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Gongliu
Gongliu
Chinese name
Simplified Chinese	巩留县
Traditional Chinese	鞏留縣
Hanyu Pinyin
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin	Gǒngliú Xiàn
Alternative Chinese name
Simplified Chinese	特克斯塔留
Hanyu Pinyin
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin	Tèkèsītǎliú
Uyghur name
Uyghur	توققۇزتارا ناھىيىسى‎
Latin Yëziqi
Transcriptions
Latin Yëziqi	Toqquztara Nahiyisi
Yengi Yeziⱪ	Tok̡k̡uztara Nah̡iyisi
SASM/GNC	Tokkuztara Naĥiyə
Siril Yëziqi	Тоққузтара наһийиси
Kazakh name
Kazakh	توعىزتاراۋ اۋدانى Kazakh Cyrillic: Тоғызтарау ауданы Kazakh Latin alphabet: Toǵyztaraý aýdany

Gongliu County

巩留县 (Chinese)
توققۇزتارا ناھىيىسى (Uyghur)
توعىزتاراۋ اۋدانى (Kazakh)
Tokkuztara County
Gongliu County 巩留县 (Chinese); توققۇزتارا ناھىيىسى (Uyghur); توعىزتاراۋ اۋدانى (Kazakh) Tokkuztara County
County
	Gongliu Location of the seat in Xinjiang Gongliu Gongliu (Xinjiang) Gongliu Gongliu (China)
	Coordinates: 43°28′00″N 82°08′56″E / 43.46667°N 82.14889°E
Country	China
Autonomous region	Xinjiang
Autonomous prefecture	Ili
County seat	Toqquztara Town
Area
• Total	4,116 km2 (1,589 sq mi)
Population (2020)
• Total	175,766
• Density	43/km2 (110/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+8 (China Standard)
Website	www.xjgl.gov.cn

Gongliu County (Chinese: 巩留县) as the official romanized name, also transliterated from Uyghur as Tokkuztara County (Uyghur: توققۇزتارا ناھىيىسى; Chinese: 特克斯塔留县), is a county situated within the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region and is under the administration of the Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture. It contains an area of 4,119 km² (1,590 sq mi). According to the 2002 census, it has a population of 160,000.

Name

The place was originally named Tokkuztara, meaning "nine streams" because branches of the Ili River merged in the area. When a county was set up in 1932, Gongliu was chosen as the official name, which is an abbreviation of Gonggu Changliu ("巩固长留"), literally Stability and Long-lasting.^[2]

Administrative divisions

Gongliu County is divided into 6 towns and 2 townships.

Name	Simplified Chinese	Hanyu Pinyin	Uyghur (UEY)	Uyghur Latin (ULY)	Kazakh (Arabic script)	Number of communities	Population (thousand)	Land area (km2)
Towns
Toqquztara Town	巩留镇	Gǒngliú Zhèn	توققۇزتارا بازىرى	toqquztara baziri	توعىزتاراۋ قالاشىعى	7	24.7	29
Aqtobek Town	阿克吐别克镇	Ākètǔbiékè Zhèn	ئاقتۆبەك بازىرى	Aqtöbek baziri	اقتۇبەك قالاشىعى	6	9.7	613.3
Kongdeneng Town	库尔德宁镇	Kù'ěrdéníng Zhèn	كۆلدەنەڭ بازىرى	köldeneng baziri	كولدەنەڭ قالاشىعى	7	9.8	568
Dongmehelle Town	东买里镇	Dōngmǎilǐ Zhèn	دۆڭمەھەللە بازىرى	döngmehelle baziri	دوڭمالى قالاشىعى	8	27	317
Agharsin Town	阿尕尔森镇	Āgǎ'ěrsēn Zhèn	ئاغارسىن بازىرى	Agharsin baziri	اعارسىن قالاشىعى	9	21.5	714
Tikeriq Town	提克阿热克镇	Tíkè'ārèkè Zhèn	تىكئېرىق بازىرى	tik'ëriq baziri	تىكارىق قالاشىعى	8	13.7	426.7
Townships
Jirghilang Township	吉尔格郎乡	Jí'ěrgéláng Xiāng	جىرغالاڭ يېزىسى	jirghalang yëzisi	جىرعالاڭ اۋىلى	6	6.6	420
Tashtope Township	塔斯托别乡	Tǎsītuōbié Xiāng	تاشتۆپە يېزىسى	tashtöpe yëzisi	تاستوبە اۋىلى	8	23.3	414

Note:

1. On October 21, 2014, with the approval of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region People's Government, the original Dongmahalla Township was renamed Dongmahalla Town.^[3]
2. In 2013, with the approval of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region People's Government, the original Agarsin Township was renamed Agarsin Town.
3. On July 13, 2016, with the approval of the People's Government of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, the original Tikirik Township was renamed Tikirik Town.^[4]
4. On January 24, 2013, with the approval of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region People's Government, it was renamed the original "Muhur Township" Koldeneng Town.

Climate

Climate data for Gongliu (1991–2020 normals)
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	−1.0 (30.2)	2.3 (36.1)	11.5 (52.7)	20.4 (68.7)	24.7 (76.5)	28.2 (82.8)	30.2 (86.4)	29.4 (84.9)	25.3 (77.5)	18.2 (64.8)	8.9 (48.0)	1.1 (34.0)	16.6 (61.9)
Daily mean °C (°F)	−8.8 (16.2)	−4.6 (23.7)	4.5 (40.1)	12.4 (54.3)	17.0 (62.6)	20.7 (69.3)	22.2 (72.0)	20.9 (69.6)	16.1 (61.0)	9.1 (48.4)	1.9 (35.4)	−5.5 (22.1)	8.8 (47.9)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	−14.7 (5.5)	−10.3 (13.5)	−1.3 (29.7)	5.6 (42.1)	10.2 (50.4)	14.0 (57.2)	15.2 (59.4)	13.5 (56.3)	8.6 (47.5)	2.5 (36.5)	−2.9 (26.8)	−10.4 (13.3)	2.5 (36.5)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	13.0 (0.51)	16.0 (0.63)	17.3 (0.68)	34.1 (1.34)	37.4 (1.47)	44.4 (1.75)	34.3 (1.35)	28.9 (1.14)	17.8 (0.70)	21.5 (0.85)	23.5 (0.93)	16.8 (0.66)	305 (12.01)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm)	7.2	7.7	7.7	9.0	10.0	11.2	9.9	8.7	6.2	6.5	7.5	8.2	99.8
Average snowy days	8.3	8.8	4.3	1.2	0.1	0	0	0	0	0.7	5.1	9.5	38
Average relative humidity (%)	76	75	69	60	59	62	64	65	66	71	76	78	68
Mean monthly sunshine hours	163.3	168.6	217.2	240.1	284.3	282.1	304.9	295.7	260.1	222.7	152.9	141.3	2,733.2
Percent possible sunshine	56	56	58	59	62	61	66	70	71	67	54	51	61
Source: China Meteorological Administration^[5]^[6]