Rusazus

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Rusazus
Rusazus is located in Algeria
Rusazus
Shown within Algeria
LocationAlgeria
Coordinates36°54′0″N 4°25′0″E / 36.90000°N 4.41667°E / 36.90000; 4.41667

Rusazus[1] was a Phoenician, Carthaginian, and Roman town located near Cape Corbelin, Algeria. Its ruins are near the town of Azeffoun.[1]

Name

Further information: Maghreb placename etymology

RŠZ (Phoenician: 𐤓‬𐤔‬𐤆‬) was the Phoenician and Punic name of Cape Corbelin and meant "Cape of the Strong One"[2] or "Cape of the Fort".[1] It was hellenized as Rhousazoûs (Ancient Greek: Ῥουσαζοῦς)[3] and Latinized variously as Rusazus,[4] Rusazu,[5] Rusazis,[6] Ruseius,[7] and Rusadum.[8]

As to which "Strong One" might have been meant, Lipiński offers that Azeffoun's name itself might be a Berber memory of a Punic toponym honoring Baal Zephon,[2] who was reckoned a patron of maritime trade. He allows, though, that pending the discovery of such an inscription, mere assonance is also possible.[2]

History

See also: Azeffoun

Rusazus was established as a colony along the trade route between the Strait of Gibraltar and Phoenicia. It consisted of a small fortress south of Cape Corbelin.[1] It eventually fell under Carthaginian control, probably during the 6th century BC.

Under the Romans, it was established as a Roman colony under Augustus.[4] It was part of Mauretania Caesariensis after AD 44.

In late antiquity, it was part of the Vandal Kingdom prior to the Byzantine reconquest of Africa. It was overrun by the Umayyad Caliphate in the 7th century.

Ruins

The site includes a necropolis and the ruins of baths, temples, and Roman-era embankments.

Religion

The Roman town had a Christian bishopric (Latin: Dioecesis Rusaditana).[9][8] It was revived in the 20th century as a Roman Catholic titular see.

List of bishops

References

Citations

  1. ^ a b c d Huss (2006).
  2. ^ a b c Lipiński (2004), p. 397–9.
  3. ^ Ptol., Geogr., Book IV, Ch. ii, §9.
  4. ^ a b Plin., Nat. Hist., Book V, §20.
  5. ^ Tab. Peut., 2.3.
  6. ^ Ant. Itin., 17.2.
  7. ^ Rav. Cosmogr., 40.42.
  8. ^ a b Morcelli (1816), p. 264.
  9. ^ Pius Bonifacius Gams, Series episcoporum Ecclesiae Catholicae, (Leipzig, 1931), p. 468.

Bibliography

  • Huss, Werner (2006), "Rusazus", Brill's New Pauly Encyclopedia of the Ancient World, Leiden: Brill.
  • Lipiński, Edward (2004), Itineraria Phoenicia, Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta, No. 127, Studia Phoenicia, Vol. XVIII, Leuven: Uitgeverij Peeters, ISBN 9789042913448.
  • Morcelli, Stephano Antonio (1816), Africa Christiana, vol.  I, Brescia: Betton. (in Latin)


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