Plains Miwok language

Plains Miwok
Native toUnited States
EthnicityPlains and Sierra Miwok
Extinct1 speaker in 1962;[1] last speaker died late 1990s[2]
Yok-Utian
Language codes
ISO 639-3pmw
Glottologplai1259
ELPPlains Miwok

Plains Miwok, also known as Valley Miwok, was one of the Miwok languages spoken in central California by the Plains Miwok people. It was spoken in the deltas of the San Joaquin and Cosumnes Rivers. Plains Miwok was once one of the most populous Miwok languages. All of the population has shifted to English.

Phonology

Consonants
Bilabial Alveolar Post-
alveolar 		Palatal Velar Glottal
Plosive plain p t tʃ ⟨c⟩ k ʔ ⟨'⟩
voiced b[a] d[a] ɡ[a]
Nasal m n ŋ
Fricative s h
Tap ɾ ⟨r⟩[a]
Approximant w l j ⟨j⟩
  1. ^ a b c d Phonemes taken from Spanish loan words.

Allophones of /b tʃ ɡ n s/ include [β ts ɣ ŋ ʂ].[3]

Vowels
Front Central Back
Close i ɨ ⟨y⟩ u
Mid e ə o
Open a

References

  1. ^ H. Landar in Sebeok (1977)
  2. ^ Plains Miwok at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022) Closed access icon
  3. ^ Callaghan 1984.
  • Callaghan, Catherine A. (1984). Plains Miwok Dictionary. University of California Publications in Linguistics. Vol. 105. Berkeley: University of California Press.
  • Plains Miwok Indians. "Rodriguez-Nieto Guide" Sound Recordings (California Indian Library Collections), LA008. Berkeley: California Indian Library Collections, 1993. "Sound recordings reproduced from the Language Archive sound recordings at the Language Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley".


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