Development began in 1997 when Ross Bagdasarian Jr. expressed interest in creating a live-action film. The project saw multiple changes before it was officially announced in September 2004 as a collaboration between Fox 2000 Pictures, 20th Century Fox Animation, and Bagdasarian Productions. The animation for the film was handled by Rhythm & Hues Studios (R&H), which studied real chipmunks and previous versions of the characters to design CGI models that retained the original essence. The integration of CGI with live-action footage required match-moving techniques and advanced visual effects software.[6] The music was composed by Christopher Lennertz.
Alvin and the Chipmunks was released in the United States on December 14, 2007, by 20th Century Fox. The film is dedicated in the memory of Ross Bagdasarian Sr., who created the titular characters. The film received generally negative reviews from critics, who criticized the film's humor and "rehashed kids' movie formula", while Cross' performance as the villain received general praise.[7] It grossed $361.3 million worldwide against a $60 million budget[8][3] and was the third best-selling DVD of 2008 in the United States.[9] The film was followed by three sequels: Alvin and the Chipmunks: The Squeakquel (2009), Alvin and the Chipmunks: Chipwrecked (2011), and Alvin and the Chipmunks: The Road Chip (2015).[10]
Plot
Talking chipmunk brothers Alvin, Simon, and Theodore reside in a fir tree, which is cut down and driven to Los Angeles after record label JETT Records purchases it as a Christmas tree. Meanwhile, struggling songwriter Dave Seville has his latest demo rejected by their chief executive Ian Hawke, who was his college roommate, and suggests that Dave should quit writing songs. The Chipmunks hop into a basket of muffins that Dave stole from one of Ian's subordinates and follow Dave home.
Finding the Chipmunks in his home, a shocked Dave initially forces them to leave. When he hears them sing "Only You (And You Alone)" and "Funkytown", Dave makes a deal with the Chipmunks to sing his songs in exchange for food and shelter. That night, Dave writes a song for them. The next day, Dave plays his piano and the Chipmunks practice Dave's song, "Christmas Don't Be Late". However, when Dave tries to present the Chipmunks to Ian, the Chipmunks fail to sing because of stage fright. The day worsens as Dave is fired from his advertising job due to the Chipmunks having unknowingly ruined his presentation boards. While hosting dinner with former girlfriend Claire, Dave struggles to hide the Chipmunks after Alvin attempts to create a romantic atmosphere, making Claire uncomfortable and ultimately causing her to leave. To make amends, the Chipmunks sing Dave's song in Ian's lavish mansion, prompting Ian to sign a record deal.
The Chipmunks quickly become an international sensation, further solidified after a successful performance of "Witch Doctor". Dave, concerned for their wellbeing, insists the Chipmunks are too young to handle fame, but Ian convinces them Dave reduces their success. After a misunderstanding and reading an old letter Dave wrote, the Chipmunks decide to live with Ian, whose only interest is profiting off the Chipmunks' success. As they set off on a nationwide cross-country tour, Ian exploits their naivety by overworking them constantly. When Ian's plan to take the Chipmunks on a twelve-month international tour is revealed on the news, Dave decides to infiltrate their concert at the Orpheum Theatre to retrieve them.
Before their concert, a veterinarian explains to Ian that the Chipmunks' voices have been worn out due to exhaustion and suggests that they take a long rest. Unwilling to cancel the concert and issue refunds, Ian advises the Chipmunks to lip sync. Dave sneaks into the theatre with Claire's help. The Chipmunks hear Dave calling and realize that Ian has tricked them; they decide to sabotage the show by causing chaos onstage. Dave is stopped by security as Ian locks the Chipmunks in a cage, preparing for their world tour. Ian escapes in his limousine with Dave pursuing after him. Despite Dave losing Ian, the Chipmunks appear in Dave's car. As Dave and the Chipmunks reconcile, Ian discovers their escape, costing him both his career and fortune.
Ross Bagdasarian Jr. dreamed of making a live-action film since 1997 "and the dream has had many nightmare moments".[18] In June 1997, Robert Zemeckis was attached to direct a live action adaptation with Steven Spielberg producing with Universal Pictures,[19] but it was shelved after the estate of Ross Bagdasarian Sr. filed suit against Universal in September 2000.[20] In September 2004, Fox 2000 Pictures, 20th Century Fox Animation and Bagdasarian Productions announced they would collaborate to create a live-action computer-generated film starring Alvin and the Chipmunks.[21] In April 2005, Jon Vitti, writer of The Simpsons, was revealed to be writing the screenplay.[22] In January 2007, it was announced Tim Hill, former writer of Rocko's Modern Life and SpongeBob SquarePants, was in talks with Fox to direct the film, having previously directed Garfield: A Tail of Two Kitties.[23]
Principal photography began on March 28, 2007[32] as the first film to be produced under the leadership of 20th Century Fox Animation president Vanessa Morrison.[33] Seville's house was built on Sunset Gower Studios in Hollywood, Los Angeles, and contains references to Bagdasarian Sr.'s life. The set pieces included an upright piano he used to write his songs and a flower visual he painted; the house's address number includes 1958, the year he created the chipmunk characters; and the house design is based on a cottage built in 1919, the year Bagdasarian Sr. was born.[34]
Filming took place primarily in areas of Los Angeles.[35] In shots where human characters interacted with the chipmunks, the actors rehearsed with small stuffed animals indicating where the chipmunks would be; the animals were then removed when it was time to shoot, and the actors used their memory of where the animals were.[6] In the mid-credits scene where Ian tries to get squirrels to sing, the actor and the animals were filmed separately. Using nuts, a trainer would bait squirrels in order to get them to turn their heads in different directions.[36]
According to Bagdasarian Jr., getting the look of the chipmunks suited for a live-action setting while maintaining the essence of the cartoon designs was challenging, and it took until September 2006 for the artists to get it right.[40] Hill instructed the artists to make the chipmunks look realistic, but not entirely like chipmunks.[6] In addition to observing real chipmunks offered by Universal Studios Inc., Rhythm & Hues studied all versions of the chipmunk characters from past Alvin media for conceiving, fur-texturing, and animating designs for the film.[6] Human dancers were referenced for animating the dance movements of the chipmunks, and YouTube videos of famous guitarists playing the guitar influenced how Alvin's guitar-playing was animated.[6]High-dynamic-range images of sets were also used for lighting the chipmunks to fit the live-action shots.[6] The most difficult part of integrating the chipmunks in the shots was match moving for instances when they climb on Seville's head.[6] For scenes where the chipmunks interacted with props, some were live-action props while others, such as a paper airplane, were produced and animated with computers.[6]
The film was released on DVD and Blu-ray on April 1, 2008.[52] This release sold 7.5 million DVD units ($127.6 million) in total becoming the third-best-selling DVD of 2008 in the United States, behind only The Dark Knight and Iron Man.[9]
Box office
Alvin and the Chipmunks was released in the United States and Canada on December 14, 2007. The film grossed $44.3 million in 3,475 theaters its opening weekend averaging to about $12,750 per venue, placing second at the box office behind I Am Legend.[53][54] Its second weekend was $28.2 million. On its third weekend, it surpassed I Am Legend for number 2 at the box office, but ranked behind National Treasure: Book of Secrets. The film closed on Thursday June 5, 2008, making $217.3 million in the US and $144 million overseas for a total of $361.3 million worldwide.[54] The sustained box-office success surprised the studio; Elizabeth Gabler of Fox 2000 told the Los Angeles Times, "I look at the numbers every day, and we just laugh". Alvin was more profitable than either I Am Legend or National Treasure: Book of Secrets.[55] According to MTV, it became the highest-grossing talking animal/cartoon adaptation until its sequel.[8] It is 20th Century Fox's second-highest-grossing film that was released in 2007, behind only Live Free or Die Hard.[56]
David Cross received backlash for his role in the film. In December 2007, comedian Patton Oswalt made a blog joke that he and Brian Posehn were offered the role of Ian but rejected it, adding, "We both threw the script across the room in disgust. David Cross caught it."[57] In response, Cross said he had rejected the role initially but reconsidered.[58][59][60]
Reception
Critical response
On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, 28% of 107 critics' reviews are positive, with an average rating of 4.1/10. The website's consensus reads: "Though cutely rendered, Alvin and the Chipmunks suffers from bland potty humor and a rehashed kids' movie formula."[61][62]Metacritic, which uses a weighted average, assigned the film a score of 39 out of 100, based on 23 critics, indicating "generally unfavorable" reviews.[63] Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave it grade A, on a scale of A+ to F.[64]
Ty Burr of the Boston Globe said, "the script leans heavily on the pranks and big-eyed cuteness of the li'l guys and leaves the live actors with unfunny dialogue and nothing to do."[67] According to The New York Times, "its animated protagonists are egregiously eclipsed by the live-action characters."[66]Chicago Reader criticized the "cardboard" characters of David Seville and Ian Hawke.[68] The most common censure was the film's satire on commercialism, which was hypocritical due to being bombarded with popular brands, including the chipmunks themselves.[a] Explained Burr, the film's message "is torn between the glitz that sells and the homilies that endure."[67]
Some critics disliked Lee's under-acting, particularly his underwhelming yelling of the word "Alvin!"[b] In his review for Première, Andrew Grant found, "Jason Lee makes for a sympathetic Dave, yet there's an almost somnambulistic quality to his performance,"[78] and Vice wrote that Lee's "rather 'cartoony' acting style here leaves a lot to be desired."[76] However, Lee's acting did have some supporters for working as a likable protagonist,[73][80] such as Time Out, a source that thought his "wry approach lends an edge to some of the script's wittier moments."[70] Some reviewers praised Cross' performance,[c] such as Bill Goodykoontz of The Arizona Republic who called the villain the highlight of the film: "Cross is hilarious in everything he does, but he's surprisingly effective in a kids comedy. His villainy is so broad that it's never really scary, and he's so funny that you never tire of seeing him on-screen."[82] However, one reviewer, Tim Robey, admitted to being annoyed by Cross in the film.[72] Andrew Grant called Richardson "sufficiently adorable and winsome, though the film's purity makes it difficult to imagine any sort of romantic entanglement."[78]Roger Ebert of RogerEbert.com wrote: "Jason Lee and David Cross manfully play roles that require them, as actors, to relate with empty space that would later be filled with CGI."[83]
The Philadelphia Inquirer wrote, "the values and the CGI are good."[84] Some critics praised the chipmunk protagonists;[68] with Vice writing they were "integrated pretty well into the live-action elements."[76]The A.V. Club wrote, "the manic Chipmunks wear out their welcome pretty quickly."[75]The Globe and Mail also commented on the shot composition: "you've got regulation-height dancers and musicians backing a singing group the size of kids' mittens."[85] Some reviewers, including Ebert, also panned the lack of distinction between the chipmunks.[83][84] However, Variety thought there was a "persuasive interaction of human and digital co-stars."[74]
Accolades
Fox submitted Alvin and the Chipmunks to the Academy Awards for a Best Animated Feature before the film had a theatrical run required for the award; it was not nominated.[86] While the Movieguide Awards named Alvin and the Chipmunks the third best family film of 2007,[87]PopMatters called it the second worst film of the year.[88] It was also named one of 2007's worst pictures by science fiction writer John Varley.[89] In 2011, Entertainment Weekly ranked Alvin and the Chipmunks the third worst live-action/animation hybrid film of all time.[90]Complex and Screen Rant named it eleventh worst talking animal film of all time.[91][92] In 2013, it was ranked by GamesRadar as the 48th worst Christmas movie ever.[93] In 2016, Box Office Prophets ranked it the fifth worst live-action film based on a cartoon.[94] The film also won the 2008 Kids' Choice Awards for Favorite Movie,[95] a BMI Film & TV Award for Film Music,[96] and was nominated for a Young Artist Award for Best Family Feature Film (Fantasy or Musical).
^Brodesser, Claude (April 17, 2005). "Fox Animation ups Cohen". Variety. Archived from the original on January 3, 2020. Retrieved December 21, 2019.
^LaPorte, Nicole (January 24, 2007). "Hill to direct 'Chipmunks'". Variety. Archived from the original on January 3, 2020. Retrieved December 21, 2019.
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