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Iullemmeden Basin
Iullemmeden Basin
	Location of the Iullemmeden Basin
Coordinates	17°54′N 5°36′E / 17.9°N 5.6°E
Etymology	Iullemmeden
Location	Africa
Region	Azawagh
Country	Algeria; Benin; Mali; Niger; Nigeria
Characteristics
On/Offshore	Onshore
Boundaries	Aïr Mountains (NE)
Area	1,000 km × 800 km (620 mi × 500 mi)
Hydrology
River(s)	Niger River
Geology
Basin type	Intercratonic basin
Plate	African
Orogeny	Pan-African
Age	Permo-Triassic-Pleistocene
Stratigraphy	Stratigraphy

The Iullemmeden Basin (Berber language: Iwellemmedden) is a major sub-Saharan inland basin in West Africa, extending about 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) north to south and 800 kilometres (500 mi) east to west. It covers western Niger and parts of Algeria, Mali and Nigeria. It is named after the Iullemmeden, a federation of Tuareg people who live in the central region of Niger.^[1] Its geographic range is largely coincident with the Azawagh region.^[2]

Description

The area of the Iullemmeden Basin seems to have started to subside in Permo-Triassic times, and to have experienced gradual downwarping during the Late Cretaceous to Paleogene times, while steadily filling with sediment. Two prominent fault trends run NNE-SSW through the center of the basin, while WSW-ENE faults trends are found in the northeast of the basin near the Aïr Mountains.^[1]

Stratigraphy

The sediments from Cambrian to Pleistocene times are 1,500 to 2,000 metres (4,900 to 6,600 ft) thick, with alternating layers formed when the basin was undersea and above sea level. Potentially valuable minerals include uranium and copper ores and coal and salt deposits. Niger is one of the world's largest producers of uranium.^[3]

Formations of the Iullemmeden Basin

References

^ ^a ^b Richard C. Selley (1997). "The Iullemmeden Basin". African basins. Elsevier. p. 89ff. ISBN 0-444-82571-1.
^ Paris, 1995
^ "URANIUM GEOLOGY: NIGER, WEST AFRICA" (PDF). NWT Uranium Corporation. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-14. Retrieved 2010-12-18.
^ ^a ^b Young et al., 2017, p.379

Bibliography

Paris, François (1995). "L Bassin de I'Azawagh : peuplements et civilisations, du néolithique à l'arrivée de l'islam" (PDF). Milieux, sociétés et archéologues (in French). Karthala. p. 228. Retrieved 3 April 2012.
Young, Mark T.; Hastings, Alexander K.; Allain, Ronan; Smith, Thomas J. (2017), "Revision of the enigmatic crocodyliform Elosuchus felixi de Lapparent de Broin, 2002 from the Lower–Upper Cretaceous boundary of Niger: potential evidence for an early origin of the clade Dyrosauridae", Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 179: 377–403