The Washing of the Feet

The Washing of the Feet

Artist	Tintoretto
Year	1548-1549
Medium	Oil on canvas
Dimensions	210 cm × 533 cm (83 in × 210 in)
Location	Museo del Prado, Madrid

The Washing of the Feet or El Lavatorio is a work by the Venetian artist Tintoretto which he produced between 1548 and 1549. It is considered one of his finest works. It is currently on display in the Museo del Prado.

History

The work was commissioned in 1547 from Tintoretto for the Scuola del Santísimo Sacramento in the church of San Marcuola in Venice, together with a Last Supper, which is still in the church, painted between 1548 and 1549.

After remaining there for 70 years, The Washing of the Feet was acquired by Ferdinando Gonzaga, VI Duke of Mantua, at the end of the first decade or at the beginning of the second decade of the 17th century, where the Corridoio del Bertani of the Ducal Palace of Mantua was placed.^[1]

In 1627 it was bought by Charles I of England, a great collector of art. After the English Revolution and the execution of the monarch, the parliamentarians sold his works to pay off the monarch's debts. Many of the best works were left in the hands of the Spanish ambassador Don Alonso de Cardenas, who gave them to the Prime Minister Don Luis Méndez de Haro, who presented them to Philip IV among them: The Washing of the Feet.^[2]

Painting

The painting depicts a scene from the Gospel of John in which it is narrated that at the Last Supper Jesus rose from the table, took off his cloak and tied a towel around his waist and began to wash his disciples' feet. Tintoretto depicts the moment when Simon Peter tries to refuse, but after being persuaded he agrees to wash his feet and even his head and hands.

A miracle of Saint Mark is also depicted in one corner, recounted by Jacopo da Varazze in his book Golden Legend.

Most of the painting depicts the scene of the Last Supper. In the centre is a dog lying down, perhaps because the space would have been too large without it or representing the faithfulness of Jesus' disciples.^[3]

The artist had painted the composition of the painting with the space of the church of San Marcuola in mind, which is why, seen from the front, the figures may appear to be randomly distributed, but the impression changes when seen from the right, as the dead spaces disappear and the harmony of the figures is achieved.^[1]

References

^ ^a ^b "The Washing of the Feet - The Collection - Museo Nacional del Prado". www.museodelprado.es.
^ "'Collection of Charles I of England'".
^ "El lavatorio - Tintoretto". Historia Arte.

Bibliography

-"Very interesting magazine special 200 years of the Prado Museum", pág.13.

- Cirlot, L. (dir.), Museo del Prado II, Col. «Museos del Mundo», Volume 7, Espasa, 2007. ISBN 978-84-674-3810-9, págs. 164-167.

-"A restored masterpiece. The Lavatorioa by Jacopo Tintoretto", Ref-ART3-149.

v t e Tintoretto
Paintings	The Siege of Asola (1544–1545) Madonna and Child with Saints (1545–1546) Esther Before Ahasuerus (1546–1547) Christ Washing the Disciples' Feet (c. 1548) Visitation (Bologna) (c. 1550) Cain and Abel (c. 1550) Adam and Eve (c. 1550) Portrait of Procurator Jacopo Soranzo (c. 1550) Assumption of the Virgin (c. 1555) Joseph and Potiphar's Wife (c. 1555) Presentation of the Virgin (c. 1551–1556) Leda and the Swan (c. 1550–1560) Mars and Venus Surprised by Vulcan (1551–1554) Presentation at the Temple (1554–1556) Susanna and the Elders (1555–1556) Portrait of Queen Christina of Denmark (1555–1556) Saint George and the Dragon (1555 or 1558) The Deliverance of Arsinoe (c. 1560) Portrait of Alvise Cornaro (c. 1560–1565) Crucifixion (1565) Finding of the Body of Saint Mark (1562–1566) Saint Mark's Body Brought to Venice (1562–1566) Portrait of Doge Pietro Loredan (c. 1567–1570) Danaë (c. 1570) Christ at the Sea of Galilee (1570s) The Origin of the Milky Way (1575–1580) Bacchus, Venus and Ariadne (1576–1577) The Muses (1578) Baptism of Christ (c. 1580) The Vision of Saint Nicholas (c. 1582) Il Paradiso (1588) Self Portrait (1588) Visitation (Venice) (c. 1588) Last Supper (1592–1594)
Painting series	Saint Mark series (1548 or 1562–1566) Miracle of the Slave Finding of the Body of Saint Mark Saint Mark's Body Brought to Venice Fasti of the Gonzagas (1578–1580)
Related	Domenico Tintoretto (son) Marietta Robusti (daughter) Scuola Grande di San Rocco Judith and Holofernes (studio of Tintoretto) (c. 1577) (formerly attributed)

Museo del Prado

Buildings
Villanueva building Casón del Buen Retiro Hall of Realms Cloister of Saint Jerome

Paintings

Spanish	Esquivel: José de Espronceda Gisbert: Execution of Torrijos and his Companions on the Beach at Málaga Goya: Allegory of Industry – Asmodea – Atropos – Blind Man's Bluff – Boys playing soldiers – Charles IV of Spain and His Family – Los caprichos – Christ Crucified – The Clothed Maja – The Colossus – The Countess of Chinchon – Los disparates – The Dog – The Drunk Mason – The Duchess of Alba and la Beata – Fight with Cudgels – Judith and Holofernes – La Leocadia – Man Mocked by Two Women – La novillada – Portrait of the Marchioness of Santa Cruz – Men Reading – The Milkmaid of Bordeaux – The Naked Maja – The Parasol – A Pilgrimage to San Isidro – Pilgrimage to the Fountain of San Isidro – Saturn Devouring His Son – The Second of May 1808 – Self-portrait at 69 years – Summer – The Third of May 1808 – Two Old Men – Two Old Ones Eating Soup – The Victorious Hannibal Seeing Italy from the Alps for the First Time – Witches' Flight – Witches' Sabbath (The Great He-Goat) El Greco: The Nobleman with his Hand on his Chest – Adoration of the Shepherds – Doña María de Aragón Altarpiece – Annunciation – Christ Carrying the Cross – The Fable – The Flight into Egypt – Holy Face of Jesus – Holy Trinity – Julián Romero and Saint Julian – Portrait of a Doctor – Portrait of a Gentleman – Portrait of a Young Nobleman – Portrait of an Elderly Man – Portrait of an Unknown Gentleman – Portrait of Jerónimo de Cevallos – Portrait of Rodrigo Vázquez de Arce – Saint Andrew and Saint Francis – Saint Anthony of Padua – Saint Bernardino of Siena ^[1] – Saint James the Great – Saint John the Evangelist – Saint Paul – Saint Sebastian – Saint Thomas the Apostle – Holy Trinity – The Saviour – Virgin Mary Luna: The Death of Cleopatra Maíno: Adoration of the Magi – Portrait of a Gentleman – The Recovery of Bahía de Todos los Santos Murillo: Adoration of the Shepherds (1650) – Aranjuez Immaculate Conception – The Christ Child and the Infant John the Baptist with a Shell – Christ on the Cross (1675, 1677) – The Conversion of Saint Paul – The Good Shepherd – The Holy Family with a Little Bird – The Immaculate Conception of El Escorial – The Immaculate Conception of Los Venerables – The Martyrdom of Saint Andrew – Our Lady of the Rosary – The Patrician's Dream – Rebecca and Eleazar Pradilla: Doña Joanna the Mad Ribera: Jacob's Dream – Democritus – Isaac and Jacob – Ixion – Tityos – The Martyrdom of Saint Philip – The Blind Sculptor Sánchez Gallque: The Mulattos of Esmeraldas ^[2] Velázquez: Las Meninas – The Triumph of Bacchus – Las Hilanderas – The Surrender of Breda – Mars Resting – Equestrian Portrait of Philip IV – Equestrian Portrait of Elisabeth of France – Equestrian Portrait of Prince Balthasar Charles – Equestrian Portrait of Philip III – Equestrian Portrait of Margarita of Austria – Equestrian Portrait of the Count-Duke of Olivares – Adoration of the Magi – Apollo in the Forge of Vulcan – Christ Crucified – Coronation of the Virgin – View of the Garden of the Villa Medici – Prince Balthasar Charles as a Hunter – Portrait of the Infante Don Carlos – Doña Antonia de Ipeñarrieta y Galdós and Her Son Don Luis – The Jester Barbarroja – The Jester Calabacillas – The Jester Don Diego de Acedo – The Jester Don John of Austria – Portrait of Francisco Lezcano – Infanta Margarita Teresa in a Pink Dress – Portrait of Maria Anna – Portrait of Juan Martínez Montañés – The Nun Jerónima de la Fuente – Portrait of Pablo de Valladolid – Portrait of Philip IV in Armour – Portrait of Mariana of Austria – Portrait of Sebastián de Morra Zurbarán: Agnus Dei – The Death of Hercules – The Defence of Cádiz Against the English – Hercules and the Hydra – Hercules Separates Mounts Calpe and Abylla – Hercules Fighting the Nemean Lion – Saint Elizabeth of Portugal – Saint Luke Painting the Crucifixion – Saint Peter Nolasco's Vision of Saint Peter the Apostle – Still Life with Pots – The Vision of Saint Peter Nolasco
Dutch, Flemish, German	Anonymous: The Fountain of Life Baldung: The Ages and Death Bosch: The Garden of Earthly Delights – Adoration of the Magi – Cutting the Stone – The Haywain Triptych – Head of a Halberdier – The Seven Deadly Sins and the Four Last Things – The Temptation of St Anthony Bouts: Triptych with Scenes from the Life of the Virgin Bruegel the Elder: The Triumph of Death – The Wine of Saint Martin's Day – Excursion in the Countryside of Infanta Isabel Clara Eugenia – Life in the Countryside – The Infanta Isabel Clara Eugenia in the Mariemont Park (with de Momper) – Landscape (with de Momper) – The Five Senses (with Rubens) Campin: Marriage of the Virgin – Werl Triptych de Crayer: Caritas Romana (1625) David: Rest on the Flight into Egypt Dürer: Adam and Eve – Self-Portrait van Dyck: Self-portrait with Sir Endymion Porter – The Betrayal of Christ – The Brazen Serpent – Diana and a Nymph Surprised by a Satyr – Saint Rosalia – The Crowning with Thorns van Hemessen: The Surgeon Francken the Younger: The Sciences and the Arts Jordaens: Apollo as Victor over Pan – Meleager and Atalanta – The Painter's Family Memling: Adoration of the Magi Mengs: Portrait of José Nicolás de Azara de Momper: Landscape with Sea and Mountains – A Farm – Flemish Market and Washing Place – Landscape with Skaters – The Infanta Isabel Clara Eugenia in the Mariemont Park (with Brueghel the Elder) – Landscape (with Brueghel the Elder) Patinir: Landscape with Charon Crossing the Styx Rembrandt: Judith at the Banquet of Holofernes Rubens: The Judgement of Paris (1638) – The Three Graces – Adoration of the Magi – The Dance of the Villagers – Diana and Callisto – Equestrian Portrait of the Duke of Lerma – The Fall of Man – The Garden of Love – The Birth of the Milky Way – The Rape of Europa – The Rape of Ganymede – Saint George and the Dragon – Saturn – The Triumph of the Church – Deucalion and Pyrrha – The Five Senses (with Brueghel the Elder) Stom: The Incredulity of Saint Thomas Strobel: Feast of Herod with the Beheading of St John the Baptist Teniers the Younger: Archduke Leopold Wilhelm in his Painting Gallery in Brussels (1651) Verhaecht: Alpine Landscape van der Weyden: The Descent from the Cross – Durán Madonna
Italian	Fra Angelico: Annunciation Anguissola: Portrait of Elisabeth of Valois – Portrait of Infanta Isabella Clara Eugenia ^[3] – Portrait of Giovanni Battista Caselli Barocci: Nativity Bellini: Madonna and Child with Saint Mary Magdalene and Saint Ursula Botticelli: The Story of Nastagio Degli Onesti, part one Caravaggio: David and Goliath Carracci: Assumption of the Virgin – Mural Paintings from the Herrera Chapel – Venus, Adonis and Cupid Correggio: Noli me tangere – Madonna and Child with the Infant John the Baptist A. Gentileschi: The Birth of Saint John the Baptist O. Gentileschi: The Finding of Moses (1633) Leonardo: Mona Lisa (by his studio) Lotto: Portrait of Marsilio Cassotti and His Bride Faustina Mantegna: Death of the Virgin Parmigianino: Holy Family with Angels – Portrait of Camilla Gonzaga and Her Three Sons – Portrait of Pier Maria Rossi di San Secondo – Saint Barbara Raphael: Portrait of a Cardinal – Christ Falling on the Way to Calvary – Madonna of the Rose – Visitation – La Perla (with Romano) Romano: Holy Family under an Oak Tree Andrea del Sarto: Sacrifice of Isaac Tintoretto: Christ Washing the Disciples' Feet – Joseph and Potiphar's Wife – Judith and Holofernes (by his studio) – The Washing of the Feet Tiepolo: The Immaculate Conception Titian: The Bacchanal of the Andrians – Equestrian Portrait of Charles V – The Fall of Man – Alfonso d'Avalos Addressing his Troops – Danaë Receiving the Golden Rain (1565) – The Entombment – La Gloria – Virgin and Child Between Saints Anthony of Padua and Roch – Mater Dolorosa with Clasped Hands – Philip II in Armour – Portrait of Charles V with a Dog – Portrait of Federico II Gonzaga – Portrait of Isabella of Portugal – Sisyphus – Tityus – Religion saved by Spain – Salome - Self-Portrait (1567) – Saint Margaret and the Dragon – Venus and Adonis (1554) – Venus and Musician (1550, 1555) – The Virgin and Child with Saint George and Saint Dorothy – The Worship of Venus Veronese: Venus and Adonis – Christ Among the Doctors – The Finding of Moses
French	Anonymous: Agony in the Garden Baudry: The Pearl and the Wave van Loo: The Family of Philip V (1743) Lorrain: Landscape with St Paula of Rome Embarking at Ostia – The Ford – Landscape with St María de Cervelló – Landscape with the Burial of St Serapia – Landscape with the Finding of Moses – Landscape with the Temptation of St Anthony – Landscape with Tobias and Raphael Poussin: Parnassus – Landscape with Three Figures – Saint Cecilia Ranc: The Family of Philip V (1723) – Portrait of Ferdinand VI as a Boy Watteau: Marriage Contract and Country Dancing Vouet: Time Defeated by Love, Beauty and Hope
Other	British paintings

Sculptures

Rome	The Apotheosis of Claudius Castor and Pollux

^[1] On display at El Greco Museum in Toledo
^[2] On display at Museo de América in Madrid
^[3] On display at the Spanish Embassy in Paris

Category

Read other articles:

List of governors of Vancouver Island and British Columbia

The following is a list of governors of the Colonies of Vancouver Island and British Columbia. Governors of Vancouver Island Term Richard BlanshardRichard Blanshard 1849–1851 Sir James Douglas 1851–1864 Sir Arthur Edward Kennedy 1864–1866 Governors of British Columbia (1858–1866) Term Sir James DouglasJames Douglas, the first Governor of The Colony of British Columbia 1858–1864 Frederick Seymour 1864–1866 Governors of British Columbia (1866–1871) Term Frederick Seymour Frederic...

Bleichert

Former German wire ropeway & automobile manufacturer 51°21′47″N 12°22′33″E / 51.3631°N 12.3757°E / 51.3631; 12.3757 Adolf Bleichert & Co.IndustryCable Car, Automotive Industry, Arms IndustryFounded1874FounderAdolf BleichertDefunct1993HeadquartersLeipzig-Gohlis, GermanyKey peopleMax von Bleichert / CEO Paul von Bleichert / CFONumber of employees90 (1881) 3.200 (1928) 169 (1932) 4.000 (1950) Bleichert, short for Adolf Bleichert & Co.,[1]&#...

عبد القادر حر

عبد القادر حر معلومات شخصية الميلاد 10 نوفمبر 1953 (العمر 70 سنة)الجزائر العاصمة[1] الطول 178 سنتيمتر مركز اللعب مدافع الجنسية الجزائر المسيرة الاحترافية1 سنوات فريق م. (هـ.) بناء الجزائر المنتخب الوطني 1978–1982 الجزائر 37 (2) المواقع مُعرِّف الاتحاد الدولي لكرة القدم 5100...

The Last Warning

The Last WarningOriginal poster art featuring Laura La PlanteSutradaraPaul LeniProduserCarl LaemmleSkenario Alfred A. Cohn J.G. Hawks Robert F. Hill Tom Reed BerdasarkanThe Last Warningoleh Thomas F. FallonPemeran Laura La Plante Montagu Love Margaret Livingston John Boles Penata musikJoseph CherniavskySinematograferHal MohrPenyuntingRobert CarlisleDistributorUniversal PicturesTanggal rilis 25 Desember 1928 (1928-12-25) Durasi87 menit[1]NegaraAmerika SerikatBahasaInggris Th...

Georgia in the Eurovision Song Contest 2016

Eurovision Song Contest 2016Country GeorgiaNational selectionSelection processArtist: Internal selectionSong: Evrovizia 2016 - Airchie sheni simgera!Selection date(s)Artist: 15 December 2015Song: 15 February 2016Selected entrantNika Kocharov and Young Georgian LolitazSelected songMidnight GoldSelected songwriter(s)Kote KalandadzeThomas G:sonFinals performanceSemi-final resultQualified (9th, 123 points)Final result20th, 104 pointsGeorgia in the Eurovisi...

Collooney railway station

Railway station in County Sligo, Ireland CollooneyCúil MhuineCollooney Station in 1993General informationOther namesCollooney MidlandColloney North[1]LocationCollooney, County Sligo, F91 XK49IrelandCoordinates54°11′12″N 8°29′41″W / 54.186617°N 8.494781°W / 54.186617; -8.494781Owned byIarnród ÉireannOperated byIarnród ÉireannPlatforms1ConstructionStructure typeAt-gradeOther informationStation codeCOLNYFare zonePKey dates1862Station opened Servic...

约翰斯顿环礁

此條目可参照英語維基百科相應條目来扩充。 (2021年5月6日)若您熟悉来源语言和主题，请协助参考外语维基百科扩充条目。请勿直接提交机械翻译，也不要翻译不可靠、低品质内容。依版权协议，译文需在编辑摘要注明来源，或于讨论页顶部标记{{Translated page}}标签。约翰斯顿环礁Kalama Atoll 美國本土外小島嶼 Johnston Atoll 旗幟颂歌：《星條旗》The Star-Spangled Banner約翰斯頓環礁�...

The Leader (Welsh newspaper)

Welsh newspaper The LeaderTypeDaily newspaperOwner(s)NewsquestFoundedOctober 1973LanguageEnglishHeadquartersMold, WalesCirculation3,041 (as of 2023)[1]Websitewww.leaderlive.co.uk A previous Evening Leader logo, from the Wrexham Edition Former Evening Leader logo, 1973-2006 The Leader (formerly The Wrexham Evening Leader) is a daily newspaper in Wales which is distributed on weekday mornings, combining both local and national news. There are two Leader editions in the north-east of...

A Somewhat Gentle Man

2010 film You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Norwegian. (May 2012) Click [show] for important translation instructions. View a machine-translated version of the Norwegian article. Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the En...

1900年美國總統選舉

1900年美國總統選舉 ← 1896 1900年11月6日 1904 → 447張選舉人票獲勝需224張選舉人票投票率73.2%[1] ▼ 6.1 % 获提名人威廉·麥金利威廉·詹寧斯·布賴恩政党共和黨民主党家鄉州俄亥俄州內布拉斯加州竞选搭档西奧多·羅斯福阿德萊·史蒂文森一世选举人票 292 155 胜出州/省 28 17 民選得票 7,228,864 6,370,932 得票率 51.6% 45.5% 總統選舉結果地圖，紅色代表�...

جوليا أليسون

هذه المقالة يتيمة إذ تصل إليها مقالات أخرى قليلة جدًا. فضلًا، ساعد بإضافة وصلة إليها في مقالات متعلقة بها. (أبريل 2019) جوليا أليسون معلومات شخصية مكان الميلاد ويلميت مواطنة الولايات المتحدة الحياة العملية المدرسة الأم جامعة جورجتاون المهنة صحافية، ومدونة...

الرسوم الكاريكاتورية المسيئة للنبي محمد في صحيفة يولاندس بوستن

هذه المقالة بحاجة لمراجعة خبير مختص في مجالها. يرجى من المختصين في مجالها مراجعتها وتطويرها. جزء من سلسلة عنرهاب الإسلام قضايا اضطهاد المسلمين الإسلاموفوبيا في وسائل الإعلام الطيران بينما مسلم Airport racial profiling in the United States الصور النمطية للعرب والمسلمين في الولايات المتحدة Isla...

Distintivos de grado de Carabineros de Chile

Los distintivos de grado de Carabineros de Chile son los emblemas oficiales que utilizan los integrantes de la policía uniformada de Chile. Carabineros de Chile tiene un origen castrense derivado de los Antiguos Cuerpos de Caballería del Ejército. Debido a esto, suele tener mucha coincidencias o similitud con los grados jerárquicos y orgánica de las Fuerzas Armadas.[1] Sin perjuicio de los distintivos y condecoraciones especiales otorgados por mérito,[2] conforme al artíc...

Logic Pro

Digital audio workstation Not to be confused with Dolby Pro Logic. Logic ProA screenshot of Logic Pro X running on macOS MojaveDeveloper(s)Apple Inc.Initial release1993; 31 years ago (1993) (as Notator Logic)Stable release11.0 / May 13, 2024; 40 days ago (2024-05-13) Written inC (programming language)Operating systemmacOS (13.5 and later) iPadOS (17.0 or newer)Platformx86-64 (as of Logic Pro 9.1)[1] ARM64 (as of Logic Pro 10.6)TypeMIDI sequencer and...

Asura fulvimarginata

Species of moth Asura fulvimarginata Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Arthropoda Class: Insecta Order: Lepidoptera Superfamily: Noctuoidea Family: Erebidae Subfamily: Arctiinae Genus: Asura Species: A. fulvimarginata Binomial name Asura fulvimarginataHampson, 1904 Asura fulvimarginata is a moth of the family Erebidae. It is found in India.[1] References Wikimedia Commons has media related to Asura fulvimarginata. ^ Beccaloni, G.; Scoble, M.; K...

Asfordby F.C.

Football clubAsfordbyFull nameAsfordby Football ClubFounded1976; 48 years ago (1976)GroundAsfordby Acres, AsfordbyChairmanSimon AtherleyManagerSimon AtherleyLeagueUnited Counties League Division One2023–24United Counties League Division One, 21st of 21 (relegated) Home colours Asfordby Football Club is a football club based in Asfordby, England. They are currently members of the United Counties League Division One and play at Asfordby Acres, Asfordby. History In 1976, Asfo...

Nekropolis Tembok Kremlin

Artikel atau sebagian dari artikel ini mungkin diterjemahkan dari Kremlin Wall Necropolis di en.wikipedia.org. Isinya masih belum akurat, karena bagian yang diterjemahkan masih perlu diperhalus dan disempurnakan. Jika Anda menguasai bahasa aslinya, harap pertimbangkan untuk menelusuri referensinya dan menyempurnakan terjemahan ini. Anda juga dapat ikut bergotong royong pada ProyekWiki Perbaikan Terjemahan. (Pesan ini dapat dihapus jika terjemahan dirasa sudah cukup tepat. Lihat pula: panduan ...

Astilbe

Genus of flowering plants in the family Saxifragaceae Astilbe Astilbe arendsii in flower Scientific classification Kingdom: Plantae Clade: Tracheophytes Clade: Angiosperms Clade: Eudicots Order: Saxifragales Family: Saxifragaceae Genus: AstilbeBuch.-Ham. ex D.Don Type species Astilbe rivularisBuch.-Ham. ex D.Don Species[1] 28; see text Synonyms[1] Hoteia C.Morren & Decne. (1834) Astilbe /əˈstɪlbiː/[2] is a genus of 18 species of rhizomatous flowering plants wit...

92e cérémonie des Oscars

92e cérémonie des Oscars Oscars du cinéma Organisée par l'Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences Détails Date 9 février 2020 Lieu Théâtre Dolby, Los Angeles États-Unis Site web http://oscar.go.com/ Résumé Meilleur film Parasite Meilleur film étranger Parasite Corée du Sud Film le plus nommé Joker (11) Film le plus récompensé Parasite (4) Chronologie 91e cérémonie des Oscars 93e cérémonie des Oscars modifier La 92e cérémonie des Oscars du ciném...

Music of Aragon

Music of a geographical region You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Spanish. (April 2023) Click [show] for important translation instructions. View a machine-translated version of the Spanish article. Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translat...