Betutu

Betutu

Ikan betutu dari Sungai Cihideung, Dramaga, Bogor
Status konservasi
Risiko Rendah (IUCN 3.1)^[1]
Klasifikasi ilmiah
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kerajaan:	Animalia
Filum:	Chordata
Kelas:	Actinopterygii
Ordo:	Gobiiformes
Famili:	Butidae
Genus:	Oxyeleotris
Spesies:	Oxyeleotris marmorata Bleeker, 1852
Sinonim
Eleotris marmorata Bleeker, 1852 Bostrichthys marmoratus (Bleeker, 1852) Gigantogobius jordani Fowler, 1905 Callieleotris platycephalus Fowler, 1934

Betutu (Oxyeleotris marmorata) / (marble goby) adalah nama sejenis ikan air tawar. Meskipun ada yang berukuran besar, ikan yang menyebar di Asia Tenggara hingga Kepulauan Nusantara ini digemari pemancing karena betotan (tarikan)nya yang kuat dan tiba-tiba.

Nama-nama lainnya di pelbagai daerah di Indonesia adalah bakut, bakutut, belosoh (nama umum), boso, boboso, bodobodo, ikan bodoh, gabus bodoh, ketutuk, ikan malas, ikan hantu, kuthuk gunung (di daerah jawa) dan lain-lain. Dalam bahasa Inggris disebut marble goby atau marble sleeper, merujuk pada pola-pola warna di tubuhnya yang serupa batu pualam kemerahan.

Pengenalan

Ikan bertubuh kecil sampai sedang dengan kepala yang besar. Panjang tubuh (SL, standard length) maksimum hingga sekitar 65 cm,^[2] namun kebanyakan hanya antara 20–40 cm atau kurang. Berwarna merah bata pudar, kecoklatan atau kehitaman, dengan pola-pola gelap simetris di tubuhnya. Tanpa bercak bulat (ocellus) di pangkal ekornya.^[3]

Sirip dorsal (punggung) yang sebelah muka dengan enam jari-jari yang keras (duri); dan yang sebelah belakang dengan satu duri dan sembilan jari-jari yang lunak. Sirip anal dengan satu duri dan 7–8 jari-jari lunak. Sisik-sisik di tengah punggung, dari belakang kepala hingga pangkal sirip dorsal (predorsal scales) 60–65 buah. Sisik-sisik di sisi tubuh, di sepanjang gurat sisi (lateral row scales) 80–90 buah.^[3]

Seperti dicerminkan oleh namanya, ikan ini malas bergerak atau berpindah tempat. Ia cenderung diam saja di dasar perairan, sekalipun diusik. Hanya di malam hari betutu agak aktif, memburu udang, ikan-ikan kecil, yuyu, atau siput air. Ikan betutu didapati di sungai-sungai di bagian yang terlindung, rawa, waduk, saluran air atau parit.^[2]

Penyebaran

Betutu menyebar di Asia Tenggara: Thailand, Vietnam, Brunei Darussalam, Kamboja, Laos, Semenanjung Malaya, Filipina, dan Indonesia: Sumatra, Kalimantan, Sulawesi dan Maluku.^[2]^[3] Didapati pula di Jawa.^[4] Diintroduksi ke Singapura, Taiwan, Cina, dan mungkin pula Fiji.^[2]

Ikan betutu disukai sebagai ikan pancing maupun ikan konsumsi. Dagingnya enak dan lembut.

Referensi

^ Larson, H. (2019). "Oxyeleotris marmorata": e.T181009A1688022. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-2.RLTS.T181009A1688022.en.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Oxyeleotris marmorata, Marble goby pada laman FishBase.org, diakses 25/04/2008
^ ^a ^b ^c Kottelat, M., A.J. Whitten, S.N. Kartikasari, dan S. Wirjoatmodjo. 1993. Ikan Air Tawar Indonesia Bagian Barat dan Sulawesi. Periplus dan Proyek EMDI KMNKLH. Jakarta. p.186
^ Soewardi, K. 2006. Studi Beberapa Aspek Biologi Reproduksi Ikan Betutu (Oxyeleotris marmorata Bleeker) di Sungai Cisadane dan Waduk Saguling, Jawa Barat. Jurnal Natur Indonesia 8 (2): 105 – 113. Abstract Diarsipkan 2006-08-21 di Wayback Machine..

Pranala luar

Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Oxyeleotris marmorata.

Oxyeleotris marmorata (Bleeker, 1852) pada laman ITIS
MARBLE SLEEPER (Oxyeleotris marmorata): SPECIES ACCOUNTS
Marbled Goby or Soon Hock^{[pranala nonaktif permanen]} pada laman EcologyAsia
Sudahkah Anda Tahu? Ikan Betutu (Oxyeleotris marmorata)^{[pranala nonaktif permanen]}

Artikel bertopik ikan ini adalah sebuah rintisan. Anda dapat membantu Wikipedia dengan mengembangkannya.

Pengidentifikasi takson	Wikidata: Q167642 Wikispecies: Oxyeleotris marmorata BOLD: 11109 FishBase: 5376 GBIF: 2386241 iNaturalist: 108086 IRMNG: 10806147 ITIS: 637762 IUCN: 181009 NCBI: 86250 WoRMS: 281954

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