Orpa

Naomi, Rut, dan Orpa, lukisan William Blake (1795).

Orpa (bahasa Ibrani: עָרְפָּה‎; artinya "sisi belakang leher"; bahasa Inggris: Orpah) adalah nama seorang perempuan Moab yang disebut dalam Alkitab Ibrani dan Perjanjian Lama di Alkitab Kristen, khususnya dalam Kitab Rut. Ia hidup pada zaman para hakim memerintah (sekitar 1100 SM).[1]

Keluarga

Wilayah Yehuda dan Moab pada zaman Hakim-hakim

Orpa menikah dengan Kilyon bin Elimelekh, seorang Efrata dari suku Yehuda, yang pindah dari Betlehem, Yudea, ke tanah Moab, sewaktu ada kelaparan di tanah Israel.[1] Mertuanya, Elimelekh, sudah meninggal di tanah Moab sebelum pernikahan dengan Kilyon, meninggalkan Naomi, istrinya, dan seorang putra lain, Mahlon.[2] Mahlon kemudian mengambil seorang perempuan Moab lain yang bernama Rut menjadi istrinya.[3] Setelah 10 tahun berumahtangga, Mahlon dan Kilyon mati, sehingga keluarga itu sekarang hanya terdiri dari Naomi, dengan kedua menantu perempuannya, Orpa dan Rut.[4] Walaupun suami-suami mereka sudah meninggal, Orpa dan Rut tetap menunjukkan kesetiaannya terhadap ibu mertuanya (Naomi) yang berbangsa Israel itu, dan rupanya selalu beribadah kepada Tuhan.[5] Setelah didesak oleh Naomi, Orpa kembali ke rumah orangtuanya di Moab, sedangkan Rut, istri Mahlon, menemani Naomi kembali ke Betlehem dan di sana Rut menikah lagi dengan Boas. Dari pernikahan ini, lahir Obed, kakek Daud, raja Israel, yang juga merupakan kakek moyang Yesus Kristus.[5]

Sastra rabbinik

  • Dalam sastra rabbinik Orpa disamakan dengan Harafa, yang menjadi ibu empat raksasa Filistin, dimana salah satunya adalah Goliat yang kemudian mati dibunuh Daud. Dikisahkan keempat putra ini diberikan untuk empat tetes air mata yang dicurahkan saat Orpa berpisah dengan Naomi, mertuanya.[6]
  • Menurut legenda di sebuah midrash, Orpa adalah saudara perempuan Rut, dan keduanya adalah putri raja Moab, Eglon.[7] Namanya diubah menjadi "Orpa" karena Ia membelakangi (dari bahasa Ibrani: עורף‎, orep atau oref, artinya "sisi belakang leher") mertuanya.[7][8] Traktat Sanhedrin dalam Talmud menyatakan bahwa Orpa dibunuh oleh Abisai anak Zeruya binti Isai, seorang jenderal yang juga saudara sepupu raja Daud.[9]

Referensi

  1. ^ a b Rut 1:1
  2. ^ Rut 1:2–3
  3. ^ Rut 1:4
  4. ^ Rut 1:5
  5. ^ a b H. Van Den Bring, Tafsiran Rut dan Ester, (Jakarta: BPK Gunung Mulia, 1979). Hal 16.
  6. ^ Babylonian Talmud, Nashim/Sotah 42b.
  7. ^ a b Ruth Rabbah. ii. 9.
  8. ^ Nashim/Talmud Sotah.
  9. ^ Talmud Sanhedrin 95a

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