Osroene (bahasa Yunani : Ὀσροηνή ) adalah sebuah wilayah dan negara kuno di Mesopotamia Tinggi .[ 4] Kerajaan Osroene , dikenal juga sebagai "Kerajaan Edessa " (bahasa Suryani : ܡܠܟܘܬܐ ܕܒܝܬ ܐܘܪܗܝ / "Kerajaan Urhay"), berdasarkan pada nama ibu kotanya (sekarang Şanlıurfa , Turki), yang berdiri mulai abad ke-2 SM sampai abad ke-3 M, dan diperintah oleh dinasti Abgaridia .[ 5] [ 6] [ 7] [ 8] [ 9]
Lihat pula
Referensi
^ Ball, W (2001). Rome in the East: the transformation of an empire ISBN 978-0-415-24357-5 ^ Frankfurter, David (1998). Pilgrimage and Holy Space in Late Antique Egypt ISBN 90-04-11127-1 It was around 200 CE that Abgar IX adopted Christianity, thus enabling Edessa to become the first Christian state in history whose ruler was officially and openly a Christian.
^ Dupuy, Richard Ernest; Dupuy, Trevor Nevitt (1970). The Encyclopedia of Military History: From 3500 B.C. to the Present 115 . ISBN 978-0-06-011139-7 ^ Bowman, Alan; Garnsey, Peter; Cameron, Averil (2005). The Cambridge Ancient History: Volume 12, The Crisis of Empire, AD 193-337 ISBN 9780521301992 ^ "Osroëne | ancient kingdom, Mesopotamia, Asia | Britannica" .^ Skolnik, Fred; Berenbaum, Michael (2007). Encyclopaedia Judaica ISBN 9780028659435 ^ Roberts, John Morris; Westad, Odd Arne (2013). The History of the World ISBN 9780199936762 ^ Laet, Sigfried J. de; Herrmann, Joachim (1996). History of Humanity: From the seventh century B.C. to the seventh century A.D. ISBN 9789231028120
Sumber
Andrade, Nathanael J. (2013). Syrian Identity in the Greco-Roman World ISBN 9781107244566 Drijvers, Hendrik J. W. (1980). Cults and Beliefs at Edessa ISBN 9004060502 Drower, Margaret Stephana; Gray, Eric William; Sherwin-White, Susan Mary (2012). "Osroëne" . Dalam Hornblower, Simon; Spawforth, Antony; Eidinow, Esther (ed.). The Oxford Classical Dictionary (Edisi 4). Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-954556-8 Griffith, Sidney H. (1986). "Ephraem, the Deacon of Edessa, and the Church of the Empire" . Diakonia: Studies in Honor of Robert T. Meyer . Washington: CUA Press. hlm. 25– 52. ISBN 9780813205960 Griffith, Sidney H. (2002). "Christianity in Edessa and the Syriac-Speaking World: Mani, Bar Daysan, and Ephraem, the Struggle for Allegiance on the Aramean Frontier" . Journal of the Canadian Society for Syriac Studies . 2 : 5– 20. doi :10.31826/jcsss-2009-020104 . S2CID 212688584 . Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 2018-12-11. Diakses tanggal 2023-04-13 .Harrak, Amir (1992). "The Ancient Name of Edessa" (PDF) . Journal of Near Eastern Studies . 51 (3): 209– 214. doi :10.1086/373553 . S2CID 162190342 . Diarsipkan dari asli (PDF) tanggal 2014-08-09. Healey, John F. (2007). "The Edessan Milieu and the Birth of Syriac" (PDF) . Hugoye: Journal of Syriac Studies . 10 (2): 115– 127. Keser-Kayaalp, Elif; Drijvers, Hendrik J. W. (2018). "Edessa" . The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity . Vol. 1. Oxford: Oxford University Press. hlm. 516– 518. ISBN 9780192562463 Lieu, Samuel (1997). "EDESSA" . Dalam Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.). Encyclopædia Iranica, Volume VIII/2: Economy V–Education XX . London and New York: Routledge & Kegan Paul. hlm. 174– 175. ISBN 978-1-56859-051-6 Mango, Marlia M. (1991). "Osrhoene" . Dalam Kazhdan, Alexander (ed.). The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium . Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-504652-6 Millar, Fergus (1967). The Roman Empire and Its Neighbours ISBN 9780440017691 Millar, Fergus (1987). "Empire, Community and Culture in the Roman Near East: Greeks, Syrians, Jews and Arabs" . Journal of Jewish Studies . 38 (2): 143– 164. doi :10.18647/1337/JJS-1987 .Millar, Fergus (1993). The Roman Near East, 31 BC - AD 337 ISBN 9780674778863 Millar, Fergus (2004). Rome, the Greek World, and the East: Government, Society and Culture in the Roman Empire ISBN 9780807855201 Millar, Fergus (2006). A Greek Roman Empire: Power and Belief under Theodosius II (408–450) ISBN 9780520253919 Millar, Fergus (2006). Rome, the Greek World, and the East: The Greek World, the Jews, and the East ISBN 9780807876657 Millar, Fergus (2011). "Greek and Syriac in Edessa: From Ephrem to Rabbula (CE 363-435)" . Semitica et Classica . 4 : 99– 114. doi :10.1484/J.SEC.1.102508 .Millar, Fergus (2012). "Greek and Syriac in Fifth-Century Edessa: The Case of Bishop Hibas" . Semitica et Classica . 5 : 151– 165. doi :10.1484/J.SEC.1.103053 .Sartre, Maurice (2005). "The Arabs and the desert peoples". Dalam Bowman, Alan K. ; Garnsey, Peter ; Cameron, Averil (ed.). The Cambridge Ancient History: Volume 12, The Crisis of Empire, AD 193-337 . Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0521301992 Segal, Judah (1982). "Abgar" . Dalam Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.). Encyclopædia Iranica, Volume I/2: ʿAbd-al-Hamīd–ʿAbd-al-Hamīd . London and New York: Routledge & Kegan Paul. hlm. 210– 213. ISBN 978-0-71009-091-1
Pranala luar
37°09′30″N 38°47′30″E / 37.1583°N 38.7917°E / 37.1583; 38.7917 Templat:Topik Asyur
Umum Perpustakaan nasional
