Dedalu tangis

Dedalu tangis
Salix babylonica Edit nilai pada Wikidata
Status konservasi
Kekurangan data
IUCN61960227 Edit nilai pada Wikidata
Taksonomi
SuperkerajaanEukaryota
KerajaanPlantae
DivisiTracheophytes
OrdoMalpighiales
FamiliSalicaceae
GenusSalix
SpesiesSalix babylonica Edit nilai pada Wikidata
Linnaeus, 1753
Tata nama
Sinonim takson
Daftar
    • Ficus salix H.Lév. & Vaniot
    • Salix babylonica var. glandulipilosa P.I.Mao & W.Z.Li
    • Salix cantoniensis Hance
    • Salix capitata Y.L.Chou & Skvortsov
    • Salix chinensis Burm.f.
    • Salix dependens Nakai
    • Salix jeholensis Nakai
    • Salix jishiensis C.F.Fang & J.Q.Wang
    • Salix lasiogyne Seemen
    • Salix lenta Fr.
    • Salix matsudana Koidz.
    • Salix matsudana var. anshanensis C.Wang & J.Z.Yan
    • Salix matsudana var. pseudomatsudana (Y.L.Chou & Skvortsov) Y.L.Chou
    • Salix napoleonis F.W.Schultz
    • Salix neolasiogyne Nakai
    • Salix ohsidare Kimura
    • Salix pingliensis Y.L.Chou
    • Salix pseudogilgiana H.Lév.
    • Salix pseudolasiogyne H.Lév.
    • Salix pseudomatsudana Y.L.Chou & Skvortsov
    • Salix subfragilis Andersson
    • Salix yuhkii Kimura
[1]

Salix babylonica ( dedalu cina atau dedalu tangis ; Hanzi: 垂柳; Pinyin: chuí liǔ ) adalah spesies dedalu yang berasal dari daerah kering di Cina utara, tetapi dibudidayakan selama ribuan tahun di tempat lain di Asia, diperdagangkan di sepanjang Jalur Sutra ke Asia barat daya dan Eropa .[3]

Keterangan

Salix babylonica adalah pohon gugur berukuran sedang hingga besar, tumbuh hingga 20–25 m (66–82 ft) tinggi. Tumbuh dengan cepat, tetapi memiliki umur pendek, antara 40 dan 75 tahun. Tunasnya berwarna coklat kekuningan, dengan tunas kecil. Daunnya bergantian dan tersusun spiral, sempit, hijau muda, 4–16 cm (1,6–6,3 in) panjang dan 05–2 cm (2,0–0,8 in) lebar, dengan tepi bergerigi halus dan ujung runcing panjang; mereka berubah menjadi kuning keemasan di musim gugur. Bunganya disusun dalam bunga untai yang diproduksi di awal musim semi; itu dioecious, dengan untai bunga jantan dan betina di pohon terpisah.[3][4]

Penanaman

Weeping Willow, oleh Claude Monet (1918)

Salix babylonica, terutama bentuknya yang terjumbai ("menangis") bercabang, telah diperkenalkan ke banyak daerah lain, termasuk Eropa dan Amerika Serikat bagian tenggara, tetapi di luar Cina, umumnya tidak berhasil dibudidayakan seperti beberapa turunan hibridanya, sensitif terhadap embun beku akhir musim semi. Di iklim yang lebih lembab di sebagian besar Eropa dan Amerika Utara bagian timur, ia rentan terhadap penyakit kanker, yang membuat pohon yang terinfeksi berumur sangat pendek dan tidak sedap dipandang.[5][6]

Penggunaan

Dedalu peking adalah pohon hias populer di Cina utara, dan juga ditanam untuk produksi kayu dan tempat berlindung di sana, menjadi sangat penting di sekitar oasis Gurun Gobi, melindungi lahan pertanian dari angin gurun.[butuh rujukan]

Asal

Julukan babylonica dalam nama ilmiah spesies Cina ini ( S. babylonica ), serta nama umum terkait "Dedalu babionia" atau "Dedalu tangis babilonia", berasal dari kesalahpahaman oleh Linnaeus bahwa willow ini adalah pohon yang dijelaskan dalam Alkitab . dalam pembukaan Mazmur 137 (di sini dalam terjemahan Latin dan Inggris):

Referensi

  1. ^ "Salix babylonica L". Plants of the World Online. Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 2017. Diakses tanggal 8 September 2020. 
  2. ^ Barstow (2021). "Salix babylonica ". 2021: e.T61960227A61960237. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T61960227A61960237.en. 
  3. ^ a b Flora of China: Salix babylonica
  4. ^ Huxley, A., ed. (1992).
  5. ^ Bean, W. J. (1980).
  6. ^ Meikle, R. D. (1984).

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