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This is a list of wars and armed conflicts in and involving Canada in chronological order, from the 11th century to the 21st century. It is divided into two main sections.

The first section outlines conflicts that happened in what is now Canada before its confederation in 1867. It includes notable events like the Battle of Vinland, Beaver Wars, Acadian Civil War, and various Anglo-Dutch Wars, highlighting the belligerents involved and the outcomes.

The second section discusses wars involving Canada since its confederation in 1867. It lists conflicts such as the Fenian Raids, Red River Rebellion, Mahdist War, Canada in World War I and Canada in World War II, detailing the combatants, results, and casualties for each event. Ongoing conflicts and military operations, such as the military intervention against the Islamic State and involvement in maritime security operations in response to Houthi attacks are also covered.

List

Colonial conflicts (11th century – 1867)

The following were conflicts that occurred in present-day Canada from the 11th century AD to the mid-19th century, prior to Canadian confederation. Belligerents in these conflicts typically involved colonies in Canada (e.g. New France, the Canadas), and/or First Nations groups residing in the region.

Conflict	Combatant 1	Combatant 2	Result
Battles of Vinland (approximately 1000 CE)	Vikings	Skræling	Skræling victory and Viking withdrawal^[1]
Beaver Wars (1609–1701)	Iroqouis	Algonquian allies	Military stalemate Great Peace of Montreal Growth of French influence in the Great Lakes region Huron-Wendat Confederacy destroyed or assimilated Military refugee migration results in expansion of Iroquois hunting grounds Further Iroquois territorial expansion halted in military campaigns by the Council of Three Fires
Acadian Civil War (1635–1654)	Kingdom of France New France (Saint John Administration)	Kingdom of France New France (Port Royal Administration)	Saint John Administration victory Charles de La Tour restored as governor of Acadia in 1653 Followed by English attacks on French settlements in the Bay of Fundy in 1654
Second Anglo-Dutch War (1665–1667)	Dutch Republic	Kingdom of England Newfoundland Colony	Status quo ante bellum Dutch capture of St. John's in 1665 led by Michiel de Ruyter St. John's retaken by English
Third Anglo-Dutch War (1672–1674)	Dutch Republic	Kingdom of England Colony of Avalon	Status quo ante bellum Dutch capture of Ferryland on 4 September 1673 by ships Green Wife, Arms of Leyden. Schacator, Unity Ferryland retaken by English in 1674
King William's War (1688–1697)	Kingdom of France New France Wabanaki Confederacy	England English America Iroquois	Status quo ante bellum
Queen Anne's War (1702–1713)	Kingdom of France New France Spain Wabanaki Confederacy Caughnawaga Mohawk Choctaw Timucua Apalachee Natchez	England (before 1707) English America British Empire (after 1707) British America Muscogee Chickasaw Yamasee Iroquois Confederacy	British-Allied victory France cedes to Britain the control of Acadia, Newfoundland, Hudson Bay, and Saint Kitts
Dummer's War (1722–1725)	New England Colonies Mohawk	Wabanaki Confederacy Abenaki Pequawket Mi'kmaq Maliseet
King George's War (1744–1748)	Kingdom of France New France Wabanaki Confederacy	British Empire British America Iroquois Confederacy	Status quo ante bellum
Father Le Loutre's War (1749–1755)	Wabanaki Confederacy Mi'kmaw militia Maliseet militia Kingdom of France New France Acadian militia	British Empire Nova Scotia	British victory Beginning of the expulsion of the Acadians in 1755
Seven Years' War (1756–1763)	Kingdom of France New France Wabanaki Confederacy Abenaki Mi'kmaw militia Acadian militia Algonquin Lenape Ojibwa Odawa Shawnee	British Empire British America Iroquois Confederacy Catawba Cherokee (before 1758)	British-Allied victory British military conquest of New France France cedes New France east of the Mississippi River to Great Britain, retaining Saint Pierre and Miquelon, and transfers Louisiana to Spain
Pontiac's War (1763–1766)	British Empire Province of Quebec	Ottawas Ojibwas Potawatomis Hurons Miamis Weas Kickapoos Mascoutens Piankashaws Delawares Shawnees Wyandots Mingos Iroquois	Military stalemate First Nations concede British sovereignty but compel British policy changes
American Revolutionary War (1775–1783)	British Empire Province of Quebec Nova Scotia Onondaga Mohawk Cayuga Seneca Mi'kmaq Cherokee Odawa Muscogee Susquehannock Shawnee	United States France Spain Oneida Tuscarora Catawba Lenape Chickasaw Choctaw Mahican Mi'kmaq Abenaki Cheraw Seminole Pee Dee Lumbee	American-Allied victory Incursions into Quebec and Nova Scotia repulsed Great Britain cedes to the United States the area east of the Mississippi River and south of the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence River Great Britain cedes East Florida, West Florida, and Menorca to Spain
War of 1812 (1812–1815)	British Empire Lower Canada Upper Canada Tecumseh's Confederacy Shawnee Ojibwe Fox Iroquois Miami Mingo Odawa Kickapoo Lenape Mascouten Potawatomi Sauk Wyandot Spain (1814)	United States Choctaw Cherokee Muscogee Seneca	Status quo ante bellum Military stalemate
Pemmican War (1812–1821)	North West Company Metis	Hudson's Bay Company Selkirk's settlers	Merger between the North West Company and Hudson Bay Company
Rebellions of 1837–1838 (1837–1838)	Lower Canada Château Clique Upper Canada Family Compact	Patriotes Republic of Lower Canada Hunters' Lodges Republic of Canada	Government victory Patriote rebellion crushed by loyalist forces; Republic of Canada dismantled Defeat of Hunters' Lodges Unification of Upper and Lower Canada into the Province of Canada

Canada (1867–present)

The following table lists conflicts involving Canada since confederation in 1867. Since that time there have been 26 conflicts with 2 of them currently ongoing:

Conflict	Combatant 1	Combatant 2	Result	Killed	Wounded
Fenian raids (1866–1871)	Canada^[a]	Fenian Brotherhood	Victory Fenians cease raids	22	32
Red River Rebellion (1869-1870)	Canada	Métis	Victory The Wolseley Expedition takes control of Fort Garry (modern day Winnipeg) Louis Riel flees to the United States	1	Unknown
Wolseley Expedition (1870)	Canada	Métis	Victory Red River Rebellion defeated The legislature passes the Manitoba Act in 1870 Red River Colony enters Canada as the province of Manitoba	None	None
Mahdist War (1881–1899)	United Kingdom Canada Egypt	Sudan	Victory Sudan becomes the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, a condominium of the British Empire	16^[2]	Unknown
North-West Rebellion (1885)	Canada	Provisional Government of Saskatchewan (Métis) Cree–Assiniboine	Victory Completion of the Canadian Pacific Railway Trial of Louis Riel	50^[3]	103
Second Boer War (1899–1902)	United Kingdom Canada Australia New Zealand India Ceylon Cape Colony Natal Colony Rhodesia	Orange Free State South African Republic	Victory British sovereignty over the Orange Free State and the Transvaal in accordance with the Treaty of Vereeniging	267^[4]	>250^[5]
First World War (1914–1918)	France United Kingdom Russia United States China Italy Japan Canada Newfoundland Australia New Zealand India South Africa Serbia Montenegro Romania Belgium Greece Portugal Brazil	Germany Austria-Hungary Ottoman Empire Bulgaria	Victory End of the German, Russian, Ottoman, and Austro-Hungarian empires Formation of new countries in Europe and the Middle East Transfer of German colonies and regions of the former Ottoman Empire to other powers Establishment of the League of Nations	66,944^[6]	~172,000^[7]
Russian Civil War (1918–1920)	White Movement France United Kingdom United States China Italy Japan Canada Australia India South Africa Serbia Romania Greece Czechoslovakia Poland Estonia	Russian SFSR Far Eastern Republic Latvian SSR Ukrainian SSR Commune of Estonia Mongolian Communists	Inconclusive/Other Result Victory for the Bolshevik Red Army in Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, South Caucasus, Central Asia, Tuva, and Mongolia; incorporation of those territories into the Russian SFSR and Soviet Union Allied forces withdrawal from Russia Bolshevik victory over White Army The Soviet Union becomes the new Russian power Russian famine of 1921–1922 Victory for pro-independence and anti communist movements in Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and Poland; expulsion of Bolshevik forces from those territories	14	24
Second World War (1939–1945)	Soviet Union United States United Kingdom China France Poland Canada Australia New Zealand India South Africa Yugoslavia Greece Denmark Norway Netherlands Belgium Luxembourg Czechoslovakia Brazil Mexico Ethiopia	Germany Japan Italy Hungary Romania Bulgaria Croatia Slovakia Finland Vichy France Thailand Manchukuo Mengjiang	Victory Collapse of the Third Reich Fall of Japanese and Italian Empires Creation of the United Nations Emergence of the United States and the Soviet Union as superpowers Beginning of the Cold War Beginning of the Atomic Age	~45,300^[8]	~55,000
Korean War (1950–1953)	South Korea United Nations United States United Kingdom Australia Belgium Canada France Philippines Colombia Ethiopia Greece Luxembourg Netherlands New Zealand South Africa Thailand Turkey	North Korea China Soviet Union	Ceasefire Ceasefire armistice North Korean invasion of South Korea repelled UN invasion of North Korea repelled Chinese invasion of South Korea repelled Korean Demilitarized Zone established Little territorial change at the 38th parallel border	516^[9]	1,042
Congo Crisis (1960–1963)	Congo-Léopoldville UNOC	Katanga South Kasai	Victory	Unknown	Unknown
Insurgency in Quebec (1962–1973)	Canada	Front de libération du Québec	Victory FLQ guerrillas are disbanded in 1973, after collapse in 1971.	Unknown	Unknown
Oka Crisis (1990)	Canada	Mohawk Warrior Society	Victory End of Mohawk blockade Federal government purchased the Pines from Municipality of Oka to prevent further development	1^[10]	30^[11]
Persian Gulf War (1990–1991)	Kuwait United States United Kingdom Saudi Arabia France Canada Egypt Syria Qatar United Arab Emirates Oman Bangladesh	Iraq	Victory Removal of Iraqi invasion force from Kuwait Imposition of sanctions against Iraq	None	None
Somali Civil War (1992–1995)	United States United Kingdom Spain Saudi Arabia Malaysia Pakistan Italy India Greece Germany France Canada Botswana Belgium Australia New Zealand	Somali National Alliance	Victory UN humanitarian mandate fulfilled, saving around 100,000 lives Somalia Affair Dissolution of Canadian Airborne Regiment The Somali Civil War is ongoing	1	None
Bosnian War (1992–1995)	Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatia NATO Belgium Canada Denmark France Germany Italy Luxembourg Netherlands Norway Portugal Spain Turkey United Kingdom United States	Republika Srpska	Victory Dayton Accords Internal partition of Bosnia and Herzegovina according to the Dayton Accords Deployment of NATO-led IFOR to oversee the peace agreement Massive civilian casualties for the Bosniak ethnic group	23^[12]	unknown
Operation Medak Pocket (September 9–17, 1993)	Canada France Republic of Serbian Krajina	Croatia	Canadian strategic victory Croatian forces recover Divoselo and Čitluk (in total 48 km²) Croatian withdrawal UN secures Medak Pocket Canada holds out against an army three times its size without suffering casualties.	None	4
Kosovo War (1998–1999)	UÇK (KLA) AFRK (FARK) Albania Croatia NATO Belgium Canada Czech Republic Denmark France Germany Hungary Italy Luxembourg Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Spain Turkey United Kingdom United States	FR Yugoslavia	Victory Kumanovo Treaty Yugoslav security forces pull out of Kosovo KLA veterans join the UÇPMB, starting the Preševo insurgency	None	None
International Force for East Timor (1999–2000)	Australia New Zealand Bangladesh Brazil Canada Denmark France Germany Ireland Italy Jordan Kenya Malaysia Norway Philippines Portugal Singapore South Korea Thailand United States	Pro-Indonesian militia	Victory Defeat of pro-Indonesian militia Stability in East Timor Arrival of UN peacekeepers	None	None
War in Afghanistan (2001–2014)	Afghanistan United States United Kingdom Germany Italy France Canada Australia New Zealand Georgia Poland Romania Turkey ISAF Albania Armenia Austria Azerbaijan Bahrain Belgium Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Croatia Czech Republic Denmark El Salvador Estonia Finland Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Jordan Latvia Lithuania Luxembourg Malaysia Mongolia Montenegro Netherlands Norway Portugal Republic of Macedonia Singapore Slovakia Slovenia South Korea Spain Sweden Switzerland Tonga Ukraine United Arab Emirates Northern Alliance	Taliban al-Qaeda Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan HI-Gulbuddin Hezb-e Islami Khalis Haqqani network Lashkar-e-Taiba Jaish-e-Mohammed East Turkestan Islamic Movement Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan Islamic Emirate of Waziristan Tehreek-e-Nafaz-e-Shariat-e-Mohammadi Islamic Jihad Union Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan	Withdrawal Fall of the Taliban government in Afghanistan Destruction of al-Qaeda camps Over two thirds of al-Qaeda's leadership demolished Occupation of Afghanistan Establishment of a new Afghan government Killing of Osama bin Laden Withdrawal of allied forces, including Canada in 2014. Taliban victory in Afghanistan in the year 2021 after an effective resurgence^[13] Fall of the Afghan National Army (ANA),^[14] which was previously trained by Canadian soldiers^[15] Taliban control of US weapons and equipment following the rapid withdrawal of allied forces^[16]	166^[17]^[18]	2,071^[19]
First Libyan Civil War (2011)	NTC Qatar NATO Belgium Bulgaria Canada Denmark France Greece Italy Netherlands Norway Romania Spain Turkey United Kingdom United States Sweden Jordan United Arab Emirates	Libya	Victory Overthrow of Muammar Gaddafi in Libya Death of Muammar Gaddafi Dissolution of the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya	None	None
Iraqi Civil War (2013–2017)	Iraq^[20] Assyrian Forces (Iraqi command) Iraqi Turkmen Front Iraqi Communist Party Iran Hezbollah Syria^[21] Iraqi Kurdistan^[20] Assyrian Forces (Kurdish command) Sinjar Alliance PKK^[22] Rojava^[22] CJTF–OIR United States United Kingdom Canada^[23]^[24] Australia^[25] France Italy Netherlands Finland^[26] Denmark^[27]	Islamic State Naqshbandi Army (2013–15)	Victory Iraqi territorial integrity preserved ISIL expelled from all strongholds by 11 November 2017^[28]^[29] Iraq declares the defeat of ISIL on 9 December 2017 after securing the western desert with neighbouring Syria^[30] End of open conflict and return of relative stability to Iraq following the end of the war^[31]	1	Unknown
Military intervention against the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (2014–present)	United States United Kingdom Australia Belgium Canada Denmark France Germany Italy Netherlands New Zealand Norway Portugal Spain Sweden Turkey	Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant	Ongoing Airstrikes on ISIL and al-Qaeda affiliates positions in Iraq and Syria Multinational humanitarian effort Arming and support for local ground forces 2 American journalists, 2 British humanitarian workers, and 1 French tourist executed^[32]^[33]^[34] As of February 2016, Canada has discontinued bombing ISIS positions^[35] but still has special operations units in Iraq^[36]	2	At Least 3
Red Sea crisis (2023–present)	Israel United Kingdom United States Canada Australia New Zealand Bahrain Denmark Germany Greece Netherlands Norway Sri Lanka Singapore Seychelles Egypt^[a] France Italy India Pakistan Saudi Arabia^[a]	Supreme Political Council^[b] Houthis Iran^[c] Axis of Resistance Hezbollah^[39] Islamic Resistance in Iraq^[40] Supported by: North Korea (alleged)^[41]	Ongoing Disruption of international maritime trade and the global economy due to Houthi attacks and hijackings Beginning of Operation Prosperity Guardian in December 2023 Canada deploys 3 staff officers and an of unspecified number of land, air and sea support vehicles.^[42] Missile strikes against Houthi-controlled territory in January 2024	Unknown	Unknown

Notes

^ Raids conducted in 1866 occurred in the Province of Canada, and the colony of New Brunswick, prior to Canadian confederation
^ Political legitimacy of all Houthi-led government bodies has been rejected by the United Nations, rival Yemeni factions, the Gulf Cooperation Council, and the United States.
^ The Iranian government has deployed military personnel to Houthi-controlled Yemen, who are actively involved in attacks on commercial shipping.^[37]^[38]^[39]

References

^ "Norse-Indigenous Contact". The Canadian Encyclopedia. 2024-10-25. Retrieved 2024-12-27.
^ "Nile Expedition". The Canadian Encyclopedia.
^ Panet, Charles Eugène (1886). Report upon the suppression of the rebellion in the North-West Territories and matters in connection therewith, in 1885. Ottawa: Department of Militia and Defence, Canada. p. xi – via University of Alberta Libraries.
^ "Canada and the South African War (Boer War) - 1899-1902". Canadian War Museum.
^ "Canada Remembers the South African War Historical Sheet". Veterans Affairs Canada. February 20, 2019.
^ Mougel, Nadège. "World War I casualties" (PDF). Centre européen Robert Schuman.
^ "The First World War". Veterans Affairs Canada. February 20, 2019.
^ "Research Starters: Worldwide Deaths in World War II". The National WWII Museum | New Orleans.
^ "Canada Remembers the Korean War Historical Sheet". Veterans Affairs Canada. February 20, 2019.
^ "Officer shot from Mohawk gunmen's location in pines". The Hamilton Spectator. August 14, 1995.
^ La Crise d'Oka – 11 juillet 1990. YouTube. November 22, 2013. Archived from the original on 2021-12-21.
^ "Canadian Armed Forces operations in Bosnia-Herzegovina". 25 July 2016.
^ dmalloy (2021-08-16). "How the Taliban did it: Inside the 'operational art' of its military victory". Atlantic Council. Retrieved 2024-06-20.
^ "Why Did the Afghan Army Evaporate?". rusi.orghttps. Retrieved 2024-06-20.
^ "A soldier's hard look back at Canada's Afghan mission". Policy Options. Retrieved 2024-06-20.
^ Taylor, Adam (2021-08-22). "The Taliban is flaunting captured U.S. weapons that may be worth billions. Can it use them?". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved 2024-06-20.
^ "Canada and the War in Afghanistan". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Sep 11, 2001. Retrieved Mar 25, 2024. In total, 165 Canadians died during the war in Afghanistan (159 soldiers, 7 civilians). More than 2,000 members of the CAF were wounded or injured during the war.
^ "Fallen Canadians Afghanistan". Veterans Affairs Canada.^{[dead link‍]}
^ "Canadian Forces' Casualty Statistics (Afghanistan)". Canada News Center. 10 June 2013. Retrieved 24 July 2018.
^ ^a ^b Beaumont, Peter (12 June 2014). "How effective is Isis compared with the Iraqi army and Kurdish peshmerga?". The Guardian. Retrieved 14 August 2019.
^
"Syria pounds ISIS bases in coordination with Iraq". Daily Star. 15 June 2014.
- Ali A. Nabhan and Matt Bradley (25 June 2014). "Syrian Warplanes Strike in Western Iraq, Killing at Least 50 People". The Wall Street Journal.
- "Iraqi PM welcomes Syria air strike on border crossing". BBC News. 2014-06-26. Retrieved 2014-07-31.
^ ^a ^b "YNK: PKK and YPG are fighting in Şengal and Rabia against ISIS". 6 August 2014. Retrieved 6 August 2014.
^ "Seven Countries to sell weapons to Kurds". BasNews. 14 August 2014. Retrieved 24 August 2014.
^ "Operation IMPACT". Government of Canada. 19 August 2014.
^ Adam Vidler (31 August 2014). "Australia to take up military role in Iraq conflict". Retrieved 2014-08-31.
^ "Involvement of Finnish SOF in the Battle of Mosul. Dutch government report" (in Dutch). Government of the Netherlands.^{[dead link‍]}
^ "Enhedslisten støtter dansk våbenfly til kurdere i Irak" (in Danish). DR. DR. 24 August 2014. Retrieved 24 August 2014.
^ Coker, Margaret (12 November 2017). "With Iraqi-Kurdish Talks Stalled, Phone Diplomacy Averts New Clashes". New York Times.
^ "Troops force so-called Islamic State from their final stronghold in Iraq". ITV News.
^ "Iraq declares final victory over Islamic State". Reuters. 9 December 2017.
^ "Iraq in 2023: Challenges and prospects for peace and human security | SIPRI". www.sipri.org. 17 March 2023. Retrieved 2023-04-24.
^ Lake, Eli (22 August 2014). "Obama vs ISIS: This time it's personal". The Daily Beast. Retrieved 9 September 2014.
^ "US weighs direct military action against ISIS in Syria". The New York Times. 22 August 2014. Retrieved 9 September 2014.
^ "French hostage beheading: France to boost Syria rebels". BBC News. 25 September 2014. Retrieved 28 September 2014.
^ Mas, Susana. "ISIS airstrikes by Canada to end by Feb. 22, training forces to triple". CBC News.
^ John, Gavin (November 11, 2016). "Canadians making a difference against ISIS in Iraq". Toronto Sun.
^ Solomon, Jay (15 January 2024). "Iran's Revolutionary Guard deployed in Yemen". Semafor. Archived from the original on 26 January 2024. Retrieved 15 January 2024.
^ Landay, Jonathan (8 December 2023). "Biden aide says Iran helps plan, execute attacks by Yemen's Houthis". Reuters. Archived from the original on 12 December 2023. Retrieved 18 January 2024.
^ ^a ^b Nakhoul, Samia; Hafezi, Parisa (20 January 2024). "Exclusive: Iranian and Hezbollah commanders help direct Houthi attacks in Yemen, sources say". Reuters. Archived from the original on 20 January 2024. Retrieved 20 January 2024.
^ "Within 10 days.. 75 Houthis were killed in Western strikes" (in Arabic). Sky News Arabia. 21 January 2024. Archived from the original on 21 January 2024. Retrieved 21 January 2024.
^ "후티 반군 '북한 미사일' 사용 전적 주목...최근 '한글 표기' 발견되기도". Voice of America (in Korean). 19 January 2024. Archived from the original on 19 January 2024. Retrieved 3 February 2024.
^ "Canada to participate in United States-led Operation Prosperity Guardian". www.canada.ca. National Defence. 19 December 2023. Archived from the original on 20 December 2023. Retrieved 20 December 2023.

[2] Raids conducted in 1866 occurred in the Province of Canada, and the colony of New Brunswick, prior to Canadian confederation

[38] Political legitimacy of all Houthi-led government bodies has been rejected by the United Nations, rival Yemeni factions, the Gulf Cooperation Council, and the United States.

[42] The Iranian government has deployed military personnel to Houthi-controlled Yemen, who are actively involved in attacks on commercial shipping.^[37]^[38]^[39]

[u848-1] "Norse-Indigenous Contact". The Canadian Encyclopedia. 2024-10-25. Retrieved 2024-12-27.

[3] "Nile Expedition". The Canadian Encyclopedia.

[4] Panet, Charles Eugène (1886). Report upon the suppression of the rebellion in the North-West Territories and matters in connection therewith, in 1885. Ottawa: Department of Militia and Defence, Canada. p. xi – via University of Alberta Libraries.

[5] "Canada and the South African War (Boer War) - 1899-1902". Canadian War Museum.

[6] "Canada Remembers the South African War Historical Sheet". Veterans Affairs Canada. February 20, 2019.

[7] Mougel, Nadège. "World War I casualties" (PDF). Centre européen Robert Schuman.

[8] "The First World War". Veterans Affairs Canada. February 20, 2019.

[9] "Research Starters: Worldwide Deaths in World War II". The National WWII Museum | New Orleans.

[10] "Canada Remembers the Korean War Historical Sheet". Veterans Affairs Canada. February 20, 2019.

[11] "Officer shot from Mohawk gunmen's location in pines". The Hamilton Spectator. August 14, 1995.

[12] La Crise d'Oka – 11 juillet 1990. YouTube. November 22, 2013. Archived from the original on 2021-12-21.

[13] "Canadian Armed Forces operations in Bosnia-Herzegovina". 25 July 2016.

[14] y (2021-08-16). "How the Taliban did it: Inside the 'operational art' of its military victory". Atlantic Council. Retrieved 2024-06-20.

[15] "Why Did the Afghan Army Evaporate?". rusi.orghttps. Retrieved 2024-06-20.

[16] "A soldier's hard look back at Canada's Afghan mission". Policy Options. Retrieved 2024-06-20.

[17] Taylor, Adam (2021-08-22). "The Taliban is flaunting captured U.S. weapons that may be worth billions. Can it use them?". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved 2024-06-20.

[The_Canadian_Encyclopedia_2001_e998-18] "Canada and the War in Afghanistan". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Sep 11, 2001. Retrieved Mar 25, 2024. In total, 165 Canadians died during the war in Afghanistan (159 soldiers, 7 civilians). More than 2,000 members of the CAF were wounded or injured during the war.

[19] "Fallen Canadians Afghanistan". Veterans Affairs Canada.^{[dead link‍]}

[20] "Canadian Forces' Casualty Statistics (Afghanistan)". Canada News Center. 10 June 2013. Retrieved 24 July 2018.

[IsisIraqiArmyPeshmerga-21] Beaumont, Peter (12 June 2014). "How effective is Isis compared with the Iraqi army and Kurdish peshmerga?". The Guardian. Retrieved 14 August 2019.

[syria-22] "Syria pounds ISIS bases in coordination with Iraq". Daily Star. 15 June 2014.
Ali A. Nabhan and Matt Bradley (25 June 2014). "Syrian Warplanes Strike in Western Iraq, Killing at Least 50 People". The Wall Street Journal.

"Iraqi PM welcomes Syria air strike on border crossing". BBC News. 2014-06-26. Retrieved 2014-07-31.

[25] Ali A. Nabhan and Matt Bradley (25 June 2014). "Syrian Warplanes Strike in Western Iraq, Killing at Least 50 People". The Wall Street Journal.

[26] "Iraqi PM welcomes Syria air strike on border crossing". BBC News. 2014-06-26. Retrieved 2014-07-31.

[pkkypg-23] "YNK: PKK and YPG are fighting in Şengal and Rabia against ISIS". 6 August 2014. Retrieved 6 August 2014.

[militaryaid-24] "Seven Countries to sell weapons to Kurds". BasNews. 14 August 2014. Retrieved 24 August 2014.

[25] "Operation IMPACT". Government of Canada. 19 August 2014.

[auto6-26] Adam Vidler (31 August 2014). "Australia to take up military role in Iraq conflict". Retrieved 2014-08-31.

[27] "Involvement of Finnish SOF in the Battle of Mosul. Dutch government report" (in Dutch). Government of the Netherlands.^{[dead link‍]}

[auto7-28] "Enhedslisten støtter dansk våbenfly til kurdere i Irak" (in Danish). DR. DR. 24 August 2014. Retrieved 24 August 2014.

[Stalled-29] Coker, Margaret (12 November 2017). "With Iraqi-Kurdish Talks Stalled, Phone Diplomacy Averts New Clashes". New York Times.

[30] "Troops force so-called Islamic State from their final stronghold in Iraq". ITV News.

[Reuters-31] "Iraq declares final victory over Islamic State". Reuters. 9 December 2017.

[32] "Iraq in 2023: Challenges and prospects for peace and human security | SIPRI". www.sipri.org. 17 March 2023. Retrieved 2023-04-24.

[33] Lake, Eli (22 August 2014). "Obama vs ISIS: This time it's personal". The Daily Beast. Retrieved 9 September 2014.

[34] "US weighs direct military action against ISIS in Syria". The New York Times. 22 August 2014. Retrieved 9 September 2014.

[35] "French hostage beheading: France to boost Syria rebels". BBC News. 25 September 2014. Retrieved 28 September 2014.

[36] Mas, Susana. "ISIS airstrikes by Canada to end by Feb. 22, training forces to triple". CBC News.

[37] John, Gavin (November 11, 2016). "Canadians making a difference against ISIS in Iraq". Toronto Sun.

[semafor-39] Solomon, Jay (15 January 2024). "Iran's Revolutionary Guard deployed in Yemen". Semafor. Archived from the original on 26 January 2024. Retrieved 15 January 2024.

[40] Landay, Jonathan (8 December 2023). "Biden aide says Iran helps plan, execute attacks by Yemen's Houthis". Reuters. Archived from the original on 12 December 2023. Retrieved 18 January 2024.

[hez-41] Nakhoul, Samia; Hafezi, Parisa (20 January 2024). "Exclusive: Iranian and Hezbollah commanders help direct Houthi attacks in Yemen, sources say". Reuters. Archived from the original on 20 January 2024. Retrieved 20 January 2024.

[skyar-43] "Within 10 days.. 75 Houthis were killed in Western strikes" (in Arabic). Sky News Arabia. 21 January 2024. Archived from the original on 21 January 2024. Retrieved 21 January 2024.

[North_Korea-44] "후티 반군 '북한 미사일' 사용 전적 주목...최근 '한글 표기' 발견되기도". Voice of America (in Korean). 19 January 2024. Archived from the original on 19 January 2024. Retrieved 3 February 2024.

[45] "Canada to participate in United States-led Operation Prosperity Guardian". www.canada.ca. National Defence. 19 December 2023. Archived from the original on 20 December 2023. Retrieved 20 December 2023.

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PROFILPELAJAR.COM

List of wars involving Canada

List

Colonial conflicts (11th century – 1867)

Canada (1867–present)

See also

Notes

References

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