George Scharf

Sir George Scharf
Sir George Scharf
	Sir George Scharf, 1885, oil by Walter William Ouless
Born	1820; London
Died	1895; London
Nationality	British
Occupation(s)	Illustrator, art critic, lecturer, President of the National Portrait Gallery.

Sir George Scharf KCB (16 December 1820 – 19 April 1895) was a British art critic, illustrator, and director of the National Portrait Gallery.

Biography

Early years

Scharf was born at 3 St Martin's Lane, London, the son of George Johann Scharf, a Bavarian miniature painter, and older brother to Henry Scharf, actor and illustrator. He was educated at University College School, and after studying under his father and obtaining medals from the Society of Arts, entered the schools of the Royal Academy in 1838.^[1]

Travels

In 1840 Charles Fellows engaged Scharf to join him on his second journey to Asia Minor and on the way spent some time in Italy. Three years later he again visited Asia Minor in the capacity of draughtsman. He made drawings of views and antiquities from Lycia, Caria, and Lydia, which are now in British Museum. A selection of these illustrations with text by Fellows was published in 1847.

Career

After his return to England, Scharf exhibited his paintings of the tombs in Myra and Xanthos at the Royal Academy in 1845 and 1846.^[2] He also illustrated books relating to art and antiquity, of which the best known are Macaulay's Lays of Ancient Rome (1847); Milman's Horace, (1849); Kugler's Handbook of Italian Painting (1851); and Dr Smith's classical dictionaries.^[3] In addition, he produced thirty-seven illustrations for the 1845 illuminated Book of Common Prayer designed by Owen Jones.

He also engaged largely in lecturing and teaching, and took part in the formation of the Greek, Roman and Pompeian courts at the Crystal Palace. He acted as art secretary to the great Manchester Art Treasures Exhibition of 1857, and in that year was appointed secretary and director to the newly founded National Portrait Gallery. The remainder of his life was given to the care of that institution.^[3]

Scharf acquired an unrivalled knowledge of all matters relating to historic portraiture, and was the author of many learned essays on the subject. In 1885, in recognition of his services to the Portrait Gallery, he was made CB, and on his resignation, early in 1895, KCB and a trustee of the Gallery.^[3] He died at his home 8 Ashley Place, London in April 1895 after a long illness.^[4]

Paintings and illustrations

Bibliography

Images of George Scharf

References

^ Lee, Sidney, ed. (1897). "Scharf, George (1820-1895)" . Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 50. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
^ Graves, Algernon (1905). The Royal Academy of Arts; a complete dictionary of contributors and their work from its foundation in 1769 to 1904. University of California Libraries. London : H. Graves and co., ltd. [etc.]
^ ^a ^b ^c Chisholm 1911.
^ New York Times Obituary https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1895/04/20/102455402.pdf

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Scharf, Sir George". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 24 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 313.