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*Jeder stirbt für sich allein*
Jeder stirbt für sich allein
	Courtroom scene
Based on	Every Man Dies Alone; by Hans Fallada
Screenplay by	Robert A. Stemmle; Falk Harnack
Directed by	Falk Harnack
Starring	Alfred Schieske; Edith Schultze-Westrum
Music by	Peter Sandloff
Country of origin	Germany
Original language	German
Production
Cinematography	Heinz Pehlke
Running time	100 minutes
Production company	Sender Freies Berlin
Original release
Release	19 July 1962

Jeder stirbt für sich allein (Everyone Dies Alone) is a 1962 West German made for television political drama film based on a best-selling 1947 novel by Hans Fallada, itself based on the true story of a working class couple, Otto and Elise Hampel, who committed acts of civil disobedience against the government of Nazi Germany and were executed. Directed by former German Resistance member Falk Harnack—whose brother, sister-in-law and cousins were executed during the Nazi regime—it was the first screen adaptation of Fallada's novel.

Background

The teleplay was adapted by Robert A. Stemmle from the Hans Fallada novel Every Man Dies Alone.^[1] Though written in 1947, it was virtually unknown to the English-speaking world until it was translated into English in 2009.^[2] The German edition achieved early success, spawning translations into Russian,^[3] Polish,^[4] Romanian,^[5] Czech,^[6] Norwegian,^[7] French,^[8] and Italian.^[9] The 2009 English version soon became a bestseller in both England and the United States, bringing more international success and translations into Hebrew^[10] and Dutch.

In addition to the 1962 teleplay, there have been three subsequent screen adaptations of Fallada's novel: a television miniseries entitled Jeder stirbt für sich allein broadcast in East Germany in 1970;^[11] a feature film in 1975, released in English in 1976 as Everyone Dies Alone;^[12]^[13] and a television miniseries in the Czech Republic in 2004.^[14]

The 1962 teleplay, the first screen adaptation of Fallada's book, was directed by Falk Harnack, who had been active in the German Resistance against the Nazism and the Third Reich.^[15] His own arrest and trial led to acquittal, but several members of his family and many friends were arrested^[16] and executed, including his brother, Arvid^[17] and his sister-in-law, Mildred Harnack, a translator and professor of literature, who had visited Fallada in 1934.^[15]^[18]

Broadcast and synopsis

The 1962 teleplay aired on station Sender Freies Berlin (SFB), then an affiliate of German broadcaster ARD. It tells of an ordinary couple who began to resist the Nazis after their only son was killed in World War II. The television film was broadcast the evening of 19 July, the day before the 18th anniversary of the 20 July 1944 attempt on Adolf Hitler's life.^[1]

In wartime Berlin, a factory foreman, Otto Quangel and his wife, Anna learn that their only son, Paul, has been killed in action in France.^[19] In their grief, the couple decide to take action against the Nazi regime. They create their own form of resistance, writing postcards urging people to resist Hitler and the Nazis and quietly distributing the postcards around Berlin.^[1] Various people enter the picture, showing the fear and distrust of the times. People, such as the actor Harteisen, find the cards and race to turn them in,^[19] lest they be found with them and come under suspicion. The police and the Gestapo are baffled for over a year, but finally find the source of the cards. The Volksgerichtshof sentences the Quangels to death.^[1]

The television listing for the broadcast read, "An impressive teleplay, this will be broadcast on the eve of 20 July to commemorate the many unknown fighters against Nazi terror, in memory of the people who were pursued by the Gestapo and executed by an inexorable judiciary."^[1]

Cast

Alfred Schieske as Otto Quangel
Edith Schultze-Westrum as Anna Quangel
Anneli Granget as Trudel Baumann
Hartmut Reck as Karl Hergesell
Friedrich Siemers as Franz Grigoleit
Harry Riebauer as Dr. Sommer
Martin Hirthe as SS Brigadeführer Prall
Werner Peters as Kriminalkommissar Escherich
Benno Hoffmann as Assistant Kriminalkommissar Schröder
Hugo Schrader as Enno Kluge
Erich Gühne as Volunteer policeman Persicke
Friedrich Schoenfelder as Harteisen, actor
Rudolf Fernau as Dr. Toll, lawyer
Theodor Vogeler as Dr. Menz, doctor
Reinhold Bernt as Police station superintendent
Klaus Miedel as Judge-President of the Volksgerichtshof
Paul Albert Krumm as "Stranger"
Reinhard Kolldehoff as SA man
Hilde Sessak as Frau Gesch
Ethel Reschke as Pub owner

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e "Programm vom Donnerstag, dem 19. Juli 1962" TV Programme. Retrieved March 4, 2012 (in German)
^ Liesl Schillinger, "Postcards From the Edge" The New York Times (February 27, 2009). Retrieved March 6, 2012
^ Каждый умирает в одиночку (fb2) Либрусек. Retrieved March 8, 2012 (in Russian)
^ Każdy umiera w samotności Worldcat. Retrieved March 8, 2012
^ "Fiecare moare singur (Trad. după orig. în limba germana) Worldcat. Retrieved March 8, 2012 (in Romanian)
^ Christoph Bartmann, "Překvapivý bestseller I ve smrti sami" Archived 2015-12-08 at the Wayback Machine Literární.cz Retrieved March 8, 2012 (in Czech)
^ Den veien du går alene Worldcat. Retrieved March 8, 2012
^ Seul dans Berlin Worldcat. Retrieved March 8, 2012
^ "Ognuno muore solo" Post (June 6, 2010). Retrieved March 8, 2012 (in Italian)
^ Johannes Groschupf, "Das Ehepaar Hampel allein in Berlin" Die Zeit (April 16, 2011), p. 2. Retrieved March 8, 2012 (in German)
^ Filmsterne biography of Erwin Geschonneck Archived 2012-04-12 at the Wayback Machine DEFA. Retrieved March 5, 2012 (in German)
^ Hildegard Knef Archived 2012-05-17 at the Wayback Machine Palazoo. Retrieved March 5, 2012
^ "Everyone Dies Alone" Internet Movie Database. Retrieved March 5, 2012
^ "Dobro a zlo u Dušana Kleina" Hospodářské Noviny (16 February 2004). Retrieved March 4, 2012 (in Czech)
^ ^a ^b Carsten Gansel, Werner Liersch, Zeit vergessen, Zeit erinnern: Hans Fallada und das kulturelle Gedächtnis V&R unipress in Göttingen, (2008), pp. 181–2. Retrieved March 9, 2012 (in German)
^ »Keine Träne, aufrecht« Die Zeit (November 24, 2009). Retrieved March 2, 2012 (in German)
^ Arvid Harnack timeline Deutsches Historisches Museum. Retrieved March 9, 2012 (in German)
^ Shareen Blair Brysac, 2000. Mildred Harnack: Cast of Characters Archived 2014-01-28 at the Wayback Machine, TRACES.org. Retrieved March 19, 2012.
^ ^a ^b Carsten Gansel, Werner Liersch (2008), p. 185 Retrieved March 9, 2012 (in German)