Bedolah

Getah bedolah

Bedolah (bahasa Inggris: bdellium, bedellium atau bdellion; bahasa Ibrani bedolckh) adalah getah oleo-gum semi-transparan yang diekstraksi dari pohon Commiphora wightii dan dari Commiphora africana yang tumbuh di Etiopia, Eritrea dan Afrika sub-Sahara.

Komposisi

Bedolah terdiri dari gom alamiah yang larut dalam air, resin dan minyak atsiri. Minyak atsiri Commiphora africana mengandung terutama α-thujene, α- dan β-pinene, serta p-cymene.[1]

Di Tiongkok, bedolah dikenal sebagai an hsi hsiang atau "aromatik dari Parthia", yang termasuk ragam kemenyan yang mencapai Tiongkok baik melalui Jalur Sutra dari Asia Tengah, atau lewat laut. Kemudian an hsi hsiang juga digunakan untuk menamai bahan pengganti dari India Timur, gum benzoin dari Sumatra.[2]

Bedolah merupakan bahan resep dokter kuno dari Galen sampai Paul dari Aegina, dan dalam Greater Kuphi.[3]

Isidore dari Seville melaporkan dalam tulisannya, Etymologiae (XVII.viii.6), bahwa bedolah berasal dari pohon-pohon di India dan Arabia, di mana varietas Arabia lebih baik karena lembut, keputih-putihan dan berbau harusm, sedangkan varietas India berwarna hitam kotor.[4]

Catatan

Referensi

  1. ^ Lumír O. Hanuš; et al. (2005), "Myrrh-Commiphora Chemistry", Biomed. Papers, 149 (1): 3–23, PMID 16170385 
  2. ^ Joseph Needham et al., Science and Civilisation in China, vol. 5 (Cambridge University Press) 1974, §33.Alchemy and Chemistry, p. 142f and note g.
  3. ^ Miller, Spice Trade, p. 71.
  4. ^ Barney, Stephen A.; Lewis, W. J.; Beach, J. A.; Berghof, O. (translators) (2006). The Etymologies of Isidore of Seville (edisi ke-1). Cambridge University Press. hlm. 348–349. ISBN 978-0-511-21969-6. . Isidore's encyclopedia assembled facts from classical sources.

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