Litium peroksida

Litium peroksida
Lithium peroxide
Nama
Nama lain
Dilitium peroksida, Litium(I) peroksida
Penanda
Model 3D (JSmol)
3DMet {{{3DMet}}}
ChemSpider
Nomor EC
Nomor RTECS {{{value}}}
  • InChI=1S/2Li.O2/c;;1-2/q2*+1;-2 YaY
    Key: HPGPEWYJWRWDTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N YaY
  • InChI=1/2Li.O2/c;;1-2/q2*+1;-2
    Key: HPGPEWYJWRWDTP-UHFFFAOYAV
  • [Li+].[Li+].[O-][O-]
Sifat
Li2O2
Massa molar 45,881 g/mol
Penampilan serbuk putih, halus
Bau tak berbau
Densitas 2,31 g/cm3[1][2]
Titik lebur 195 °C
Titik didih Terdekomposisi menjadi Li2O
larut
Kelarutan tidak larut dalam alkohol
Struktur
heksagonal
Termokimia
Entalpi pembentukan standarfHo) -13,82 kJ/g
Bahaya
tak terdaftar
Kecuali dinyatakan lain, data di atas berlaku pada suhu dan tekanan standar (25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N verifikasi (apa ini YaYN ?)
Referensi

Litium peroksida adalah senyawa anorganik dengan rumus Li2O2. Senyawa ini berupa padatan putih tak higroskopis. Oleh karena ia memiliki rasio oksigen berbanding massa dan oksigen berbanding volume yang tinggi, padatannya telah digunakan untuk menghilangkan CO2 dari atmosfer dalam wahana antariksa.[3]

Preparasi

Litium peroksida dibuat melalui reaksi hidrogen peroksida dan litium hidroksida. Reaksi ini pertama-tama menghasilkan litium hidroperoksida:[3][4]

Litium hidroperoksida ini juga disebut sebagai litium peroksida monoperoksohidrat trihidrat (Li2O2·H2O2·3H2O). Dehidrasi bahan ini menghasilkan garam peroksida anhidrat:

Li terdekomposisi pada suhu sekitar 450 °C menghasilkaln litium oksida:

Struktur padatan Li telah ditentukan menggunakan kristalografi sinar-X dan teori fungsional densitas [en]. Padatannya menunjukkan subunit Li "seperti etana" berbentuk bulan sabit dengan jarak O–O sekitar 1,5 Å.[5]

Kegunaan

Litium peroksida digunakan dalam pemurni udara ketika bobot menjadi pertimbangan, misalnya, dalam wahana antariksa untuk menyerap karbon dioksida dan membebaskan oksigen sesuai reaksi:[3]

Ia menyerap lebih banyak CO2 daripada litium hidroksida dengan berat yang sama, ditambah bonus melepaskan oksigen.[6] Selain itu, tidak seperti peroksida logam alkali lainnya, ia tidak higroskopis.

Reaksi litium peroksida yang dapat balik adalah dasar untuk prototipe baterai litium–udara [en]. Dengan menggunakan oksigen dari atmosfer, memungkinkan baterai mengeliminasi penyimpanan oksigen untuk reaksinya, menghemat berat dan ukuran baterai.[7]

Kombinasi baterai lithium–udara yang berhasil, dilengkapi dengan membran sel surya permeabel udara, diumumkan oleh Universitas Negara Bagian Ohio pada tahun 2014.[8] Kombinasi dari dua fungsi dalam satu modul (sebuah "baterai surya") diharapkan dapat mengurangi biaya secara signifikan dibandingkan modul dan pengendali terpisah seperti saat ini.

Lihat juga

Referensi

  1. ^ "Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds," in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 91st Edition (Internet Version 2011), W. M. Haynes, ed., CRC Press/Taylor and Francis, Boca Raton, FL. (pp: 4-72).
  2. ^ Speight, James G. (2005). Lange's Handbook of Chemistry (16th Edition). (pp: 1.40). McGraw-Hill. Online version available at: http://www.knovel.com/web/portal/browse/display?_EXT_KNOVEL_DISPLAY_bookid=1347&VerticalID=0
  3. ^ a b c Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1984). Chemistry of the Elements. Oxford: Pergamon Press. hlm. 98. ISBN 0-08-022057-6. 
  4. ^ E. Dönges "Lithium and Sodium Peroxides" in Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd Ed. Edited by G. Brauer, Academic Press, 1963, NY. Vol. 1. p. 979.
  5. ^ L. G. Cota and P. de la Mora "On the structure of lithium peroxide, Li2O2" Acta Crystallogr. 2005, vol. B61, pages 133-136. DOI:10.1107/S0108768105003629
  6. ^ Ulrich Wietelmann, Richard J. Bauer "Lithium and Lithium Compounds" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 2005, Wiley-VCH: Weinheim. doi:10.1002/14356007.a15_393.pub2
  7. ^ Girishkumar, G.; B. McCloskey; AC Luntz; S. Swanson; W. Wilcke (July 2, 2010). "Lithium- air battery: Promise and challenges". The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters. 1 (14): 2193–2203. doi:10.1021/jz1005384. 
  8. ^ [1] Patent-pending device invented at The Ohio State University: the world’s first solar battery.

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Group of stereoisomers MethastyridoneClinical dataATC codenoneIdentifiers IUPAC name 2,2-dimethyl-5-[(E)-2-phenylethenyl]-1,3-oxazolidin-4-one CAS Number721-19-7PubChem CID6083100ChemSpider4801920UNIIC1846N9AVWCompTox Dashboard (EPA)DTXSID60862388 Chemical and physical dataFormulaC13H15NO2Molar mass217.268 g·mol−13D model (JSmol)Interactive image SMILES CC1(C)NC(=O)C(O1)\C=C\c2ccccc2 InChI InChI=1S/C13H15NO2/c1-13(2)14-12(15)11(16-13)9-8-10-6-4-3-5-7-10/h3-9,11H,1-2H3,(H,14,15)/b9-8+K...

 

 

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