Dolní Lutyně

Dolní Lutyně
Municipality
Church of Saint John the Baptist
Church of Saint John the Baptist
Flag of Dolní Lutyně
Flag
Coat of arms of Dolní Lutyně
Coat of arms
Dolní Lutyně is located in Czech Republic
Dolní Lutyně
Dolní Lutyně
Location in the Czech Republic
Coordinates: 49°53′58″N 18°25′15″E / 49.89944°N 18.42083°E / 49.89944; 18.42083
Country Czech Republic
RegionMoravian-Silesian
DistrictKarviná
First mentioned1305
Area
 • Total
24.88 km2 (9.61 sq mi)
Elevation
202 m (663 ft)
Population
 (2024-01-01)[1]
 • Total
5,315
 • Density210/km2 (550/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
735 53
Websitewww.dolnilutyne.org

Dolní Lutyně (Polish: Lutynia Dolnaⓘ, German: Deutsch Leuten or Nieder Leuten) is a municipality and village in Karviná District in the Moravian-Silesian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 5,300 inhabitants.

Administrative parts

Municipal office

The village of Věřňovice is an administrative part of Dolní Lutyně.

Geography

Dolní Lutyně is located about 8 kilometres (5 mi) northwest of Karviná and 10 km (6 mi) northeast of Ostrava, on the border with Poland. It lies in the Ostrava Basin, in the historical region of Cieszyn Silesia. The border is partly formed by the Olza River. In the municipal territory are several fishponds and an artificial lake created by flooding a sand quarry.

In the area around the Olza are riparian forests with two nature monuments, Věřňovice[2] and Niva Olše – Věřňovice.[3]

History

The village could have been founded by Benedictine monks from an Orlová monastery, and also it could be a part of a larger settlement campaign taking place in the late 13th century on the territory of what will be later known as Upper Silesia. The first written mention of Lutyně is in a Latin document of Diocese of Wrocław called Liber fundationis episcopatus Vratislaviensis from 1305 as Luthina.[4][5]

Politically the village belonged initially to the Duchy of Teschen, a fee of Kingdom of Bohemia, which after 1526 became part of the Habsburg monarchy.

The large village was later in the 14th century subdivided into two sister settlements. Dolní Lutyně was then known for centuries as "German" (Theutonicum), and the other as "Polish" (Polonicum), now known as Lutyně within Orlová. In 1450 they were together mentioned as Lutynie utrumque Theutonicum et Polonicum.[6]

German Lutyně became a seat of a Catholic parish, mentioned in the register of Peter's Pence payment from 1447 among 50 parishes of Teschen deaconry as Lutina.[7]

From 1700, Lutyně was a property of Taaffe counts who built there a baroque castle as their summer residence. In 1792, Lutyně was acquired by the Moennich family. They used the coal presence for the economic development of the region.[5]

After World War I, Polish–Czechoslovak War and the division of Cieszyn Silesia in 1920, the village became a part of Czechoslovakia. Following the Munich Agreement, in October 1938 together with the Trans-Olza region it was annexed by Poland, administratively organised in Frysztat County of Silesian Voivodeship.[8] The village was then annexed by Nazi Germany at the beginning of World War II. After the war it was restored to Czechoslovakia.

Demographics

As of census 2021, the Polish minority made up 3.7% of the population.[9]

Historical population
YearPop.±%
18692,334—    
18802,748+17.7%
18903,127+13.8%
19003,914+25.2%
19104,724+20.7%
YearPop.±%
19214,884+3.4%
19305,447+11.5%
19504,588−15.8%
19614,893+6.6%
19704,880−0.3%
YearPop.±%
19804,726−3.2%
19914,469−5.4%
20014,771+6.8%
20114,966+4.1%
20215,050+1.7%
Source: Censuses[10][11]

Transport

The D1 motorway passes through the northern part of the municipal territory. On the motorway is the road border crossing Věřňovice (D1) / Gorzyczki to Poland. The I/67 road from Český Těšín to Bohumín runs across the municipality.

Dolní Lutyně is located on the railway lines Ostrava–Mosty u Jablunkova and Petrovice u Karviné–Mošnov.[12]

Sights

The barn

The Catholic Church of Saint John the Baptist was built in the Baroque style in 1740–1746 and replaced an old wooden church. The appearance of the original church with a statue of St. John of Nepomuk, which is older than the new church, has been preserved. In the bell tower is a rare Renaissance bell from the late 15th or early 16th century.[13]

A historical monument is a preserved barn from 1805.[5]

The former Baroque castle is only partially preserved and is in a desolate state.[5]

Notable people

Twin towns – sister cities

See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in the Czech Republic

Dolní Lutyně is twinned with:[14]

References

  1. ^ "Population of Municipalities – 1 January 2024". Czech Statistical Office. 2024-05-17.
  2. ^ "Desítky druhů ptáků, savců a teplomilná květena. I to je Přírodní památka Věřňovice" (in Czech). Czech Radio. 2019-07-02. Retrieved 2022-02-24.
  3. ^ "Niva Olše-Věřňovice" (in Czech). Moravian-Silesian Region. Retrieved 2022-02-24.
  4. ^ Panic, Idzi (2015). Śląsk Cieszyński w średniowieczu (do 1528) [Cieszyn Silesia in Middle Ages (until 1528)] (PDF) (in Polish). Cieszyn: Starostwo Powiatowe w Cieszynie. pp. 297–299, 430. ISBN 978-83-935147-8-6.
  5. ^ a b c d "Historie" (in Czech). Obec Dolní Lutyně. Retrieved 2022-02-24.
  6. ^ Mrózek, Robert (1984). Nazwy miejscowe dawnego Śląska Cieszyńskiego [Local names of former Cieszyn Silesia] (in Polish). Katowice: University of Silesia in Katowice. pp. 108–109. ISSN 0208-6336.
  7. ^ "Registrum denarii sancti Petri in archidiaconatu Opoliensi sub anno domini MCCCCXLVII per dominum Nicolaum Wolff decretorum doctorem, archidiaconum Opoliensem, ex commissione reverendi in Christo patris ac domini Conradi episcopi Wratislaviensis, sedis apostolice collectoris, collecti". Zeitschrift des Vereins für Geschichte und Alterthum Schlesiens (in German). 27. Breslau: H. Markgraf: 361–372. 1893. Archived from the original on 21 September 2013. Retrieved 21 July 2014.
  8. ^ "Ustawa z dnia 27 października 1938 r. o podziale administracyjnym i tymczasowej organizacji administracji na obszarze Ziem Odzyskanych Śląska Cieszyńskiego". Dziennik Ustaw Śląskich (in Polish). 18/1938, poz. 35. Katowice. 31 October 1938. Retrieved 1 July 2014.
  9. ^ "Population Census 2021: Population by selected ethnicity". Public database. Czech Statistical Office. 2021-03-27.
  10. ^ "Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2011" (in Czech). Czech Statistical Office. 2015-12-21.
  11. ^ "Population Census 2021: Population by sex". Public Database. Czech Statistical Office. 2021-03-27.
  12. ^ "Detail stanice Dolní Lutyně" (in Czech). České dráhy. Retrieved 2024-05-20.
  13. ^ "O kostele" (in Czech). Farnost Dolní Lutyně. Retrieved 2022-02-24.
  14. ^ "Přeshraniční spolupráce obcí Dolní Lutyně, Gorzyce a Godów" (PDF). Dolnolutyňské noviny (in Czech). Obec Dolní Lutyně. November 2018. p. 3. Retrieved 2022-02-24.
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