Glomerulosklerosis

Glomerulosklerosis merupakan luka yang disebabkan oleh kerusakan glomerulus (unit penyaring darah pada ginjal).[1] Glomerulosklerosis ringan terjadi secara normal karena proses penuaan.[1] Glomerulosklerosis dapat terkait dengan diabetes melitus, hipertensi (tekanan darah tinggi), AIDS atau penyalah gunaan obat sebaca intravena.[1]

Gejala

  • Urin yang berbusa sebagai akibat terdapat protein dalam urin.[2]
  • Berkurangnya nafsu makan.[2]
  • Bengkak yang sering disebut sebagai edema, yang berasal dari cairan dalam tubuh.[2]
  • Naikknya berat badan.[2]

Diagnosis

Dokter akan memeriksa secara fisik.[2] Pemeriksaan meliputi pembengkakan jaringan dan tekanan darah.[2] Tanda dari gagal ginjal dan kelebihan cairan dapat menyebabkan keadaan memburuk.[2] Diagnosis meliputi:

  • Biopsi ginjal.[2]
  • Uji fungsionalitas ginjal (darah dan urin).[2]
  • Analisis urin.[2]
  • Mikroskopi urin.[2]
  • Protein urin.[2]

Pengobatan

Beberapa pasien akan diberikan kortikosteroid dosis tinggi atau obat untuk menurunkan sistem imun.[2] Umumnya pengobatan yang dilakukan adalah:

  • Pemberian antibiotik untuk mengendalikan infeksi.[2]
  • Pemberian obat anti-inflamasi untuk menurunkan respon imun.[2]
  • Dialisis darah.[2]
  • Restriksi cairan.[2]
  • Transplantasi ginjal.[2]
  • Diet rendah lemak.[2]
  • Diet rendah atau sedang protein.[2]
  • Pemberian obat-obatan untuk mengendalikan tekanan darah, kolestrol darah dan trigliserida.[2]
  • Diet rendah garam.[2]
  • Suplementasi vitamin D.[2]

Referensi

  1. ^ a b c (Inggris) Peters M. A-Z Family Medical Encyclopedia. British Medical Associations.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w (Inggris) MedlinePlus. Glomerulosclerosis [terhubung berkala]. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000478.htm Diarsipkan 2016-07-05 di Wayback Machine. [20 Jun 2014].

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