Densities of the elements (data page)

Density, solid phase

In the following table, the use row is the value recommended for use in other Wikipedia pages in order to maintain consistency across content.

2 He helium-4
Hoffer et al. 0.19085 g/cm3 (from 20.9730 cm3/mole; hcp crystal melting to He-II superfluid at 0 K, 25.00 atm)
0.19083 g/cm3 (from 20.9749 cm3/mole; at local min. density, hcp melting to He-II: 0.884 K, 25.00 atm)
0.19142 g/cm3 (from 20.910 cm3/mole; hcp at triple point hcp−bcc−He-II: 1.463 K, 26.036 atm)
0.18971 g/cm3 (from 21.098 cm3/mole; bcc at triple point hcp−bcc−He-II: 1.463 K, 26.036 atm)
0.19406 g/cm3 (from 20.626 cm3/mole; hcp at triple point hcp−bcc−He-I: 1.772 K, 30.016 atm)
0.19208 g/cm3 (from 20.8381 cm3/mole; bcc at triple point hcp−bcc−He-I: 1.772 K, 30.016 atm)
3 Li lithium
use 0.534 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 535 kg/m3
LNG (at 20 °C) 0.534 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 0.534 g/cm3
4 Be beryllium
use 1.85 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 1848 kg/m3
LNG (at 20 °C) 1.8477 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 1.85 g/cm3
5 B boron
use 2.34 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 2460 kg/m3
LNG (at r.t.) 2.34 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 2.34 g/cm3
6 C carbon (graphite)
use 2.267 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 2267 kg/m3
LNG (at r.t.) 2.267 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 2.2 g/cm3
6 C carbon (diamond)
use 3.513 g/cm3
LNG (at r.t.) 3.513 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 3.513 g/cm3
11 Na sodium
use 0.968 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 968 kg/m3
LNG (at 20 °C) 0.968 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 0.97 g/cm3
12 Mg magnesium
use 1.738 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 1738 kg/m3
LNG (at 20 °C) 1.738 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 1.74 g/cm3
13 Al aluminium
use 2.70 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 2700 kg/m3
LNG (at r.t.) 2.70 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 2.70 g/cm3
14 Si silicon
use 2.33 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 2330 kg/m3
LNG (at r.t.) 2.33 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 2.3290 g/cm3
15 P phosphorus (white)
use 1.823 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 1823 kg/m3
LNG (at 25 °C) 1.823 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 1.823 g/cm3
15 P phosphorus (red)
use 2.34 g/cm3
LNG (at r.t.) 2.34 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 2.16 g/cm3
15 P phosphorus (black)
use 2.69 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 2.69 g/cm3
16 S sulfur (orthorhombic, alpha)
use 2.08 g/cm3
WEL ? (1960 kg/m3)
LNG (at 20 °C) 2.08 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 2.07 g/cm3
16 S sulfur (monoclinic, beta)
use 1.96 g/cm3
WEL ? (1960 kg/m3)
LNG (at r.t.) 1.96 g/cm3
CRC ? (near r.t.) 2.07 g/cm3
16 S sulfur (gamma)
use 1.92 g/cm3
LNG (at r.t.) 1.92 g/cm3
19 K potassium
use 0.89 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 856 kg/m3
LNG (at r.t.) 0.89 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 0.89 g/cm3
20 Ca calcium
use 1.55 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 1550 kg/m3
LNG (at r.t.) 1.55 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 1.54 g/cm3
21 Sc scandium (hexagonal ?)
use 2.985 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 2985 kg/m3
LNG (at r.t.) (hexagonal) 2.985 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 2.99 g/cm3
22 Ti titanium (hexagonal ?)
use 4.506 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 4507 kg/m3
LNG (at r.t.) (hexagonal) 4.506 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 4.506 g/cm3
23 V vanadium
use 6.11 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 6110 kg/m3
LNG (at 19 °C) 6.11 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 6.0 g/cm3
24 Cr chromium
use 7.15 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 7140 kg/m3
LNG (at r.t.) 7.15 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 7.15 g/cm3
25 Mn manganese
use 7.21 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 7470 kg/m3
LNG (at 20 °C) 7.21 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 7.3 g/cm3
26 Fe iron
use 7.86 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 7874 kg/m3
LNG (at r.t.) 7.86 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 7.87 g/cm3
27 Co cobalt
use 8.90 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 8900 kg/m3
LNG (at r.t.) 8.90 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 8.86 g/cm3
28 Ni nickel
use 8.908 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 8908 kg/m3
LNG (at 20 °C) 8.908 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 8.90 g/cm3
29 Cu copper
use 8.96 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 8920 kg/m3
LNG (at 20 °C) 8.96 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 8.96 g/cm3
30 Zn zinc
use 7.14 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 7140 kg/m3
LNG (at r.t.) 7.14 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 7.14 g/cm3
31 Ga gallium
use 5.91 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 5904 kg/m3
LNG (at 29.6 °C) 5.904 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 5.91 g/cm3
32 Ge germanium
use 5.323 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 5323 kg/m3
LNG (at r.t.) 5.323 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 5.3234 g/cm3
33 As arsenic
use 5.727 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 5727 kg/m3
LNG (at 25 °C) (5.727 rel. to water at 4 °C)
CRC (near r.t.) 5.75 g/cm3
34 Se selenium (hexagonal, gray)
use 4.81 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 4819 kg/m3
LNG (at 20 °C) (4.81 rel. to water at 4 °C)
CRC (near r.t.) 4.81 g/cm3
34 Se selenium (alpha)
use 4.39 g/cm3
WEL ? (4819 kg/m3)
CRC (near r.t.) 4.39 g/cm3
34 Se selenium (vitreous)
use 4.28 g/cm3
WEL ? (4819 kg/m3)
CRC (near r.t.) 4.28 g/cm3
37 Rb rubidium
use 1.532 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 1532 kg/m3
LNG (at r.t.) 1.532 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 1.53 g/cm3
38 Sr strontium
use 2.64 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 2630 kg/m3
LNG (at r.t.) 2.64 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 2.64 g/cm3
39 Y yttrium
use 4.472 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 4472 kg/m3
LNG (at r.t.) 4.472 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 4.47 g/cm3
40 Zr zirconium
use 6.52 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 6511 kg/m3
LNG (at r.t.) 6.52 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 6.52 g/cm3
41 Nb niobium
use 8.57 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 8570 kg/m3
LNG (at 20 °C) 8.57 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 8.57 g/cm3
42 Mo molybdenum
use 10.28 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 10280 kg/m3
LNG (at r.t.) 10.28 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 10.2 g/cm3
43 Tc technetium (Tc-98 ?)
use 11 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 11500 kg/m3
LNG (at r.t.) (Tc-98) 11 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 11 g/cm3
44 Ru ruthenium
use 12.45 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 12370 kg/m3
LNG (at 20 °C) (12.45 rel. to water at 4 °C)
CRC (near r.t.) 12.1 g/cm3
45 Rh rhodium
use 12.41 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 12450 kg/m3
LNG (at 20 °C) 12.41 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 12.4 g/cm3
46 Pd palladium
use 12.023 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 12023 kg/m3
LNG (at 20 °C) 12.023 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 12.0 g/cm3
47 Ag silver
use 10.49 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 10490 kg/m3
LNG (at r.t.) 10.49 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 10.5 g/cm3
48 Cd cadmium
use 8.65 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 8650 kg/m3
LNG (at 25 °C) 8.65 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 8.69 g/cm3
49 In indium
use 7.31 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 7310 kg/m3
LNG (at r.t.) 7.31 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 7.31 g/cm3
50 Sn tin (white)
use 7.265 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 7310 kg/m3
LNG (at r.t.) 7.265 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 7.265 g/cm3
50 Sn tin (gray)
use 5.769 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 5.769 g/cm3
51 Sb antimony
use 6.697 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 6697 kg/m3
LNG (at 25 °C) 6.697 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 6.68 g/cm3
52 Te tellurium
use 6.24 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 6240 kg/m3
LNG (at r.t.) 6.24 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 6.24 g/cm3
53 I iodine (I2)
use 4.933 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 4940 kg/m3
LNG (at 25 °C) 4.63 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 4.933 g/cm3
55 Cs caesium
use 1.93 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 1879 kg/m3
LNG (at 15 °C) 1.8785 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 1.93 g/cm3
56 Ba barium
use 3.51 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 3510 kg/m3
LNG (at 20 °C) 3.51 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 3.62 g/cm3
57 La lanthanum
use 6.162 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 6146 kg/m3
LNG (at r.t.) 6.162 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 6.15 g/cm3
58 Ce cerium
use 6.770 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 6689 kg/m3
LNG (at r.t.) 6.773 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 6.770 g/cm3
59 Pr praseodymium (alpha ?)
use 6.77 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 6640 kg/m3
LNG (at r.t.) (alpha) 6.475 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 6.77 g/cm3
60 Nd neodymium
use 7.01 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 6800 kg/m3
LNG (at r.t.) 7.01 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 7.01 g/cm3
61 Pm promethium (Pm-147 ?)
use 7.26 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 7264 kg/m3
LNG (at r.t.) (Pm-147) 7.22 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 7.26 g/cm3
62 Sm samarium
use 7.52 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 7353 kg/m3
LNG (at r.t.) 7.52 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 7.52 g/cm3
63 Eu europium
use 5.244 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 5244 kg/m3
LNG (at r.t.) 5.244 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 5.24 g/cm3
64 Gd gadolinium
use 7.90 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 7901 kg/m3
LNG (at r.t.) 7.90 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 7.90 g/cm3
65 Tb terbium
use 8.23 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 8219 kg/m3
LNG (at r.t.) 8.23 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 8.23 g/cm3
66 Dy dysprosium
use 8.540 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 8551 kg/m3
LNG (at 25 °C) 8.540 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 8.55 g/cm3
67 Ho holmium
use 8.79 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 8795 kg/m3
LNG (at r.t.) 8.79 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 8.80 g/cm3
68 Er erbium
use 9.066 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 9066 kg/m3
LNG (at r.t.) 9.066 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 9.07 g/cm3
69 Tm thulium
use 9.32 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 9321 kg/m3
LNG (at r.t.) 9.32 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 9.32 g/cm3
70 Yb ytterbium
use 6.90 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 6570 kg/m3
LNG (at r.t.) 6.90 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 6.90 g/cm3
71 Lu lutetium
use 9.841 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 9841 kg/m3
LNG (at r.t.) 9.841 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 9.84 g/cm3
72 Hf hafnium
use 13.31 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 13310 kg/m3
LNG (at r.t.) 13.31 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 13.3 g/cm3
73 Ta tantalum
use 16.69 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 16650 kg/m3
LNG (at r.t.) 16.69 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 16.4 g/cm3
74 W tungsten
use 19.25 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 19250 kg/m3
LNG (at r.t.) 19.25 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 19.3 g/cm3
75 Re rhenium
use 21.02 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 21020 kg/m3
LNG (at r.t.) 21.02 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 20.8 g/cm3
76 Os osmium
use 22.59 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 22610 kg/m3
LNG (at 20 °C) 22.61 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 22.59 g/cm3
77 Ir iridium
use 22.56 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 22650 kg/m3
LNG (at 20 °C) (22.65 rel. to water at 4 °C)
CRC (near r.t.) 22.5 g/cm3
78 Pt platinum
use 21.45 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 21090 kg/m3
LNG (at 20 °C) 21.09 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 21.5 g/cm3

References according to http://hypertextbook.com/facts/2004/OliviaTai.shtml:

  • 21.45 g/cm3 — Zumdahl, Steven S., Zumdahl, Susan L., & Decoste, Donald J. World of Chemistry. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 2002: 141.
  • 21.45 × 103 kg/m3 — Grigoriev, Igor S. & Meilikhov, Evgenii Z. Handbook of Physical Quantities. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 1997: 116.
  • 21.450 g/cm3 — Savitskii, E.M. Physical Metallurgy of Platinum Metals. New York: Pergamon Press, 1978: 31.
  • (20 °C) 21.45 g/cm3 — Vines, R.F. The Platinum Metals and their Alloys. New York: The International Nickel Company, Inc., 1941: 16. — "Values ranging from 21.3 to 21.5 gm/cm3 at 20 °C have been reported for the density of annealed platinum; the best value being about 21.45 gm/cm3 at 20 °C."
  • 21.46 g/cm3 — Rose, T. Kirke. The Precious Metals, Comprising Gold, Silver and Platinum. New York: D. Van Nostrand Company, 1909: 255. — "Pure platinum, according to G. Matthey has a density of 21.46."
79 Au gold
use 19.3 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 19300 kg/m3
LNG (at r.t.) 19.3 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 19.3 g/cm3
81 Tl thallium
use 11.85 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 11850 kg/m3
LNG (at r.t.) 11.85 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 11.8 g/cm3
82 Pb lead
use 11.34 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 11340 kg/m3
LNG (at 20 °C) (face-centered cubic) (11.34 rel. to water at 4 °C)
CRC (near r.t.) 11.3 g/cm3
83 Bi bismuth
use 9.78 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 9780 kg/m3
LNG (at r.t.) 9.78 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 9.79 g/cm3
84 Po polonium (alpha)
use 9.196 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 9196 kg/m3
LNG (at r.t.) 9.196 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 9.20 g/cm3
84 Po polonium (beta)
use 9.398 g/cm3
LNG (at r.t.) 9.398 g/cm3
85 At astatine
use ? 7 g/cm3
87 Fr francium
use ? 2.48 g/cm3
88 Ra radium
use 5.5 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 5000 kg/m3
LNG (at r.t.) 5.5 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 5 g/cm3
89 Ac actinium (Ac-227 ?)
use 10 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 10070 kg/m3
LNG (at r.t.) (Ac-227) 10.07 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 10 g/cm3
90 Th thorium
use 11.7 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 11724 kg/m3
LNG (at r.t.) 11.7 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 11.7 g/cm3
91 Pa protactinium
use 15.37 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 15370 kg/m3
CRC (near r.t.) 15.4 g/cm3
92 U uranium
use 19.1 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 19050 kg/m3
LNG (at r.t.) 19.1 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 19.1 g/cm3
93 Np neptunium
use 20.2 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 20450 kg/m3
LNG (at r.t.) 20.2 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 20.2 g/cm3
94 Pu plutonium
use 19.816 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 19816 kg/m3
LNG (at 20 °C) (19.816 rel. to water at 4 °C)
CRC (near r.t.) 19.7 g/cm3
95 Am americium
use 12 g/cm3
LNG (at r.t.) 12 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 12 g/cm3
96 Cm curium (Cm-244 ?)
use 13.51 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 13510 kg/m3
LNG (at r.t.) (Cm-244) 13.51 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 13.51 g/cm3
97 Bk berkelium (alpha)
use 14.78 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 14780 kg/m3
LNG (at r.t.) 14.78 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 14.78 g/cm3
97 Bk berkelium (beta)
use 13.25 g/cm3
LNG (at r.t.) 13.25 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 13.25 g/cm3
98 Cf californium
use 15.1 g/cm3
WEL (near r.t.) 15100 kg/m3
CRC (near r.t.) 15.1 g/cm3
99 Es einsteinium
use 8.84 g/cm3
LNG (at r.t.) 8.84 g/cm3

Density, liquid phase

2 He helium-4
Donnelly et al. 0.1249772 g/cm3 (He-I at boiling point: 4.222 K)
0.1461087 g/cm3 (at lambda transition He-I/He-II: 2.1768 K, saturated vapor pressure)
0.1451397 g/cm3 (He-II superfluid at 0 K, saturated vapor pressure)
Hoffer et al. 0.17309 g/cm3 (from 23.125 cm3/mole; He-II from hcp melt at 0 K, 25.00 atm)
0.17308 g/cm3 (from 23.1256 cm3/mole; at local min. density, from hcp melt at 0.699 K, 24.993 atm)
0.17443 g/cm3 (from 22.947 cm3/mole; He-II at triple point hcp−bcc−He-II: 1.463 K, 26.036 atm)
0.1807 g/cm3 (from 22.150 cm3/mole; He-I at triple point hcp−bcc−He-I: 1.772 K, 30.016 atm)
3 Li lithium
use 0.512 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 0.512 g/cm3
4 Be beryllium
use 1.690 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 1.690 g/cm3
5 B boron
use 2.08 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 2.08 g/cm3
11 Na sodium
use 0.927 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 0.927 g/cm3
12 Mg magnesium
use 1.584 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 1.584 g/cm3
13 Al aluminium
use 2.375 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 2.375 g/cm3
14 Si silicon
use 2.57 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 2.57 g/cm3
16 S sulfur
use 1.819 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 1.819 g/cm3
17 Cl chlorine
use (at −35 °C) 1.5649 g/cm3
LNG (at −35 °C) 1.5649 g/cm3
19 K potassium
use 0.828 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 0.828 g/cm3
20 Ca calcium
use 1.378 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 1.378 g/cm3
21 Sc scandium
use 2.80 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 2.80 g/cm3
22 Ti titanium
use 4.11 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 4.11 g/cm3
23 V vanadium
use 5.5 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 5.5 g/cm3
24 Cr chromium
use 6.3 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 6.3 g/cm3
25 Mn manganese
use 5.95 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 5.95 g/cm3
26 Fe iron
use 6.98 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 6.98 g/cm3
27 Co cobalt
use 7.75 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 7.75 g/cm3
28 Ni nickel
use 7.81 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 7.81 g/cm3
29 Cu copper
use 8.02 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 8.02 g/cm3
30 Zn zinc
use 6.57 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 6.57 g/cm3
31 Ga gallium
use 6.095 g/cm3
LNG (at 29.8 °C, m.p. is 29.7646 °C) 6.095 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 6.08 g/cm3
32 Ge germanium
use 5.60 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 5.60 g/cm3
33 As arsenic
use 5.22 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 5.22 g/cm3
34 Se selenium
use 3.99 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 3.99 g/cm3
35 Br bromine (Br2)
use (near r.t.) 3.1028 g/cm3
LNG (at 25 °C) (3.1023 rel. to water at 4 °C)
CRC (near r.t.) 3.1028 g/cm3
37 Rb rubidium
use 1.46 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 1.46 g/cm3
38 Sr strontium
use 6.980 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 6.980 g/cm3
39 Y yttrium
use 4.24 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 4.24 g/cm3
40 Zr zirconium
use 5.8 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 5.8 g/cm3
42 Mo molybdenum
use 9.33 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 9.33 g/cm3
44 Ru ruthenium
use 10.65 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 10.65 g/cm3
45 Rh rhodium
use 10.7 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 10.7 g/cm3
46 Pd palladium
use 10.38 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 10.38 g/cm3
47 Ag silver
use 9.320 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 9.320 g/cm3
48 Cd cadmium
use 7.996 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 7.996 g/cm3
49 In indium
use 7.02 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 7.02 g/cm3
50 Sn tin
use 6.99 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 6.99 g/cm3
51 Sb antimony
use 6.53 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 6.53 g/cm3
52 Te tellurium
use 5.70 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 5.70 g/cm3
55 Cs caesium
use 1.843 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p. (28.44 °C, near r.t.)) 1.843 g/cm3
56 Ba barium
use 3.338 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 3.338 g/cm3
57 La lanthanum
use 5.94 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 5.94 g/cm3
58 Ce cerium
use 6.55 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 6.55 g/cm3
59 Pr praseodymium
use 6.50 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 6.50 g/cm3
60 Nd neodymium
use 6.89 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 6.89 g/cm3
62 Sm samarium
use 7.16 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 7.16 g/cm3
63 Eu europium
use 5.13 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 5.13 g/cm3
64 Gd gadolinium
use 7.4 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 7.4 g/cm3
65 Tb terbium
use 7.65 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 7.65 g/cm3
66 Dy dysprosium
use 8.37 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 8.37 g/cm3
67 Ho holmium
use 8.34 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 8.34 g/cm3
68 Er erbium
use 8.86 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 8.86 g/cm3
69 Tm thulium
use 8.56 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 8.56 g/cm3
70 Yb ytterbium
use 6.21 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 6.21 g/cm3
71 Lu lutetium
use 9.3 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 9.3 g/cm3
72 Hf hafnium
use 12 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 12 g/cm3
73 Ta tantalum
use 15 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 15 g/cm3
74 W tungsten
use 17.6 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 17.6 g/cm3
75 Re rhenium
use 18.9 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 18.9 g/cm3
76 Os osmium
use 20 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 20 g/cm3
77 Ir iridium
use 19 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 19 g/cm3
78 Pt platinum
use 19.77 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 19.77 g/cm3
79 Au gold
use 17.31 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 17.31 g/cm3
80 Hg mercury
use (at r.t.) 13.534 g/cm3
LNG (at r.t.) 13.534 g/cm3
CRC (near r.t.) 13.5336 g/cm3
81 Tl thallium
use 11.22 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 11.22 g/cm3
82 Pb lead
use 10.66 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 10.66 g/cm3
83 Bi bismuth
use 10.05 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 10.05 g/cm3
92 U uranium
use 17.3 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 17.3 g/cm3
94 Pu plutonium
use 16.63 g/cm3
CR2 (at m.p.) 16.63 g/cm3

Density, gas phase

value conditions
1 H hydrogen (H2)
use 0.08988 g/L 0 °C, 101.325 kPa
CRC (calc. ideal gas) 0.082 g/L 25 °C, 101.325 kPa
KCH 0.08988 kg/m3 0 °C, 101.3 kPa
VDW 0.08988 g/L 0 °C, 101.325 kPa
(lit. source) 0.08988 g/L
2 He helium
use 0.1786 g/L 0 °C, 101.325 kPa
CRC (calc. ideal gas) 0.164 g/L 25 °C, 101.325 kPa
LNG 0.176 g/L room temperature
KCH 0.1785 kg/m3 0 °C, 101.3 kPa
VDW 0.1786 g/L 0 °C, 101.325 kPa
(lit. source) 0.1785 g/L 0 °C, 1 atm
7 N nitrogen (N2)
use 1.251 g/L 0 °C, 101.325 kPa
CRC (calc. ideal gas) 1.145 g/L 25 °C, 101.325 kPa
LNG 1.165 g/L 20 °C
KCH 1.2505 kg/m3 0 °C, 101.3 kPa
VDW 1.251 g/L 0 °C, 101.325 kPa
(lit. source) 1.2506 g/L
8 O oxygen (O2)
use 1.429 g/L 0 °C, 101.325 kPa
CRC (calc. ideal gas) 1.308 g/L 25 °C, 101.325 kPa
LNG 1.331 g/L 20 °C
KCH 1.42895 kg/m3 0 °C, 101.3 kPa
VDW 1.429 g/L 0 °C, 101.325 kPa
(lit. source) 1.429 g/L 0 °C
9 F fluorine (F2)
use 1.7 g/L 0 °C, 101.325 kPa
CRC (calc. ideal gas) 1.553 g/L 25 °C, 101.325 kPa
VDW (lit. source) 1.696 g/L
[1] 1.6074 kg/m3 15 °C, 1.013 bar
[2] Archived 2007-09-28 at the Wayback Machine 0.0983 lb/ft3 70 °F (21 °C), 1 atm
10 Ne neon
use 0.9002 g/L 0 °C, 101.325 kPa
CRC (calc. ideal gas) 0.825 g/L 25 °C, 101.325 kPa
LNG 0.8999 g/L 0 °C
KCH 0.9002 kg/m3 0 °C, 101.3 kPa
VDW 0.9002 g/L 0 °C, 101.325 kPa
(lit. source) 0.89990 g/L 0 °C, 1 atm
17 Cl chlorine (Cl2)
use 3.2 g/L 0 °C, 101.325 kPa
CRC (calc. ideal gas) 2.898 g/L 25 °C, 101.325 kPa
LNG 2.98 g/L 20 °C
KCH 3.214 kg/m3 0 °C, 101.3 kPa
VDW 3.116 g/L 0 °C, 101.325 kPa
(lit. source) 3.214 g/L
18 Ar argon
use 1.784 g/L 0 °C, 101.325 kPa
CRC (calc. ideal gas) 1.633 g/L 25 °C, 101.325 kPa
LNG 1.7824 g/L 0 °C
KCH 1.784 kg/m3 0 °C, 101.3 kPa
VDW 1.784 g/L 0 °C, 101.325 kPa
(lit. source) 1.7837 g/L
36 Kr krypton
use 3.749 g/L 0 °C, 101.325 kPa
CRC (calc. ideal gas) 3.425 g/L 25 °C, 101.325 kPa
LNG 3.7493 g/L room temperature
KCH 3.744 kg/m3 0 °C, 101.3 kPa
VDW 3.749 g/L 0 °C, 101.325 kPa
(lit. source) 3.733 g/L 0 °C
54 Xe xenon
use 5.894 g/L 0 °C, 101.325 kPa
CRC (calc. ideal gas) 5.366 g/L 25 °C, 101.325 kPa
LNG 5.761 g/L room temperature
KCH 5.897 kg/m3 0 °C, 101.3 kPa
VDW 5.894 g/L 0 °C, 101.325 kPa
(lit. source) 5.88 g/L
86 Rn radon (Radon-222 ?)
use 9.73 g/L 0 °C, 101.325 kPa
CRC (calc. ideal gas) 9.074 g/L 25 °C, 101.325 kPa
LNG 9.73 g/L room temperature
VDW (lit. source) 9.73 g/L
ICT.a 9.73 g/L 0 °C, 1 An (=101.325 kPa)
formula weight = 222

Notes

  • The suggested values for solid densities refer to "near room temperature (r.t.)" by default.
  • The suggested values for liquid densities refer to "at the melting point (m.p.)" by default.

See also

References

WEL

As quoted at http://www.webelements.com/ from these sources:

  • A.M. James and M.P. Lord in Macmillan's Chemical and Physical Data, Macmillan, London, UK, 1992.
  • D.R. Lide, (ed.) in Chemical Rubber Company handbook of chemistry and physics, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, USA, 77th edition, 1996.
  • J.A. Dean (ed) in Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, McGraw-Hill, New York, USA, 14th edition, 1992.
  • G.W.C. Kaye and T.H. Laby in Tables of physical and chemical constants, Longman, London, UK, 15th edition, 1993.

CRC

As quoted from various sources in an online version of:

  • David R. Lide (ed), CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 84th Edition. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida, 2003; Section 4, Properties of the Elements and Inorganic Compounds; Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

CR2

  • David R. Lide (ed), CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 84th Edition. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida, 2003; Section 4, Properties of the Elements and Inorganic Compounds; Density of Molten Elements and Representative Salts

LNG

As quoted from an online version of:

  • J.A. Dean (ed), Lange's Handbook of Chemistry (15th Edition), McGraw-Hill, 1999; Section 3; Table 3.2 Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds

VDW

The following molar volumes and densities for the majority of the gaseous elements were calculated from the van der Waals equation of state, using the quoted values of the van der Waals constants. The source for the van der Waals constants and for the literature densities was: R. C. Weast (Ed.), Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (53rd Edn.), Cleveland:Chemical Rubber Co., 1972.

Donnelly et al.

  • Donnelly, Russell J.; Barenghi, Carlo F. (1998). "The Observed Properties of Liquid Helium at the Saturated Vapor Pressure". Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data. 27 (6): 1217–74. Bibcode:1998JPCRD..27.1217D. doi:10.1063/1.556028.

Hoffer et al.

van der Waals constants 25 °C, 100.0 kPa 0 °C, 1 atm Lit.
a (L2⋅bar/mol2) b (L/mol) Vm (L) d (g/L) Vm (L) d (g/L) d (g/L)
Argon 1.363 0.03219 24.77 1.613 22.39 1.784 1.7837
Chlorine 6.579 0.05622 25.11 2.824 22.75 3.116 3.214
Fluorine not available 1.696
Helium 0.03457 0.02370 24.81 0.1613 22.44 0.1786 0.1785 (0 °C, 1 atm)
Hydrogen 0.2476 0.02661 24.81 0.08127 22.43 0.08988 0.08988
Krypton 2.349 0.03978 24.73 3.388 22.35 3.749 3.733 (0 °C)
Neon 0.2135 0.01709 24.80 0.8139 22.42 0.9002 0.89990 (0 °C, 1 atm)
Nitrogen 1.408 0.03913 24.77 1.131 22.39 1.251 1.2506
Oxygen 1.378 0.03183 24.77 1.292 22.39 1.429 1.429 (0 °C)
Radon not available 9.73
Xenon 4.250 0.05105 24.69 5.323 22.28 5.894 5.88

Other

  • KCH: Kuchling, Horst, Taschenbuch der Physik, 13. Auflage, Verlag Harri Deutsch, Thun und Frankfurt/Main, German edition, 1991. ISBN 3-8171-1020-0
    (a) Gray and Ramsay, Proceedings of the Royal Society (London). A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences. 84: 536; (1911)

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