PROFILPELAJAR.COM

Symphyotrichum drummondii
Conservation status
	; Secure (NatureServe)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Asterids
Order:	Asterales
Family:	Asteraceae
Subtribe:	Symphyotrichinae
Genus:	Symphyotrichum
Subgenus:	Symphyotrichum subg. Symphyotrichum
Section:	Symphyotrichum sect. Symphyotrichum
Species:	S. drummondii
Binomial name
	Symphyotrichum drummondii; (Lindl.) G.L.Nesom
Infraspecies
	S. drummondii var. drummondii; S. drummondii var. texanum (E.S.Burgess) G.L.Nesom;
	Native distribution
Synonyms
	Synonyms of species Aster drummondii Lindl. ex Hook.; Aster sagittifolius var. drummondii (Lindl. ex Hook.) Shinners; Synonyms of varieties S. d. var. drummondii Aster drummondii var. rhodactis Benke ; S. d. var. texanum Aster coahuilensis S.F.Blake ; Aster drummondii subsp. parviceps (Shinners) A.G.Jones ; Aster drummondii subsp. texanus (E.S.Burgess) A.G.Jones ; Aster drummondii var. parviceps (Shinners) A.G.Jones ; Aster drummondii var. texanus (E.S.Burgess) A.G.Jones ; Aster texanus E.S.Burgess ; Aster texanus var. parviceps Shinners ; Symphyotrichum drummondii var. parviceps (Shinners) G.L.Nesom ; Symphyotrichum texanum (E.S.Burgess) Semple ;

Symphyotrichum drummondii (formerly Aster drummondii) is a species of flowering plant of the family Asteraceae native to the central and eastern United States. The common name Drummond's aster has been used for the species. There also is an accepted variety native to the south-central United States and northeast Mexico named S. drummondii var. texanum. This variety has the common name of Texas aster. The species is a perennial, herbaceous plant that may reach 120 centimeters (4 feet) in height.

Description

Symphyotrichum drummondii is a perennial, herbaceous plant that may reach 120 centimeters (4 feet) in height.^[5]

Roots, stems, and leaves

Flowers

Involucres and phyllaries

Florets

Fruit

Taxonomy

Symphyotrichum drummondii is classified in the subgenus Symphyotrichum, section Symphyotrichum, subsection Heterophylli, series Cordifolii.^[6] The species' common name is "Drummond's aster".^[5] In addition to the autonym of S. drummondii var. drummondii, there is an accepted variety native to the south-central United States and northeast Mexico named S. drummondii var. texanum.^[2] This variety has the common name of "Texas aster".^[7]

Placement within Symphyotrichum subg. Symphyotrichum

Symphyotrichum
subg. Symphyotrichum

sect. Conyzopsis^{[ref 2]}^: 271

	S. ciliatum

	S. frondosum

	S. laurentianum

sect. Occidentales^{[ref 2]}^: 271

	S. chilense

	S. eatonii

	S. foliaceum

	S. greatae

	S. hallii

	S. hendersonii

	S. jessicae

	S. lentum

	S. molle

	S. spathulatum

	S. subspicatum

sect. Turbinelli^{[ref 1]}^: 133

S. turbinellum

sect. Symphyotrichum^{[ref 2]}^: 268

ssect. Dumosi^{[ref 2]}^: 269

	S. boreale

	S. bullatum

	S. burgessii

	S. carnerosanum

	S. dumosum

	S. eulae

	S. lanceolatum

	S. lateriflorum

	S. leone

	S. nahanniense

	S. ontarionis

	S. praealtum

	S. racemosum

	S. schaffneri

	S. simmondsii

	S. tradescantii

	S. welshii

ssect. Heterophylli^{[ref 1]}^: 133

ser. Concinni^{[ref 1]}^: 133

	S. laeve

	S. oolentangiense

ser. Cordifolii^{[ref 1]}^: 133

	S. anomalum

	S. ciliolatum

	S. cordifolium

	S. drummondii

	S. shortii

	S. undulatum

	S. urophyllum

ssect. Porteriani^{[ref 2]}^: 270

	S. depauperatum

	S. kentuckiense

	S. parviceps

	S. pilosum

	S. porteri

ssect. Symphyotrichum

ser. Punicei^{[ref 1]}^: 133

	S. elliottii

	S. firmum

	S. prenanthoides

	S. puniceum

	S. rhiannon

ser. Symphyotrichum

	S. anticostense

	S. novi-belgii

	S. retroflexum

	S. robynsianum

Cladogram references

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Semple, J.C.; Heard, S.B.; Brouillet, L. (2002). "Cultivated and Native Asters of Ontario (Compositae: Astereae)". University of Waterloo Biology Series. 41. Ontario: University of Waterloo: 1–134.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Nesom, G.L. (September 1994). "Review of the Taxonomy of Aster sensu lato (Asteraceae: Astereae), Emphasizing the New World Species". Phytologia. 77 (3) (published 31 January 1995): 141–297. ISSN 0031-9430. Retrieved 23 August 2021 – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.

Chromosomes

S. drummondii has a monoploid number (also called "base number") of eight chromosomes (x = 8). Diploid and tetraploid specimens of the autonym have been found with total chromosome counts of 16 and 32, respectively.^[8] Tetraploids have been found of S. drummondii var. texanum.^[7]

Distribution and habitat

Symphyotrichum drummondii is native to the U.S. states of Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Texas, West Virginia, and Wisconsin, as well as to the state of Coahuila in northeast Mexico.^[2]^[4]

Conservation

As of October 2024^[update], NatureServe listed S. drummondii as Secure (G5) globally; Secure (S5) in Kentucky; Apparently Secure (S4) in Iowa and Mississippi; Imperiled (S2) in Michigan and Ohio; and, Critically Imperiled (S1) in Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia. The species' global status was last reviewed on 2 May 1988.^[1] S. drummondii var. texanum is listed as a Vulnerable Variety (T3), with Kansas and Mississippi as Vulnerable (S3), and Louisiana as Critically Imperiled (S1). This variety's global status was last reviewed by NatureServe on 10 April 2006.^[9]