The Great Isaiah Scroll, the best preserved of the biblical scrolls found at Qumran from the second century BC, contains all the verses in this chapter.
The parashah sections listed here are based on the Aleppo Codex.[5] Isaiah 63 is a part of the Consolations (Isaiah 40–66). {P}: open parashah; {S}: closed parashah.
"Dyed": from Hebrew: חמוץ, khă-mūts[7] with the meaning of "be red"[8] or "bright-red" not as "that of the scarlet dress worn by soldiers" (Nahum 2:3), but that of "blood just shed" (as in Revelation 19:13: "dipped in blood").[9]
Neither of the patriarchs, "Abraham" or "Israel" (meaning Jacob), would recognise the Israel addressed by the prophet; descent from them cannot guarantee the nation any protection.[11]