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← 1841 1840 1839 1842 in Canada → 1843 1844 1845
Decades:	1820s 1830s 1840s 1850s 1860s
See also:	History of Canada Timeline of Canadian history List of years in Canada

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Events from the year 1842 in Canada.

• Monarch: Victoria^[1]

• Parliament: 1st

• Governor General of the Province of Canada: Charles Bagot (starting 12 January)
• Governor of New Brunswick: William MacBean George Colebrooke
• Governor of Nova Scotia: Lucius Cary, 10th Viscount Falkland
• Civil Governor of Newfoundland: John Harvey
• Governor of Prince Edward Island: Henry Vere Huntley
• Governor of Canada West: Richard Downes Jackson

• Joint Premiers of the Province of Canada —
  • William Henry Draper, Canada West Premier
  • Samuel Harrison, Canada East Premier

• January 10 – Governor General of Canada Sir Charles Bagot arrives at Kingston, Ontario.
• January 12 – The Islander is founded Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island
• August 9 – The Webster–Ashburton Treaty ends the Aroostook War, settling once and for all the Maine–New Brunswick border dispute.
• October 16 – Queen's University is founded
• The first Railway in Nova Scotia is begun.

• 1842 Newfoundland general election
• Cornish emigrants begin to arrive in the area of Bruce Mines^[2]

• January 1 – John Morison Gibson, politician and Lieutenant Governor of Ontario (died 1929)
• March 4 – Hector Berthelot, lawyer, journalist and publisher (died 1895)
• June 26 – Zoé Lafontaine, wife of Sir Wilfrid Laurier, 7th Prime Minister of Canada (died 1921)
• June 30 – William Smithe, politician and 6th Premier of British Columbia (died 1887)
• July 11 – Louis-Philippe Turcotte, historian (died 1878)
• August 14 – Malcolm Alexander MacLean, 1st Mayor of Vancouver (died 1895)
• August 15 – Judson Burpee Black, physician and politician (died 1924)
• September 9 – Silas Tertius Rand Bill, politician, merchant and shipowner (died 1890)
• December 15 – Neil McLeod, lawyer, judge, politician and Premier of Prince Edward Island (died 1915)
• December 28 – Calixa Lavallée, musician and composer (died 1891)

• Poundmaker, Cree chief (died 1886)
• Jean Baptiste Blanchet, politician (died 1904)
• Arthur Boyle, politician (died 1919)
• Thomas Scott, Orangemen (died 1870)

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