List of freshwater aquarium plant species

Bolbitis heudelotii, one of hundreds of aquatic plants found in the hobby

Aquatic plants are used to give the freshwater aquarium a natural appearance, oxygenate the water, absorb ammonia, and provide habitat for fish, especially fry (babies) and for invertebrates. Some aquarium fish and invertebrates also eat live plants. Hobbyists use aquatic plants for aquascaping, of several aesthetic styles.

Most of these plant species are found either partially or fully submerged in their natural habitat. Although there are a handful of obligate aquatic plants that must be grown entirely underwater, most can grow fully emersed if the soil is moist. Though some are just living at the water margins, still, they can live in the completely submerged habitat.

By scientific name

The taxonomy of most plant genera is not final. Scientific names listed here may, therefore, contradict other sources. Many of these species are dangerous invasives and should be disposed of in a way that guarantees that they will not enter local waters.

Common aquarium plant species:

Algae

Main article: Freshwater aquarium algae

Most algae in hobby aquaria are unwanted, nuisance plants. Few algae, such as marimo (Aegagropila linnaei), are sought after and intentionally cultivated in freshwater aquaria.

False aquatics or pseudo-aquarium plants

Several species of terrestrial plants are frequently sold as "aquarium plants". While such plants are beautiful and can survive and even flourish for months under water, they will eventually die and must be removed so their decay does not contaminate the aquarium water. These plants have no necessary biology to live underwater.

Images

Photos

  • Acorus calamus
    Acorus calamus
  • Anubias barteri var. glabra
    Anubias barteri var. glabra
  • Aponogeton distachyos
    Aponogeton distachyos
  • Bacopa monnieri
    Bacopa monnieri
  • Damasonium californicum
    Damasonium californicum
  • Echinodorus cordifolius
    Echinodorus cordifolius
  • Elodea canadensis
    Elodea canadensis
  • Eriocaulon decangulare
    Eriocaulon decangulare
  • Elodea densa
    Elodea densa
  • Nymphaea lotus
    Nymphaea lotus
  • Nymphoides peltata
    Nymphoides peltata
  • Ranunculus aquatilis
    Ranunculus aquatilis
  • Sagittaria sagittifolia
    Sagittaria sagittifolia
  • Sagittaria latifolia
    Sagittaria latifolia
  • Trapa natans
    Trapa natans
  • Utricularia vulgaris (common bladderwort)
    Utricularia vulgaris (common bladderwort)
  • Vallisneria americana
    Vallisneria americana

Illustration

  • Eleocharis dulcis
    Eleocharis dulcis
  • Hippuris vulgaris
    Hippuris vulgaris
  • Hottonia palustris
    Hottonia palustris
  • Isoetes lacustris
    Isoetes lacustris

References

  1. ^ Li, Fay-Wei; Benito C. Tan; Volker Buchbender; Robbin C. Moran; Germinal Rouhan; Chun-Neng Wang; Dietmar Quandt (2009). "Identifying a mysterious aquatic fern gametophyte" (PDF). Plant Systematics and Evolution. 281 (1–4): 77–86. Bibcode:2009PSyEv.281...77L. doi:10.1007/s00606-009-0188-2. ISSN 0378-2697. S2CID 14599652.
  2. ^ "Staurogyne — The Plant List".

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