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Lemna gibba
Conservation status
	; Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)
	; Apparently Secure (NatureServe)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Monocots
Order:	Alismatales
Family:	Araceae
Genus:	Lemna
Species:	L. gibba
Binomial name
	Lemna gibba; L.

Lemna gibba, the gibbous duckweed,^[2] swollen duckweed,^[3] or fat duckweed,^[4] is a species of Lemna (duckweed). It has a simple plant body, known as a thallus, which floats on the surface of the water and measures 3–5 mm (0.12–0.20 in) in diameter.^[5] A single root hangs down into the water. Found in a wide range of still or slow-flowing water bodies, this common duckweed can also grow on mud or damp rocks.

Distribution

Distribution is in temperate areas in Europe, including Britain, to the Himalayas, Africa, South America, and North America. This duckweed is one of Britain's most common small water plants, which forms familiar green mats covering stagnant water bodies.^[6] Widespread throughout Great Britain, but is absent from much of Scotland and Shetland. In Ireland, it is found mainly in the north and east.^[7] Elsewhere, the species has a very wide global distribution, absent only from polar areas and the tropics.^[8]

Distribution information for this species can be accessed via the Charms of Duckweed Archived 2012-08-19 at the Wayback Machine (worldwide) and National Biodiversity Network Gateway (Britain only).

This species spreads mainly through vegetative reproduction,^[9] but flowers are occasionally produced in shallow water exposed to full sun. When covering the entire surface of a pond, it can make the water appear solid, and in parts of the north-west of England, children were scared away from such ponds by the myth of Jenny Green-teeth, a pond elf or monster whose presence was indicated by duckweed; she was said to lure children into ponds and drown them.^[10]

References

^ Kumar, B. & Beentje, H.J. (2017). "Lemna gibba". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T164103A84289063. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-1.RLTS.T164103A84289063.en. Retrieved 19 January 2024.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ Derived from the Latin, gibbus = hump, Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary
^ NRCS. "Lemna gibba". PLANTS Database. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 24 January 2016.
^ BSBI List 2007 (xls). Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-06-26. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
^ Parnell, J. and Curtis, T. 2012. Webb's An Irish Flora. Cork University Press. ISBN 978-185918-4783
^ Mabey, R. (1996) Flora Britannica. Sinclair-Stevenson, London.
^ Hackney, P. (Ed)1992. Stewart & Corry's Flora of the North-east of Ireland. Institute of Irish Studies. The Queen's University of Belfast. ISBN 0 85389 446 9 (HB)
^ Clapham, A.R., Tutin, T.G. and Moore, D.M. (1987) Flora of the British Isles. 3rd Edition. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
^ Preston, C.D., Pearman, D.A. and Dines, T.D. (2002) The New Atlas of the British and Irish Flora. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
^ Grigson, G. (1996) The Englishman's Flora. Helicon, Oxford.