
none (unique language)
1979
TI BASIC (TI 99/4A)
Texas Instruments
BASIC
1979
Modula-2
Niklaus Wirth
Modula, Mesa
1979
REXX
Mike Cowlishaw
at
IBM
PL/I, BASIC, EXEC 2
1979
AWK
Alfred Aho
,
Peter J. Weinberger
,
Brian Kernighan
C, SNOBOL
1979
Icon
(implementation)
Ralph Griswold
SNOBOL
1979
Vulcan dBase-II
Wayne Ratliff
none (unique language)
Year
Name
Chief developer, company
Predecessor(s)
1980s
Year
Name
Chief developer, company
Predecessor(s)
1980
Ada 80
(MIL-STD-1815)
Jean Ichbiah
at
CII Honeywell Bull
ALGOL 68, Green
1980
C with classes
Bjarne Stroustrup
[6]
C, Simula 67
1980
Applesoft III
Apple Computer
Applesoft II BASIC
1980
Apple III Microsoft BASIC
Microsoft
Microsoft BASIC
1980–81
CBASIC
Gordon Eubanks
BASIC, Compiler Systems, Digital Research
1980
Smalltalk
-80
Adele Goldberg
at
Xerox PARC
Smalltalk-76
1981
TI Extended BASIC
Texas Instruments
TI BASIC (TI 99/4A)
1981
BBC BASIC
Acorn Computers
,
Sophie Wilson
BASIC
1981
IBM BASICA
Microsoft
BASIC
1982?
Speakeasy-IV
Stanley Cohen,
et al.
at Speakeasy Computing Corporation
Speakeasy-3
1982?
Draco
Chris Gray
Pascal
,
C
,
ALGOL 68
1982
PostScript
Warnock
InterPress
1982
Turing
Ric Holt
and
James Cordy
, at
University of Toronto
Euclid
1983
GW-BASIC
Microsoft
IBM BASICA
1983
Turbo Pascal
Hejlsberg
at
Borland
Pascal
1983
Ada 83
(ANSI/MIL-STD-1815A)
Jean Ichbiah
at
Alsys
Ada 80, Green
1983
Objective-C
Brad Cox
Smalltalk, C
1983
C++
[7]
Bjarne Stroustrup
C with Classes
1983
True BASIC
John George Kemeny
,
Thomas Eugene Kurtz
at
Dartmouth College
BASIC
1983
occam
David May
EPL
1983?
ABAP
SAP AG
COBOL
1983
KornShell
(
ksh
)
David Korn
sh
1983
Clascal
Apple Computer
Pascal
1984
CLIPPER
Nantucket
dBase
1984
Common Lisp
Guy L. Steele, Jr.
and many others
LISP
1984
Coq
INRIA
1984
RPL
Hewlett-Packard
Forth
,
Lisp
1984
Standard ML
ML
1984
Redcode
Alexander Dewdney
and
D.G. Jones
1984
OPL
Psion
BASIC
1985
PARADOX
Borland
dBase
1985
QuickBASIC
Microsoft
BASIC
1986
Clarion
Bruce Barrington
1986
CorVision
Cortex
INFORM
1986
Eiffel
Bertrand Meyer
Simula 67, Ada
1986
GFA BASIC
Frank Ostrowski
BASIC
1986
Informix-4GL
Informix
1986
LabVIEW
National Instruments
1986
Miranda
David Turner
at
University of Kent
SASL
1986
Object Pascal
Apple Computer
Pascal
1986
PROMAL
C
1986
Erlang
Joe Armstrong
and others in
Ericsson
PLEX
, Prolog
1987
Ada ISO 8652:1987
ANSI/MIL-STD-1815A unchanged
Ada 83
1987
Self
(concept)
Sun Microsystems
Inc.
Smalltalk
1987
occam 2
David May
and
INMOS
occam
1987
HyperTalk
Apple Computer
none (unique language)
1987
Clean
Software Technology Research Group of
Radboud University Nijmegen
none (unique language)
1987
Perl
Larry Wall
C, sed, awk, sh
1987
Oberon
Niklaus Wirth
Modula-2
1987
Turbo Basic
Robert 'Bob' Zale
BASIC/Z
1988
Mathematica
(
Wolfram Language
)
Wolfram Research
none (unique language)
1988
Octave
MATLAB
1988
Tcl
John Ousterhout
Awk, Lisp
1988
STOS BASIC
François Lionet
and
Constantin Sotiropoulos
BASIC
1988
Actor
Charles Duff, the Whitewater Group
Forth, Smalltalk
1988
Object REXX
Simon C. Nash
REXX, Smalltalk
1988
SPARK
Bernard A. Carré
Ada
1988
A+
Arthur Whitney
APL, A
1988
Hamilton C shell
Nicole Hamilton
C shell
1988–1989
C90
C90 ISO/IEC 9899:1990
C
1989
Turbo Pascal OOP
Anders Hejlsberg
at
Borland
Turbo Pascal, Object Pascal
1989
Modula-3
Cardeli, et al.
DEC
and
Olivetti
Modula-2
1989
PowerBASIC
Robert 'Bob' Zale
Turbo Basic
1989
VisSim
Peter Darnell, Visual Solutions
1989
LPC
Lars Pensjö
1989
Bash
Brian Fox
Bourne shell
,
C shell
,
KornShell
1989
Magik
Arthur Chance, of
Smallworld
Systems Ltd
Smalltalk
Year
Name
Chief developer, company
Predecessor(s)
1990s
Year
Name
Chief developer, company
Predecessor(s)
1990
Sather
Steve Omohundro
Eiffel
1990
AMOS BASIC
François Lionet
and
Constantin Sotiropoulos
STOS BASIC
1990
AMPL
Robert Fourer
, David Gay and
Brian Kernighan
at
Bell Laboratories
1990
Object Oberon
H Mössenböck, J Templ, R Griesemer
Oberon
1990
J
Kenneth E. Iverson
,
Roger Hui
at Iverson Software
APL
,
FP
1990
Haskell
Miranda
,
Clean
1990
EuLisp
Common Lisp
,
Scheme
1990
Z shell
(
zsh
)
Paul Falstad at
Princeton University
ksh
1990
SKILL
T. J. Barnes at
Cadence Design Systems
Franz Lisp
1991
GNU E
David J. DeWitt, Michael J. Carey
C++
1991
Oberon-2
Hanspeter Mössenböck,
Niklaus Wirth
Object Oberon
1991
Oz
Gert Smolka and his students
Prolog
1991
Q
Albert Gräf
1991
Python
Guido van Rossum
Perl,
ABC
,
C
1991
Visual Basic
Alan Cooper
, sold to
Microsoft
QuickBASIC
1992
Borland Pascal
Turbo Pascal OOP
1992
Dylan
Many people at
Apple Computer
Common Lisp
, Scheme
1992
S-Lang
John E. Davis
PostScript
1993?
Self
(implementation)
Sun Microsystems
Smalltalk
1993
Amiga E
Wouter van Oortmerssen
DEX,
C
, Modula-2
1993
Brainfuck
Urban Müller
P'′
1993
LiveCode Transcript
HyperTalk
1993
AppleScript
Apple Computer
HyperTalk
1993
K
Arthur Whitney
APL, Lisp
1993
Lua
Roberto Ierusalimschy
et al.
at Tecgraf, PUC-Rio
Scheme, SNOBOL, Modula, CLU,
C++
1993
R
Robert Gentleman
and
Ross Ihaka
S
1993
ZPL
Chamberlain
et al.
at
University of Washington
C
1993
NewtonScript
Walter Smith
Self, Dylan
1993
Euphoria
Robert Craig
SNOBOL, AWK, ABC, Icon, Python
1994
Claire
Yves Caseau
Smalltalk, SETL, OPS5, Lisp, ML,
C
, LORE, LAURE
1994
ANSI
Common Lisp
Common Lisp
1994
RAPID
ABB
ARLA
1994
Pike
Fredrik Hübinette et al. at
Linköping University
LPC
,
C
, μLPC
1994
ANS Forth
Elizabeth Rather
, et al.
Forth
1995
Ada 95
S. Tucker Taft, et al. at Intermetrics
Ada 83
1995
Borland
Delphi
Anders Hejlsberg
at
Borland
Borland Pascal
1995
ColdFusion (CFML)
Allaire
1995
Java
James Gosling
at
Sun Microsystems
C
, Simula 67, C++, Smalltalk, Ada 83, Objective-C, Mesa
1995
LiveScript
Brendan Eich
at
Netscape
Self,
C
, Scheme
1995
Mercury
Zoltan Somogyi
at
University of Melbourne
Prolog, Hope, Haskell
1995
PHP
Rasmus Lerdorf
Perl
1995
Ruby
Yukihiro Matsumoto
Smalltalk, Perl
1995
JavaScript
Brendan Eich
at
Netscape
LiveScript
1995
Racket
Matthew Flatt
at
Rice University
Scheme
,
Lisp
1996
CSS
Håkon Wium Lie
and
Bert Bos
SGML
1996
Curl
David Kranz, Steve Ward, Chris Terman at
MIT
Lisp,
C++
, Tcl/Tk, TeX, HTML
1996
Lasso
Blue World Communications
1996
Perl Data Language
(PDL)
Karl Glazebrook
, Jarle Brinchmann, Tuomas Lukka, and Christian Soeller
APL, Perl
1996
VBScript
Microsoft
Visual Basic
1996
OCaml
INRIA
Caml Light, Standard ML
1996
NetRexx
Mike Cowlishaw
REXX
1997
Component Pascal
Oberon Microsystems
Oberon-2
1997
E
Mark S. Miller
Joule, Original-E
1997
Pico
Free University of Brussels
Scheme
1997
Squeak
Alan Kay
,
et al.
at
Apple Computer
Smalltalk-80, Self
1997
ECMAScript
ECMA
TC39-TG1
JavaScript
1997
F-Script
Philippe Mougin
Smalltalk, APL, Objective-C
1997
ISLISP
ISO Standard ISLISP
Common Lisp
1997
Tea
Jorge Nunes
Java
,
Scheme
,
Tcl
1997
REBOL
Carl Sassenrath
, Rebol Technologies
Self
,
Forth
,
Lisp
,
Logo
1998
Logtalk
Paulo Moura (then at
University of Coimbra
)
Prolog
1998
ActionScript
Gary Grossman
ECMAScript
1998
Standard C++
ANSI/ISO Standard C++
C++
, Standard C, C
1998
M2001
Ronald E. Prather,
Trinity University (Texas)
none (unique language)
1998
PureBasic
Frederic Laboureur, Fantaisie Software
1998
UnrealScript
Tim Sweeney
at
Epic Games
C++
,
Java
1998
XSLT
(+
XPath
)
W3C
,
James Clark
DSSSL
1998
Xojo
(REALbasic at the time)
Xojo, Andrew Barry
Visual Basic
1999
C99
C99 ISO/IEC 9899:1999
C90
1999
Gambas
Benoît Minisini
Visual Basic
,
Java
1999
Game Maker Language
(GML)
Mark Overmars
Game Maker
1999
Harbour
Antonio Linares
dBase
,
Clipper
Year
Name
Chief developer, company
Predecessor(s)
2000s
Year
Name
Chief developer, company
Predecessor(s)
2000
Join Java
G Stewart von Itzstein
Java
2000
DarkBASIC
The Game Creators
2000
C#
Anders Hejlsberg
,
Microsoft
(
ECMA
)
C
,
C++
,
Java
,
Delphi
,
Modula-2
2001
Joy
Manfred von Thun
FP
,
Forth
2001
AspectJ
Gregor Kiczales
,
Xerox PARC
Java
,
Common Lisp
2001
D
Walter Bright
, Digital Mars
C
,
C++
,
C#
,
Java
2001
Processing
Casey Reas
and
Benjamin Fry
Java
,
C
,
C++
[8]
2001
Visual Basic .NET
Microsoft
Visual Basic
2001
GDScript
(GDS)
Juan Linietsky, Ariel Manzur (OKAM Studio)
Godot
2001
Shakespeare Programming Language
Jon Åslund, Karl Hasselström
2002
Io
Steve Dekorte
Self
,
NewtonScript
,
Lua
2002
Gosu
Guidewire Software
GScript
2002
Scratch
Mitchel Resnick
, John Maloney, Natalie Rusk, Evelyn Eastmond, Tammy Stern, Amon Millner, Jay Silver, and Brian Silverman
Logo
,
Smalltalk
,
Squeak
,
E-Toys
,
HyperCard
,
AgentSheets
,
StarLogo
, Tweak
2003
Nix
Eelco Dolstra
Miranda/SASL, Haskell
2003
Nemerle
University of
Wrocław
C#
,
ML
, MetaHaskell
2003
Factor
Slava Pestov
Joy, Forth, Lisp
2003
Scala
Martin Odersky
Smalltalk, Java, Haskell, Standard ML, OCaml
2003
C++03
C++ ISO/IEC 14882:2003
C++
, Standard C,
C
2003
Squirrel
Alberto Demichelis
Lua
2003
Boo
Rodrigo B. de Oliveira
Python
,
C#
2004
Subtext
Jonathan Edwards
none (unique language)
2004
Alma-0
Krzysztof Apt
,
Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica
none (unique language)
2004
FreeBASIC
Andre Victor
QBasic
2004
Groovy
James Strachan
Java
2004
Little b
Aneil Mallavarapu,
Harvard Medical School
, Department of Systems Biology
Lisp
2005
Fantom
Brian Frank, Andy Frank
C#
, Scala, Ruby, Erlang
2005
F#
Don Syme
,
Microsoft Research
OCaml
,
C#
,
Haskell
2005
Haxe
Nicolas Cannasse
ActionScript
,
OCaml
,
Java
2005
Oxygene
RemObjects Software
Object Pascal
,
C#
2005
PWCT
Mahmoud Samir Fayed
none (unique language)
2005
Seed7
Thomas Mertes
none (unique language)
2005
fish
Thomas Mertes
none (unique language)
2006
Cobra
Chuck Esterbrook
Python
,
C#
, Eiffel, Objective-C
2006
Windows PowerShell
Microsoft
C#
, ksh, Perl,
CL
,
DCL
, SQL
2006
OptimJ
Ateji
Java
2006
Fortress
Guy L. Steele Jr.
Scala
,
ML
,
Haskell
2006
Vala
GNOME
C#
2007
Ada 2005
Ada Rapporteur Group
Ada 95
2007
Agda
Ulf Norell
Coq
,
Epigram
,
Haskell
2007
QB64
Galleon, QB64Team
QBasic
2007
Clojure
Rich Hickey
Lisp
,
ML
,
Haskell
,
Erlang
2007
LOLCODE
Adam Lindsay
none (unique language)
2007
Oberon-07
Wirth
Oberon
2007
Swift (parallel scripting language)
University of Chicago
,
Argonne National Laboratory
2008
Nim
Andreas Rumpf
Python
,
Lisp
,
Object Pascal
2008
Genie
Jamie McCracken
Python
,
Boo
,
D
,
Object Pascal
2008
Pure
Albert Gräf
Q
2009
Chapel
Brad Chamberlain,
Cray
Inc.
HPF
,
ZPL
2009
Go
Google
C
,
Oberon
,
Limbo
,
Smalltalk
2009
CoffeeScript
Jeremy Ashkenas
JavaScript
,
Ruby
,
Python
,
Haskell
2009
Idris
Edwin Brady
Haskell
,
Agda
,
Coq
2009
Parasail
S. Tucker Taft,
AdaCore
Modula
,
Ada
,
Pascal
,
ML
2009
Whiley
David J. Pearce
Java
,
C
,
Python
2009
Dafny
K. Rustan M. Leino
Java
,
Spec#
Year
Name
Chief developer, company
Predecessor(s)
2010s
Year
Name
Chief developer, company
Predecessor(s)
2010
Rust
Graydon Hoare,
Mozilla
Alef
,
C++
,
Camlp4
,
Erlang
,
Hermes
,
Limbo
, Napier,
Napier88
,
Newsqueak
, NIL,
Sather
,
Standard ML
2011
C11
C11 ISO/IEC 9899:2011
C99
2011
Ceylon
Gavin King,
Red Hat
Java
2011
Dart
Google
Java
,
JavaScript
,
CoffeeScript
,
Go
2011
C++11
C++ ISO/IEC 14882:2011
C++
, Standard C,
C
2011
Kotlin
JetBrains
Java
,
Scala
,
Groovy
,
C#
,
Gosu
2011
Red
Nenad Rakočević
Rebol
,
Scala
,
Lua
2011
Opa
MLstate
OCaml
,
Erlang
,
JavaScript
2012
Elixir
José Valim
Erlang
,
Ruby
,
Clojure
2012
Elm
Evan Czaplicki
Haskell
,
Standard ML
,
OCaml
,
F#
2012
TypeScript
Anders Hejlsberg
,
Microsoft
JavaScript
,
CoffeeScript
2012
Julia
Jeff Bezanson
,
Stefan Karpinski
,
Viral Shah
,
Alan Edelman
,
MIT
MATLAB
,
Lisp
,
C
,
Fortran
,
Mathematica
[9]
(strictly its
Wolfram Language
),
Python
,
Perl
,
R
,
Ruby
,
Lua
[10]
2012
P
Vivek Gupta, Ethan Jackson, Shaz Qadeer, Sriram Rajamani,
Microsoft
2012
Ada 2012
ARA and Ada Europe (ISO/IEC 8652:2012)
Ada 2005, ISO/IEC 8652:1995/Amd 1:2007
2013
P4
P4 Language Consortium (
P4.org
)
2013
PureScript
Phil Freeman
Haskell
2013
Hopscotch
Hopscotch Technologies
Scratch
2013
Cuneiform
Jörgen Brandt
Swift
(the parallel scripting language)
2013
Lean
Microsoft Research
ML
,
Coq
,
Haskell
,
Agda
2013
Hy
Paul Tagliamonte
Python
,
Lisp
,
Clojure
2014
Crystal
Ary Borenszweig, Manas Technology Solutions
Ruby
,
C
,
Rust
,
Go
,
C#
,
Python
2014
Hack
Facebook
PHP
2014
Swift
Apple Inc.
Objective-C
,
Rust
,
Haskell
,
Ruby
,
Python
,
C#
,
CLU
2014
C++14
C++ ISO/IEC 14882:2014
C++
, Standard C,
C
2014
Solidity
Gavin Wood
,
Ethereum
JavaScript
,
C++
,
Python
2015
Raku
Larry Wall
,
The Rakudo Team
Perl
,
Haskell
,
Python
,
Ruby
2015
Zig
Andrew Kelley
C
,
C++
,
LLVM IR
,
Go
,
Rust
2016
Reason
Jordan Walke
JavaScript
,
OCaml
[11]
2016
Ring
Mahmoud Samir Fayed
Lua
,
Python
,
Ruby
,
C
,
C#
,
BASIC
,
QML
,
xBase
, Supernova
[12]
2017
C++17
C++ ISO/IEC 14882:2017
C++
, Standard C,
C
2017
Ballerina
WSO2
, Open Source
[13]
Java
,
Javascript
,
Go
,
Rust
,
C#
2017
Q#
Microsoft
C#
,
F#
,
Python
2018
C17
ISO/IEC 9899:2018
C11
2018
Fortran 2018
ISO/IEC JTC1/SC22/WG5 N2150:2018
Fortran 2008
2019
Bosque
Mark Marron,
Microsoft
JavaScript
,
TypeScript
,
ML
2019
V (Vlang)
Alexander Medvednikov
Go
,
Kotlin
,
Oberon
,
Python
,
Rust
,
Swift
Year
Name
Chief developer, company
Predecessor(s)
2020s
Year
Name
Chief developer, company
Predecessor(s)
2020
C++20
C++ ISO/IEC 14882:2020
C++
, Standard C,
C
2021
Microsoft Power Fx
Vijay Mital, Robin Abraham, Shon Katzenberger, Darryl Rubin,
Microsoft
Excel formulas
2022
Carbon
Google
C++,
Rust
2023
Mojo
Modular
Python
2023
Fortran 2023
ISO/IEC JTC1/SC22 2023
Fortran 2018
2024
Gleam
Louis Pilfold, Fly.io
Go
, Rust,
Erlang
,
Elixir
, C++
Year
Name
Chief developer, company
Predecessor(s)
See also
History of computing hardware
History of programming languages
Programming language
Timeline of computing
Timeline of programming language theory
References
^
"ARC - Assembler for Booth"
.
hopl.info
. Retrieved
11 October
2022
.
^
UNIVAC conference
,
Charles Babbage Institute
, University of Minnesota. 171-page transcript of oral history with computer pioneers, including Albert B. Tonik, involved with the
Univac
computer, held on 17–18 May 1990.
^
"Der Freiburger Code auf der Zuse"
(in German)
. Retrieved
26 October
2014
.
^
H. Zuse.
"Z22"
. Retrieved
26 October
2014
.
^
Smillie, Keith.
"Kenneth E. Iverson – A.M. Turing Award Winner"
. ACM.
^
"Tour : Standard C++"
.
isocpp.org
.
^
Stroustrup, Bjarne (7 March 2010).
"Bjarne Stroustrup's FAQ: When was C++ invented?"
.
stroustrup.com
.
Archived
from the original on 6 February 2016
. Retrieved
15 February
2023
.
^
"Arduino Reference"
.
www.arduino.cc
.
^
"Why We Created Julia"
.
Julia website
. February 2012
. Retrieved
7 February
2013
.
^
"Introduction"
.
The Julia Manual
. Archived from
the original
on 8 April 2016.
^
Simple, fast & type safe code that leverages the JavaScript & OCaml ecosystems: facebook/reason
, Facebook, 24 March 2019
, retrieved
24 March
2019
^
Ring Team (23 October 2021).
"The Ring programming language and other languages"
.
ring-lang.net
.
^
"GitHub - ballerina-platform/ballerina-lang: The Ballerina Programming Language"
. 25 November 2019 – via GitHub.
External links
Online Historical Encyclopaedia of Programming Languages
Diagram & history of programming languages
Eric Levenez's timeline diagram of computer languages history
v
t
e
Programming languages
Comparison
Timeline
History
Ada
ALGOL
APL
ArkTS
Assembly
BASIC
C
C++
C#
Classic Visual Basic
COBOL
Erlang
Forth
Fortran
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Julia
Kotlin
Lisp
Lua
MATLAB
ML
Object Pascal
Pascal
Perl
PHP
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
SQL
Scratch
Shell
Simula
Smalltalk
Swift
Visual Basic
more...
Lists:
Alphabetical
Categorical
Generational
Non-English-based
Category
v
t
e
Timelines of computing
Computing
Before 1950
1950–1979
1980s
1990s
2000s
2010s
2020s
Scientific
Women in computing
Computer science
Algorithms
Artificial intelligence
Binary prefixes
Cryptography
Machine learning
Quantum computing and communication
Software
Free and open-source software
Hypertext technology
Operating systems
DOS family
Windows
Linux
Programming languages
Virtualization development
Malware
Internet
Internet conflicts
Web browsers
Web search engines
Notable people
Kathleen Antonelli
John Vincent Atanasoff
Charles Babbage
John Backus
Jean Bartik
George Boole
Vint Cerf
John Cocke
Stephen Cook
Edsger W. Dijkstra
J. Presper Eckert
Adele Goldstine
Lois Haibt
Betty Holberton
Margaret Hamilton
Grace Hopper
David A. Huffman
Bob Kahn
Brian Kernighan
Andrew Koenig
Semyon Korsakov
Nancy Leveson
Ada Lovelace
Donald Knuth
Joseph Kruskal
Douglas McIlroy
Marlyn Meltzer
John von Neumann
Klára Dán von Neumann
Dennis Ritchie
Guido van Rossum
Claude Shannon
Frances Spence
Bjarne Stroustrup
Ruth Teitelbaum
Ken Thompson
Linus Torvalds
Alan Turing
Paul Vixie
Larry Wall
Stephen Wolfram
Niklaus Wirth
Steve Wozniak
Konrad Zuse
Kembali kehalaman sebelumnya
Lokasi Pengunjung:
3.147.242.19