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Aponogeton madagascariensis
Conservation status
	; Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Monocots
Order:	Alismatales
Family:	Aponogetonaceae
Genus:	Aponogeton
Species:	A. madagascariensis
Binomial name
	Aponogeton madagascariensis; (Mirb.) H. Bruggen
	Aponogeton madagascariensis is native to the Comoros and Madagascar. It has been introduced to Mauritius.
Synonyms
	Urirandra madagascariensis Mirb.; Aponogeton fenestralis (Pers.) Hook.f.; Aponogeton fenestralis var. major Baum; Aponogeton guillotii Hochr.; Aponogeton henkelianus Baum; Aponogeton madagascariensis var. henkelianus (Baum) H.Bruggen; Aponogeton madagascariensis var. major (Baum) H.Bruggen; Hydrogeton fenestralis Pers.; Urirandra fenestralis (Pers.) Poir.;

Aponogeton madagascariensis is commonly known as Madagascar laceleaf, lattice leaf or lace plant. It is an aquatic plant native to Madagascar, popularly sold for use in aquariums.

Description

It is an aquatic monocotyledonous perennial plant with tuberous rhizomes 3 centimetres (1.2 in) in diameter. The leaves are oblong, the leaf blade 15–55 cm long and from 5–16 cm broad, with a total leaf length including the petiole of up to 65 centimetres (26 in). The leaves spread horizontally beneath the surface of the water, and are little more than a lattice-like skeletal network of veins with no tissue between. The flowers are produced on an erect spike up to 1 metre (39 in) long, protruding up to 20 centimetres (7.9 in) above the water surface. There seem to be several forms of this plant in cultivation, some large, some much smaller.^[3]^[4]

Cultivation and uses

The tuberous roots are edible. It requires water temperatures of 15-26 °C and pH of 5-7.5, growing best in low light outdoors.^[5]^[6]^[7] The substrate should be rich in nutrients.^{[citation needed]}

It is a speciality in botanical gardens all over the world. It was once in such high demand that it came close to extinction in its natural habitat in Madagascar.^[8]

A. madagascariensis is often regarded as a difficult plant to cultivate. This is due to several factors: 1) it needs bright indoor light to thrive; this encourages the growth of algae on the lattice-like leaves; which is difficult to remove; 2) newly imported bulbs grow well in their first year, but often fail in their second year, apparently due to a lack of food storage in the bulbs (cause still unknown); 3) seeds may be produced, but often fail to germinate or thrive. Some enthusiasts recommend strong water movement and a high filtration rate for this plant.^{[citation needed]}

References

^ Manjato, N., Rakotonirina, N. & Phillipson, P. 2020. Aponogeton madagascariensis (amended version of 2017 assessment). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020: e.T88495173A177456553. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T88495173A177456553.en. Accessed on 23 July 2023.
^ ^a ^b "Aponogeton madagascariensis (Mirb.) H.Bruggen". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 23 July 2023.
^ Bruggen, H. W. E. van (1968) "Revision of the genus Aponogeton (Aponogetonaceae) 1. The species of Madagascar" Blumea 16:249–250.
^ van Bruggen, H. W. E. (1985). "Monograph of the genus Aponogeton (Aponogetonaceae)". Bibliotheca Botanica. 33 (137). Stuttgart: E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung: i–viii, 1–76. ISBN 978-3-510-48008-1. ISSN 0067-7892. Retrieved 2010-03-13.
^ Tropica: Aponogeton madagascariensis
^ Huxley, A., ed. (1992). New RHS Dictionary of Gardening. Macmillan ISBN 0-333-47494-5.
^ Aquabase: Aponogeton madagascariensis (in French) Archived 2011-09-29 at the Wayback Machine
^ Hiscock, P. (2003). Encyclopedia of Aquarium Plants. Interpret Publishing, United States and Canada ISBN 0-7641-5521-0.

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Lattice Leaf Plant". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.