List of private spaceflight companies
This article's
factual accuracy may be compromised due to out-of-date information.
Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (April 2020 )
Private spaceflight companies include non-governmental or privately-owned entities focused on developing and/or offering equipment and services geared towards spaceflight , both robotic and human . This list includes both inactive and active entities.
Commercial astronauts
Manufacturers of space vehicles
Cargo transport vehicles
Company name
Spacecraft
Launch system
Length (m)
Dry mass (kg)
Launch mass (kg)
Payload (kg)
Payload volume (m3 )
Return payload (kg)
Diameter (m)
Generated power (W)
Automated docking
Status
SpaceX
Dragon
Falcon 9 Block 5
6.1
4,200 [ 4] 10,200
6,000 [ 5] [ 6] 10.0 (pressurized), plus 14 (unpressurized), or 34 (unpressurized with extended trunk)[ 7] 3,000 capsule return[ 8] 3.7
2,000 [ 9] No
Retired (21/22)
Dragon 2
Falcon 9 Block 5
8.1
6,400
6,000 [ 5] 10.0 (pressurized), plus 14 (unpressurized)
3,000 [ 5] 3.7
Yes
Operational (10/10)
Orbital
Cygnus (standard)
Antares 110
5.14
1,500 [ 10]
2,000 [ 10] 18.9 [ 10] 3.07
3,500 [ 11] No
Retired (3/4)
Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems
Cygnus (enhanced)
Antares 230 Atlas V 401 Falcon 9 Block 5
6.34
1,800 [ 12]
3,500 [ 12] 27 [ 12] 3.07
No
Operational (16/16)
Sierra Space
Dream Chaser Cargo System
Atlas V Vulcan [ 13] 16.8 [ 14]
5,000 pressurized, 500 unpressurized[ 15]
1,750 [ 15]
Yes
Development
Crew transport vehicles
Orbital
* - Format: Crewed (Uncrewed), includes failures
^ Number of seats will be 4 for crew member rotations for the ISS
^ Although designed to be capable of flying to anywhere in the solar system, this vehicle's intended maximum range is Mars
^ Plus fins/legs
Suborbital
Company name
Spacecraft
Range
Launch
Crew
Length (m)
Diameter (m)
Launch mass (kg)
First
Status
Scaled Composites
SpaceShipOne
100 km (62 mi)
White Knight
1
8.53
8.05
3,600
21 June 2004
Retired (3/3)[ note 1]
Blue Origin
New Shepard Crew Capsule
114 km (71 mi) (capsule, using the launch escape system motor)
New Shepard
6
3.6
Crewed: July 20, 2021
(Uncrewed: April 29, 2015)
Operational (23/24)
The Spaceship Company
SpaceShipTwo
110 km (68 mi)
White Knight Two
8 (2 Pilots, 6 Passengers)
18.3
8.3
9,740
13 December 2018
Testing (10/11)[ note 2]
Copenhagen Suborbitals [ note 3] Tycho Deep Space
105 km (65 mi)
Spica
1
13
0.955
4,000
Planned date not known
Development
PD AeroSpace
(Unknown)
110 km (68 mi)[ 25]
(Unknown)
8 (6 passengers, 2 pilots)
14.8[ 26]
>6,000
Planned date not known
Development
World View
Explorer Capsule
30 km (19 mi)
Stratospheric Balloon
10 (8 passengers, 1 pilot, 1 concierge)
5.5
4,500
Planned 2024
Development
* - Format: Crewed (Uncrewed), includes failures
^ Does not include crewed atmospheric flights
^ Does not include powered flights not intended to reach space
^ Denmark's amateur human space program.
Launch vehicle manufacturers
Research craft and tech demonstrators
Propulsion manufacturers
Company name
Engine
Engine type
Applications
Status
Ref
Accion Systems Inc.
MAX-1, TILE
electrospray ion
small satellite /CubeSat
Development
[ 208] [ 209]
Ad Astra Rocket Company
VASIMR
plasma propulsion
space tug/orbital transfer vehicle
Development
[ 210]
ARCA
Executor
LOX /RP-1
IAR 111 , Haas 2 , Haas 2b , Super Haas
Development
ArianeGroup
Vulcain
LH2 /LOX
Ariane 5 /Ariane 6 Main stage
Operational
Blue Origin
BE-3
LH2 /LOX
New Shepard
Operational
BE-4
LOX /CH4 Vulcan , New Glenn
Testing
CU Aerospace
PUC
microcavity discharge
small satellite /CubeSat
Development
[ 211] [ 212]
CHIPS
resistojet
small satellite /CubeSat
Development
[ 212] [ 213]
PPT-11
pulsed plasma
small satellite /CubeSat
Development
[ 214] [ 215]
Exo Terra Resource
Halo
Hall effect
small satellite /CubeSat
Development
[ 216]
Firefly Aerospace
Reaver
LOX /RP-1
Firefly Alpha first stage
Operational
Miranda
LOX /RP-1
Firefly MLV first stage
Development
[ 64]
Reaction Engines Ltd.
SABRE
hybrid air-breathing /chemical
Skylon
Development
[ 217]
Rocket Lab
Rutherford
LOX /RP-1
Electron first stage
Operational
Rutherford Vacuum
LOX /RP-1
Electron second stage
Operational
Archimedes
LOX /CH4 Neutron first stage
Development
[ 218]
Sierra Space
VR35K-A
LH2 /LOX
Upper Stage
Development
[ 219]
SpaceDev
RocketMotorOne
hybrid
SpaceShipOne
Retired
[ 220]
SpaceX
Kestrel
LOX /RP-1
Falcon 1 second stage
Retired
Merlin
LOX /RP-1
Falcon 1 , Falcon 9 , Falcon Heavy first stage/boosters
Operational
[ 221] [ 222] [ 150]
Merlin Vacuum
LOX /RP-1
Falcon 9 second stage, Falcon Heavy second stage
Operational
[ 222] [ 150]
Raptor
LOX /CH4 SpaceX Mars transportation infrastructure , Starship , Starship HLS
Operational
[ 223]
Virgin Galactic
RocketMotorTwo
hybrid
SpaceShipTwo
Operational
Ursa Major Technologies
Hadley
Jet-A /LOX
Hypersonics, Boost Stage, Upper Stage
Development
[ 224] [ 225]
Satellite launchers
Space-based economy
Space manufacturing
Space mining
Space stations
Private Company name
Space Craft name
Space Craft type
Internal
Passenger
Craft status
Orbit Around
Ref
Axiom Space
Axiom International Commercial Space Station
Rigid Module
8[ 241] [better source needed
Development (2016)
Earth
[ 242] [ 243]
Bigelow Aerospace
Genesis I subscale test spacecraft
Inflatable module
11.5 m3 (406 cu ft)[ 244]
Uncrewed
Derelict , on orbit[ 245] Earth
[ 244]
Genesis II subscale test spacecraft
Inflatable module
11.5 m3 (406 cu ft)
Uncrewed
Derelict , on orbit[ 245] [ 246] Earth
[ 247] [ 248]
Galaxy
Inflatable module
16.7 m3 (590 cu ft)[ 249] [ 250]
Uncrewed
Cancelled
Earth
[ 251]
Sundancer
Inflatable module
180 m3 (6,357 cu ft)
3
Cancelled
Earth
[ 252]
BA 330
Inflatable module
330 m3 (11,654 cu ft)
6
Cancelled[ 253]
Earth
[ 254] [ 255] [ 256]
BA 2100
Inflatable module
2,100 m3 (74,161 cu ft)
16
Cancelled[ 253]
Earth
[ 257]
Space Complex Alpha
Inflatable space station
690 m3 (24,367 cu ft)
12
Cancelled
Earth
Excalibur Almaz
Almaz derivativeRigid module
3
Cancelled
Earth
[ 258] [ 259] [ 260]
Galactic Suite Ltd.
Galactic Suite
Rigid module
6
Proposed (2007)
Earth
[ 261]
Orion Span
Aurora Space Station
Rigid module
160 m3 (5,650 cu ft)
6 (2 Crew, 4 Tourists)
Proposed (2018)
Earth
[ 262] [ 263]
Sierra Space
Large Inflatable Fabric Environment
Inflatable module
300 m3 (10,594 cu ft)
4
Testing
Moon/Mars
[ 264]
Blue Origin
Orbital Reef
Rigid module
830 m3 (29,311 cu ft)
TBA
Development (2021)
Earth
[ 265]
Spacecraft component developers and manufacturers
Company
Products
Refs
Altius Space Machines
Rendezvous and capture technology for uncooperative satellites; magnetoshell aerocapture and aerobraking technology for CubeSats ; lightweight robotic manipulators[when?
[citation needed
Andrews Space
Reusable space vehicles; HTHL spacecraft; magnetorquers [when?
[citation needed
Alén Space
NanoSats and CubeSats
[ 266]
Astranis
MicroGEO Satellites
TESBL Aerospace Corporation
In-space services; Solar Array Drive Actuators (SADA); microgravity payload integration, as of 2019[update]
[ 267] [ 268]
Axelspace [ja ]
CubeSats
[ 269]
CesiumAstro
Active phased array communications payloads that include RF inter-satellite links as of 2017.
[ 270] [ 271]
Craig Technologies
Small satellite deployment services (up to 110 kg); microgravity payload integration[when?
[ 272]
EADS Astrium Satellites
Spacecraft and ground segment elements
[citation needed
EADS Astrium Space Transportation
Launchers and orbital infrastructure
[citation needed
Innovative Solutions In Space
CubeSat manufacture and operation, as of 2018[update] [ 273]
Made in Space
3D printers for use in microgravityas of 2013[update] [ 274]
Mynaric
Laser communication for satellites and aircraft
[ 275]
Portal Space Systems
Satellite buses with a solar thermal propulsion system
[ 276] [ 277]
RUAG Space
Antenna Pointing Mechanisms; Solar Array Drive Assembly (SADA); satellite components; launchers and structures as of 2009[update]
[ 278] [better source needed
SpaceDev
Small spacecraft; propulsion products and services; space components, mechanisms and structures[when?
[ 279]
SpaceQuest, Ltd.
Spacecraft and spacecraft components[when?
[citation needed
Xplore
Satellite payload transport and hosting in Earth orbit and Beyond Earth orbit (BEO) destinations, including flight to asteroids, Venus, and Mars. Active as of 2020[update]
[ 280]
Cosmic Shielding Corporation
Radiation Shielding materials for spacecraft and spacesuits; Space Weather Forecasting and Mitigation
[ 232]
ADDMAN Engineering
Metallurgy development and production of components including thrusters, injectors, cold plates, hot gas manifolds to space and hypersonic industry, especially refractory metals (Titatnium, Niobium) as of 2020
Spaceliner companies
See also
References
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