Mosty u Jablunkova

Mosty u Jablunkova
Mosty koło Jabłonkowa
Municipality
General view
General view
Flag of Mosty u Jablunkova
Flag
Coat of arms of Mosty u Jablunkova
Coat of arms
Mosty u Jablunkova is located in Czech Republic
Mosty u Jablunkova
Mosty u Jablunkova
Location in the Czech Republic
Coordinates: 49°31′38″N 18°45′15″E / 49.52722°N 18.75417°E / 49.52722; 18.75417
Country Czech Republic
RegionMoravian-Silesian
DistrictFrýdek-Místek
First mentioned1577
Area
 • Total
33.92 km2 (13.10 sq mi)
Elevation
490 m (1,610 ft)
Population
 (2024-01-01)[1]
 • Total
3,687
 • Density110/km2 (280/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
739 98
Websitewww.mostyujablunkova.cz

Mosty u Jablunkova (until 1949 Mosty; Polish: Mosty koło Jabłonkowaⓘ, German: Mosty bei Jablunkau) is a municipality and village in Frýdek-Místek District in the Moravian-Silesian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 3,700 inhabitants. The municipality has a significant Polish minority.

Etymology

The name literally means "bridges near Jablunkov". It is connected with an ancient trade route passing through swamps and marshes in today's territory of the village. They were bridged by wooden beams and logs by the so-called mostors or mościorze, who gave the village its name.[2]

Geography

Mosty u Jablunkova is located about 33 kilometres (21 mi) southeast of Frýdek-Místek and 46 km (29 mi) southeast of Ostrava. It lies in the historical region of Cieszyn Silesia on the border with Slovakia. The village is located in the Jablunkov Pass. The western half of the municipality lies in the Moravian-Silesian Beskids, the eastern part extends to the Jablunkov Intermontane region, and the northern part extends to the Jablunkov Furrow. The highest point is a contour line below the top of the Severka mountain at 945 m (3,100 ft) above sea level.

History

The first written mention of Mosty u Jablunkova is from 1577 as Mosty Jablunkowske. It belonged to the Duchy of Teschen. The village was founded between 1545 and 1577, during the reign of Duke Wenceslaus III Adam.[3][4]

After Revolutions of 1848 in the Austrian Empire a modern municipal division was introduced in the re-established Austrian Silesia. The village as a municipality was subscribed to the political district of Teschen and the legal district of Jablunkau. According to the censuses conducted in 1880–1910 the population of the municipality grew from 1,959 in 1880 to 2,318 in 1910 with a majority being native Polish-speakers (growing from 98% in 1880 to 98.5% in 1910) accompanied by German-speaking (at most 2% in 1880) and Czech-speaking people (at most 0.3% in 1900). In terms of religion in 1910 the majority were Roman Catholics (98.6%), followed by Protestants (1.1%) and Jews (6 people).[5]

After World War I, Polish–Czechoslovak War and the division of Cieszyn Silesia in 1920, it became a part of Czechoslovakia. Following the Munich Agreement, in October 1938 together with the Trans-Olza region it was annexed by Poland, administratively adjoined to Cieszyn County of Silesian Voivodeship.[6]

The municipality was annexed by Nazi Germany at the beginning of World War II. On 25–26 August 1939 a group of German Abwehr armed agents attacked the rail station in Mosty. The incident became known as Jabłonków incident. After the war it was restored to Czechoslovakia.

Demographics

Polish minority makes up 13.3% of the population.[7]

Historical population
YearPop.±%
18692,346—    
18801,959−16.5%
18901,941−0.9%
19002,193+13.0%
19102,318+5.7%
YearPop.±%
19212,601+12.2%
19303,076+18.3%
19503,358+9.2%
19613,880+15.5%
19704,017+3.5%
YearPop.±%
19804,126+2.7%
19913,971−3.8%
20013,997+0.7%
20113,830−4.2%
20213,662−4.4%
Source: Censuses[8][9]

Transport

Railway station

The I/11 road (part of the European route E75) runs through Mosty u Jablunkova and continues to Slovakia. There are the Mosty u Jablunkova / Čadca road and railway border crossings. The second road border crossing is Šance / Čadca-Milošová

Mosty u Jablunkova is located on the railway line Ostrava–Třinec–Mosty u Jablunkova. The municipality is served by two train stations.[10]

Sport

There is a ski resort with four pistes in the municipality.[11]

In Mosty u Jablunkova is a small aquapark operated by the municipality.[12]

Sights

Church of Saint Hedwig

The historic landmark is the Church of Saint Hedwig. It was built in 1785–1787.[13]

Velká Šance was a part of a unique fortification system built in the 16th–19th centuries which was to prevent the enemy from passing through the Jablunkov Pass. To this day, only the moats with ramparts, the defensive moat and the remains of the walls of the original fortifications have been preserved. There is a visitor centre with exhibitions on the functioning of fortifications and about the weapons of the then crew.[14]

Notable people

References

  1. ^ "Population of Municipalities – 1 January 2024". Czech Statistical Office. 2024-05-17.
  2. ^ "Původ názvu" (in Czech). Obec Mosty u Jablunkova. Retrieved 2022-02-28.
  3. ^ "Vznik obce" (in Czech). Obec Mosty u Jablunkova. Retrieved 2022-02-28.
  4. ^ Panic, Idzi (2011). Śląsk Cieszyński w początkach czasów nowożytnych (1528–1653) [Cieszyn Silesia in the beginnings of Modern Era (1528–1653)] (in Polish). Cieszyn: Starostwo Powiatowe w Cieszynie. p. 166. ISBN 978-83-926929-5-9.
  5. ^ Piątkowski, Kazimierz (1918). Stosunki narodowościowe w Księstwie Cieszyńskiem (in Polish). Cieszyn: Macierz Szkolna Księstwa Cieszyńskiego. pp. 267, 285.
  6. ^ "Ustawa z dnia 27 października 1938 r. o podziale administracyjnym i tymczasowej organizacji administracji na obszarze Ziem Odzyskanych Śląska Cieszyńskiego". Dziennik Ustaw Śląskich (in Polish). 18/1938, poz. 35. Katowice. 31 October 1938. Retrieved 1 July 2014.
  7. ^ "Population Census 2021: Population by selected ethnicity". Public database. Czech Statistical Office. 2021-03-27.
  8. ^ "Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2011" (in Czech). Czech Statistical Office. 2015-12-21.
  9. ^ "Population Census 2021: Population by sex". Public Database. Czech Statistical Office. 2021-03-27.
  10. ^ "Detail stanice Mosty u Jablunkova (Mosty kolo Jabl.)" (in Czech). České dráhy. Retrieved 2024-05-26.
  11. ^ "Lyžování" (in Czech). Ski areál Mosty u Jablunkova. Retrieved 2022-02-28.
  12. ^ "Aquapark" (in Czech). Obec Mosty u Jablunkova. Retrieved 2022-02-28.
  13. ^ "Kostel sv. Hedviky" (in Czech). Obec Mosty u Jablunkova. Retrieved 2022-02-28.
  14. ^ "Historical Fortification Šance". Návštěvnické centrum opevnění Šance. Retrieved 2022-02-28.
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