The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross (German: Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes) and its variants were the highest awards in the military of the Third Reich. Recipients are grouped by grades of the Knight's Cross. During or shortly after World War II, 318 German sailors and servicemen of the Kriegsmarine received the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross. Of these, 316 presentations were formally made. Two recipients received the award after 11 May 1945, when Großadmiral Karl Dönitz ordered a cease of promotions and illegalized subsequent awards. The final two recipients are therefore considered to have received the medal without legal authority.[1]
The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross and its higher grades were based on four separate enactments. The first enactment, Reichsgesetzblatt I S. 1573 of 1 September 1939 instituted the Iron Cross (Eisernes Kreuz), the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross and the Grand Cross of the Iron Cross (Großkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes). Article 2 of the enactment mandated that the award of a higher class be preceded by the award of all preceding classes.[2] As the war progressed, some of the recipients of the Knight's Cross distinguished themselves further and a higher grade, the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves (Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes mit Eichenlaub), was instituted. The Oak Leaves, as they were commonly referred to, were based on the enactment Reichsgesetzblatt I S. 849 of 3 June 1940.[3] In 1941, two higher grades of the Knight's Cross were instituted. The enactment Reichsgesetzblatt I S. 613 of 28 September 1941 introduced the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves and Swords (Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes mit Eichenlaub und Schwertern) and the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves, Swords and Diamonds (Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes mit Eichenlaub, Schwertern und Brillanten).[4] At the end of 1944 the final grade, the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Golden Oak Leaves, Swords, and Diamonds (Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes mit goldenem Eichenlaub, Schwertern und Brillanten), based on the enactment Reichsgesetzblatt 1945 I S. 11 of 29 December 1944, became the final variant of the Knight's Cross authorized.[5]
The Oberkommando der Wehrmacht kept separate Knight's Cross lists, one for each of the three military branches, Heer (Army), Kriegsmarine (Navy), Luftwaffe (Air force) and for the Waffen-SS. In each of these lists a unique sequential number was assigned to each recipient. The same numbering paradigm was applied to the higher grades of the Knight's Cross, one list per grade.[6]
This along with the * (asterisk) indicates that the Knight's Cross was awarded posthumously. This along with the ? (question mark) indicates that historian Veit Scherzer has expressed doubt regarding the veracity and formal correctness of the listing.
The Knight's Cross with Oak Leaves, Swords and Diamonds is based on the enactment Reichsgesetzblatt I S. 613 of 28 September 1941 to reward those servicemen who had already been awarded the Oak Leaves with Swords to the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross. It was awarded to twenty-seven German soldiers, sailors and airmen, ranging from young fighter pilots to field marshals. Two recipients were members of the Kriegsmarine.[7] The list is initially sorted by the chronological number assigned to the recipient.
The Knight's Cross with Oak Leaves and Swords is also based on the enactment Reichsgesetzblatt I S. 613 of 28 September 1941 to reward those servicemen who had already been awarded the Oak Leaves to the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross. The list is initially sorted by the chronological number assigned to the recipient.
The Knight's Cross with Oak Leaves was based on the enactment Reichsgesetzblatt I S. 849 of 3 June 1940. The last officially announced number for the Oak Leaves was 843. Higher numbers are unofficial and therefore denoted in brackets.[9] The list is initially sorted by the chronological number assigned to the recipient.
The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross is based on the enactment Reichsgesetzblatt I S. 1573 of 1 September 1939 Verordnung über die Erneuerung des Eisernen Kreuzes (Regulation of the renewing of the Iron Cross). The list is initially sorted by the chronological number assigned to the recipient.
Großadmiral Karl Dönitz ordered a cease of all promotions and awards as of 11 May 1945. Nevertheless, a number of Knight's Crosses were awarded after this without legal authority. At least two members of the Kriegsmarine are often listed as recipients of the Knight's Cross but fall outside of the Dönitz decree. The Oberbefehlshaber der Kriegsmarine General-Admiral Walter Warzecha, successor of General-Admiral Hans-Georg von Friedeburg, without authorization presented Georg-Wolfgang Feller the Knight's Cross on 17 June 1945. Karl Jäckel received his Knight's Cross confirmation after 11 May 1945 and is a de facto but not de jure recipient. Both recipients were delisted by the Association of Knight's Cross Recipients (AKCR).[1]
Clara Kimball Young (1916). Clara Kimball Young, född 6 september 1890 i Chicago, Illinois, USA, död 15 oktober 1960 Woodland Hills, Kalifornien, var en amerikansk skådespelerska. Hennes föräldrar var skådespelare, och Clara gjorde scendebut endast 3 år gammal. Hon var redan en etablerad stjärna inom varietén när hon gjorde filmdebut 1909. Hon var en populär hjältinna i framför allt dramatiska roller på 1910-talet. 1914 utsågs hon till den populäraste filmstjärnan i en omröstni…
Chilean/Argentine pine tree Araucaria araucana Conservation status Endangered (IUCN 3.1)[1] CITES Appendix I (CITES)[2] Scientific classification Kingdom: Plantae Clade: Tracheophytes Clade: Gymnosperms Division: Pinophyta Class: Pinopsida Order: Araucariales Family: Araucariaceae Genus: Araucaria Section: A. sect. Araucaria Species: A. araucana Binomial name Araucaria araucana(Molina) K. Koch Araucaria araucana, commonly called the monkey puzzle tree, monkey tail …
?Geophis sieboldi Охоронний статус Даних недостатньо (МСОП 3.1)[1] Біологічна класифікація Домен: Еукаріоти (Eukaryota) Царство: Тварини (Animalia) Тип: Хордові (Chordata) Клас: Плазуни (Reptilia) Ряд: Лускаті (Squamata) Інфраряд: Змії (Serpentes) Родина: Полозові (Colubridae) Підродина: Дипсадинові (Dipsadinae) Рід: Geo…
Bilateral relationsTurkish–British relations United Kingdom Turkey Diplomatic missionEmbassy of United Kingdom, AnkaraEmbassy of Turkey, London The relations between Turkey and the United Kingdom have a long history. The countries have been at war several times, such as within the First World War. They have also been allied several times, such as in the Crimean War. Both countries currently maintain relations via the British Embassy in Ankara[1] and the Turkish Embassy in London.[2…
City of Monash Local Government Area van Australië Locatie van Monash City in Melbourne Situering Staat Victoria Hoofdplaats Glen Waverley Coördinaten 37°53'0ZB, 145°10'0OL Algemene informatie Oppervlakte 82 km² Inwoners 162.838 (juni 2006) Stadsdelen 13 Overig Wards 4 Portaal Australië Monash City is een Local Government Area (LGA) in Australië in de staat Victoria. Monash City telt 162.838 inwoners. De hoofdplaats is Glen Waverley.
1970 film This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Capulina Speedy González – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (May 2019) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Capulina Speedy GonzálezTheatrical release lobby cardDirected byAlfredo ZacaríasWritten byAlfredo ZacaríasProduced …
هذه المقالة يتيمة إذ تصل إليها مقالات أخرى قليلة جدًا. فضلًا، ساعد بإضافة وصلة إليها في مقالات متعلقة بها. (مارس 2019) إلياس بي. هولمز معلومات شخصية الميلاد 22 مايو 1807 فليتشر تاريخ الوفاة 31 يوليو 1866 (59 سنة) مواطنة الولايات المتحدة الحياة العملية المهنة سياسي، ومح
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إنريكو فورلانيني Enrico Forlanini (بالإيطالية: Enrico Forlanini) معلومات شخصية الميلاد 13 ديسمبر 1848(1848-12-13)ميلانو الوفاة 9 أكتوبر 1930 (81 سنة)ميلانو الجنسية إيطالي إخوة وأخوات كارلو فورلاني [لغات أخرى] الحياة العملية المدرسة الأم جامعة البوليتكنيك في ميلانو المهنة مهند
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Università degli Studi di Cassino e del Lazio MeridionaleUbicazioneStato Italia CittàCassino Altre sediFrosinone, Atina Dati generaliNome latinoUniversitas Studiorum Casinas MottoSol per noctem Fondazione1979 TipoStatale Dipartimenti Economia e Giurisprudenza Ingegneria Civile e Meccanica Ingegneria Elettrica e dell'Informazione Maurizio Scarano Lettere e Filosofia Scienze Umane, Sociali e della Salute RettoreMarco Dell'Isola Studenti7 870 (2015/16[1]) SportCUS Cassino M…
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American college basketball season 2011–12 Mississippi State Bulldogs men's basketball2K Sports Classic ChampionsNational Invitation Tournament, First roundConferenceSoutheastern ConferenceRecord21–12 (8–8 SEC)Head coachRick Stansbury (14th season)Assistant coaches George Brooks Phil Cunningham Marcus Grant Home arenaHumphrey ColiseumSeasons← 2010–112012–13 → 2011–12 Southeastern Conference men's basketball standings vte Conf Overall Team W L …
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Office building on Parliament Hill in Ottawa This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Confederation Building Ottawa – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (November 2021) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Confederation BuildingGeneral informationArchitectural styleChateau s…
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