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Tiamenidine
Clinical data
Trade names	Sundralen, Symcorad, Symcor
ATC code	C02AC (WHO) ;
Pharmacokinetic data
Elimination half-life	2.3–5 hours
Identifiers
	IUPAC name N-(2-chloro-4-methylthiophen-3-yl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-amine;
CAS Number	31428-61-2 ;
PubChem CID	39974;
ChemSpider	36548 ;
UNII	195V08O55G;
KEGG	D06127 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL295409 ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID80185349 ;
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C8H10ClN3S
Molar mass	215.70 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
	SMILES Clc2scc(c2N/C1=N/CCN1)C;
	InChI InChI=1S/C8H10ClN3S/c1-5-4-13-7(9)6(5)12-8-10-2-3-11-8/h4H,2-3H2,1H3,(H2,10,11,12) ; Key:CVWILQHZFWRYPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ;
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Tiamenidine (BAN, USAN, INN, also known as thiamenidine, Hoe 440) is an imidazoline compound that shares many of the pharmacological properties of clonidine. It is a centrally-acting α₂ adrenergic receptor agonist (IC₅₀ = 9.1 nM).^[2] It also acts as an α₁-adrenergic receptor agonist to a far lesser extent (IC₅₀ = 4.85 μM).^[2] In hypertensive volunteers, like clonidine, it significantly increased sinus node recovery time and lowered cardiac output.^[3] It was marketed (as tiamenidine hydrochloride) by Sanofi-Aventis^[4] under the brand name Sundralen^[5] for the management of essential hypertension.^[6]

Synthesis

Reaction of thiourea 1 with methyl iodide gives the corresponding S-methyl analogue (2), followed by heating with ethylenediamine, completes the synthesis of tiamenidine (3).

References

^ Eckert HG, Baudner S, Weimer KE, Wissmann H (1981). "Determination of tiamenidine in biological specimens by radioimmunoassay". Arzneimittel-Forschung. 31 (3): 419–24. PMID 7194666.
^ ^a ^b Timmermans PB, de Jonge A, Thoolen MJ, Wilffert B, Batink H, van Zwieten PA (April 1984). "Quantitative relationships between alpha-adrenergic activity and binding affinity of alpha-adrenoceptor agonists and antagonists". Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 27 (4): 495–503. doi:10.1021/jm00370a011. PMID 6142954.
^ Roden DM, Nadeau JH, Primm RK (June 1988). "Electrophysiologic and hemodynamic effects of chronic oral therapy with the alpha 2-agonists clonidine and tiamenidine in hypertensive volunteers". Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 43 (6): 648–54. doi:10.1038/clpt.1988.90. PMID 2897889. S2CID 44263714.
^ "Pharmaceutical and healthcare online databases. Tiamenidine Hydrochloride". Drugs-About.com. Retrieved 30 November 2015.
^ Ganten D, Mulrow PJ, eds. (2013). Pharmacology of Antihypertensive Therapeutics (1st ed.). [S.l.]: Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. p. 880. ISBN 978-3-642-74211-8.
^ Zamboulis C, Hossmann V, Dollery CT, Eckert H (October 1979). "Tiamenidine, a centrally acting antihypertensive drug in essential hypertension [proceedings]". British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 8 (4): 390P. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1979.tb04737.x. PMID 508528.
^ Castaer, J.; Thorpe, P.; Tiamenidine. Drugs Fut 1976, 1, 10, 502.
^ US 3758476, 0 Rippel H, Ruschig H, Linder E, Schorr M, issued 1973