鄧廷楨

鄧廷楨(1776年—1846年),维周,又字嶰筠晚号妙吉祥室老人刚木老人江苏江宁人,祖籍苏州洞庭西山明月湾。清朝政治人物、书法家。善诗文,著有《双砚斋诗钞》。邓廷桢曾和林则徐虎门销烟

生平

鄧廷楨于嘉庆六年(1801年)中进士,選庶吉士散館翰林院编修。后历任浙江宁波陕西延安榆林西安等地知府湖北按察使江西布政使、陕西按察使、布政使等职。道光六年(1826年),升任安徽巡抚,十五年(1835年)10月15日升任两广总督。道光十九年十二月(1840年1月29日)调任闽浙总督。邓廷桢重用水師副總韓肇慶,韓利用职务之便,用水师船艦给英国人运鸦片,[1]每万箱抽数百箱报功,韩竟因此“保擢总兵,赏戴孔雀翎”。民间有诗《十八咏》讽刺邓廷桢,说他是“两广师船皆私有,月入三万六千银”。

因此在任职两广总督期间,邓一度主张放开鸦片的进口,道光十六年九月初二(1836年10月11日)更上奏要求弛禁。当钦差大臣林则徐到达广州后,对广东官员参与走私活动的情况也非常震惊。邓廷桢本人表面上附和林则徐虎门销烟,邓廷桢的儿子却是广州最大的鸦片商人之一。[2]林則徐準備判韓肇慶死刑,由於鄧廷楨說情,僅予革職了事。[3]

第一次鸦片战争爆发后,邓在福建加强海防,道光二十年(1840年)7月2日在厦门击退来犯的英军。9月28日,清朝因战事失利与英国展开谈判,邓与林则徐同被革职,后流放新疆伊犁[4]不久被重新起用,任陕西巡抚。道光二十六年(1846年)病逝于西安,归葬于南京麒麟门邓廷桢墓

延伸阅读

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注釋

  1. ^ 魏源《聖武記 • 道光洋艘征撫記(上)》:“初,鴉片烟在康熙初以藥材納稅。乾隆三十年以前,每年不過二百 箱。及嘉慶元年,因嗜者日眾,始禁其入口。嘉慶末,每年私𩱳至三四千 箱,始積澳門,繼移黃埔。道光初嚴禁,復移於零丁洋之躉船。……始躉船尚不 過五艘,其烟至多不過四五千箱,可籌火攻,而總督阮元密奏,請暫時羈縻,徐圖 驅逐,於是因循日甚。其突增至二十五艘,烟二萬箱者,則在道光六年, 兩廣總督李鴻賓設巡船之後。巡船每月受規銀三萬六千兩,放私入口。……道光 十七年,總督鄧廷楨復設巡船,而水師副將韓肇慶專以護私漁利,……水師兵人 人充橐,而雅〔鴉〕片烟遂至四五萬箱矣。”
  2. ^ 卫三畏:《中国总论》
  3. ^ 魏源《道光洋艘征抚记》里提及,韩肇庆“终以邓廷桢所保,不能尽正其罪”。
  4. ^ 邓邦康编《邓尚书年谱》:“公在伊犁,林文忠公亦奉旨遣戍,两公自会办夷务以来,相依如家人骨肉,至是感慨时事,流连景光,常有诗词相唱和。”

參考文獻

官衔
前任:
盧坤
兩廣總督
1835年10月15日-1840年1月21日
繼任:
林則徐


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