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Siliana

سليانة
Siliana سليانة
	Siliana Location in Tunisia
	Coordinates: 36°4′55″N 9°22′29″E / 36.08194°N 9.37472°E
Country	Tunisia
Governorate	Siliana Governorate
Delegation(s)	Siliana North, Siliana South
Government
• Mayor	Abdelhamid Hamami (Nidaa Tounes)
Population (2022)
• Total	35,951
Time zone	UTC1 (CET)
postal code	6100

Siliana (Tunisian Arabic: سليانة Siliāna^ⓘ) is a modern farming town in northern Tunisia. It is located at around 36°4′55″N 9°22′29″E / 36.08194°N 9.37472°E / 36.08194; 9.37472, 130 km south-west of the capital Tunis. It is the capital of the Siliana Governorate. It is located 4 miles away from Jama where the Battle of Zama occurred.

Siliana Dam, is located 10 km north of the city of Siliana.

History

During the Second Punic War The battle of Zama took place ten kilometers from Siliana. There was a Roman town here during Roman Empire, it appears on the 4th century Peutinger Map.

Modern Siliana was founded in 1905.

In April 1990 the Silianian people made the first Tunisian revolution against the police, it was the first Tunisian voice ever against the government.

In November 2012, Siliana witnessed clashes between protesters for unemployment and the local police. Both Amnesty International and the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, Navi Pillay called on the authorities to end the use of "excessive force".^[1]

Neighborhoods

Siliana has 17 neighborhoods

Climate

Siliana has a cold semi-arid climate (Köppen climate classification BSk). In winter there is more rainfall than in summer. The average annual temperature in Siliana is 16.9 °C (62.4 °F). About 423 mm (16.65 in) of precipitation falls annually.

Climate data for Siliana (1991–2020, extremes 1953–2024)
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Record high °C (°F)	26.6 (79.9)	32.6 (90.7)	36.2 (97.2)	36.4 (97.5)	43.3 (109.9)	45.8 (114.4)	46.9 (116.4)	46.1 (115.0)	43.0 (109.4)	40.0 (104.0)	30.8 (87.4)	31.3 (88.3)	46.9 (116.4)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	14.4 (57.9)	15.1 (59.2)	18.3 (64.9)	21.7 (71.1)	27.2 (81.0)	32.8 (91.0)	36.2 (97.2)	36.1 (97.0)	30.5 (86.9)	25.9 (78.6)	19.8 (67.6)	15.7 (60.3)	24.5 (76.1)
Daily mean °C (°F)	9.3 (48.7)	9.5 (49.1)	12.0 (53.6)	14.8 (58.6)	19.5 (67.1)	24.2 (75.6)	27.3 (81.1)	27.6 (81.7)	23.6 (74.5)	19.7 (67.5)	14.3 (57.7)	10.6 (51.1)	17.7 (63.9)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	4.2 (39.6)	4.0 (39.2)	5.7 (42.3)	7.9 (46.2)	11.7 (53.1)	15.7 (60.3)	18.5 (65.3)	19.2 (66.6)	16.8 (62.2)	13.4 (56.1)	8.8 (47.8)	5.5 (41.9)	10.9 (51.6)
Record low °C (°F)	−6.5 (20.3)	−4.0 (24.8)	−4.0 (24.8)	−1.4 (29.5)	1.0 (33.8)	5.0 (41.0)	10.5 (50.9)	9.4 (48.9)	8.0 (46.4)	3.0 (37.4)	−2.0 (28.4)	−4.4 (24.1)	−6.5 (20.3)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	55.1 (2.17)	37.2 (1.46)	48.2 (1.90)	42.8 (1.69)	37.1 (1.46)	18.4 (0.72)	11.5 (0.45)	25.5 (1.00)	56.1 (2.21)	43.2 (1.70)	38.7 (1.52)	40.4 (1.59)	454.4 (17.89)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm)	6.8	6.5	6.5	5.9	4.9	2.8	1.7	2.7	6.0	5.1	5.2	6.0	60.2
Average relative humidity (%)	74	71	72	66	62	55	48	54	60	67	71	74	65
Mean monthly sunshine hours	150.0	163.2	209.5	224.7	280.8	307.8	355.9	317.8	240.2	205.6	168.8	145.0	2,769.3
Source 1: Institut National de la Météorologie (humidity 1961-1990, sun 1981–2010)^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]^{[note 1]}
Source 2: NOAA^[7]